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CQ: Describe the battle of Gettysburg. What impact did this battle have on the Civil War? What is “Picket’s Charge”? Despite being often romanticized, why did some Confederate leaders criticize Gen. Lee and the charge? What impact did the results of Gettysburg have on the remainder of the war effort? Why? Identify and locate in relation to the town of Gettysburg… Little Round Top Big Round Top Culp’s Hill Seminary Ridge Cemetery Hill Devil’s Den The Peach Orchard The Battle of Gettysburg, Penn. Extremely critical in the development of the Civil War. It is probably accurate to say that Gettysburg was a (seminal) turning point in the War. Before, the war was a tie, or Maybe the Union had a slight upper hand After the battle at Gettysburg, the Union prevailed! Largest battle fought on American soil….(bigger than Shiloh) Gettysburg was a three-day battle July 1 – July 3, 1863 It was brutally hot! Soldiers collapsed from heat exhaustion. Massive Size! At Gettysburg Union Army – close to 100,000 soldiers, Commander George Meade of the Army of the Potomac Confederate Army – over 75,000 soldiers, Commander Robert E. Lee Significance of Gettysburg The town of Gettysburg is a central point where there are a few rivers and several railroads meeting. It is a connecting point for transportation and communication. Day 1….. July 1st 1863 The battle began over shoes & food Both sides needed supplies James Johnston Pettigrew’s men were looking for supplies and stumbled across Gettysburg. While there they noticed Union troops across a bridge under the command of Buford. Pettigrew and Buford’s divisions clash and start the Battle of Gettysburg. The Confederacy starts to win and starts to push the Union out. Nightfall… Day 2…July 2nd 1863 General Lee (C) arrives with his troops Remember the general style of fighting was the phalynx..line up and shoot each other The one side had to out flank the other…meaning as the troops faced each other…lined up, the goal was to push the other back…and to surround them as well. General Lee ordered an assault on both Flanks of the Union line. James Longstreet- a Confederate General with Lee. He was put in charge of attacking the Southern Flank. R.S. Ewell, General in charge of attacking the Northern Flank. Lee knew that if he (Confederacy) could win at Gettysburg, they could continue to push north into the Union. Lee wanted to break the Union’s will to fight! He wanted the Union to eventually feel that there was no point…they forgot!!!!! Lincoln’s goal was to preserve the UNION!!! Lincoln will never waiver!!!! Longstreet was somewhat successful in breaking the Southern Flank. Ewell was unsuccessful in breaking the Northern Flank. Confederacy was able to gain a few areas such as Little Round Top & Culp’s Hill. Day 2 was a major missed opportunity for the Confederacy primarily because they did not have good communication between the troops. There was a Confederate General, Robert Rodes, an engineer; he never brought his troops from Gettysburg to Cemetery Hill, to gain an advantage. But because he did not get the order to advance his troops he never took Cemetery Hill, which would have been a huge advantage. Day 3…July 3, You win the battles, I win the war! Day 1 & Day 2 the Confederacy, by small margin, prevailed…but day 3 was different! The Confederacy wants to build upon the successes they had the day before. Lee wants to put pressure on the Union’s center, the center, between the two Flanks. This is at Cemetery Hill. Midday, the Confederacy opens with an artillery barrage! Not successful The Confederacy has less men and can’t afford to lose too many more soldiers. Pickett’s Charge – towards the end of the day. The Confederacy wasn’t able to break the Union’s line. General Lee tells General Longstreet to make one more push at the Union line. Longstreet and Pickett and their company (made up of Virginians, “For the manhood of Virginia”)…charges …and was unsuccessful in breaking the Union line. It was much like a suicide mission. Longstreet blamed Lee for making a poor decision, he knew the push/charge wouldn’t work. They just kept losing men. Day 3 was a slaughter! Over the 3-day battle about 51,000 soldiers killed or mortally wounded. The Confederacy lost over 15,000 in day 3, a blood bath. The Confederacy will never recover from Gettysburg. They were a broken army from this point on. Longstreet wrote a book, he was critical of Lee. End of 1863- 1864, Confederacy is weakened,