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Transcript
World War II VocabularyTerms: 1. Appeasement - belief that it is best to let an aggressive nation have what they want in hopes that this will satisfy its leader and stop the aggression 2. Munich Conference - Meeting between Germany, France, Britain, and Italy. British PM Chamberlain gave in to Hitler’s demands believing it would prevent war and establish a lasting peace 3. Nonaggression pact- Hitler & Stalin’s agreement to not attack each other at the beginning of WWII; Hitler would violate its terms 2 years later 4. Allies- An alliance between United States, Great Britain, USSR (Russia); also known as “The Big Three” 5. Axis Powers- An alliance between Germany, Italy, and Japan 6. Third Reich - New German Empire created by Hitler 7. Aryans – To the Nazis, the Germanic peoples who formed a “master race.” 8. Blitzkrieg - using fast moving airplanes and tanks, followed by massive infantry forces, to take an enemy by surprise 9. Holocaust- the killing of over 6 million Jewish people; Hitler and the Nazi Party were responsible 10. concentration camps- area that housed thousands of starving and tortured prisoners (mostly Jews) during WWII; most were tortured and then murdered 11. anti-Semitism – prejudice against Jews 12. Final Solution - Hitler’s plan to protect racial purity by eliminating groups he viewed as inferior, such as people that were Jewish, Roma (gypsy), Polish, Russian, homosexual, the insane, the disabled, and the incurably ill. 13. ghettos – segregated areas of a city where Jews were forced to live 14. genocide – the systematic killing of an entire people 15. Demilitarization- disbanding armed forces at the end of the war 16. Nuremburg Trials- Military Tribunal put the Nazi war criminal on trial for waging a war of aggression, violating the laws of war and committing “crimes against humanity” through the murder of 11 million people. 17. United Nations- formed to maintain peace between countries and make sure nations obeyed international laws and human rights Leaders: 18. Franklin D. Roosevelt- president of US for most of WWII, part of the Allied powers. 19. Joseph Stalin- leader of the Soviet Union during WWII. He initially was allied with Hitler, but changed after 1941 to be a part of the Allied powers. 20. Winston Churchill- Great Britain’s Prime Minister during WWII, part of the Allied powers 21. Emperor Hirohito- Emperor of Japan during WWII 22. Harry Truman- Became president after FDR died, responsible for dropping the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan 23. Benito Mussolini- leader of Italy, became leader of puppet government under Hitler (Axis) 24. Adolf Hitler- leader of Germany and Nazi Party; preached hatred of the Jews and is responsible for the Holocaust (Axis)