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COURSE 7240 Health Science I Unit A ESSENTIAL STANDARD OBJECTIVE 2.00 B2 35% 2.02 B2 10% ESSENTIAL QUESTION Human body structure and function Understand the body’s use of nutrients. Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system What are the functions of blood? What are some disorders of the blood? How are blood disorders treated? What are the functions of the circulatory system? What are some disorders of the circulatory system? How are disorders of the circulatory system treated? How do you relate the body’s use of nutrients to blood and the circulatory system? Unpacked Content I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. Functions of the blood A. Transportation B. Regulation 1. Heat 2. Acid/base balance C. Protection Plasma Erythrocytes A. Erythropoiesis B. Hemolysis Leukocytes A. Agranulocytes B. Granulocytes C. Inflammation Thrombocytes Blood types A. Agglutination B. Blood reactions RH factor Blood Disorders A. Anemia B. Contusion C. Embolism D. Erythroblastosis fetalis E. Hematoma F. Hemophilia G. Leukemia H. Multiple myeloma 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 105 IX. X. XI. I. Polycythemia J. Septicemia K. Sickle cell anemia L. Thrombus Functions of the heart and blood vessels A. Pump 1. Electrical activity 2. Systemic circulation 3. Cardiopulmonary circulation B. Transportation Circulatory system disorders A. Aneurysm B. Angina pectoris C. Arrhythmias D. Coronary artery disease E. Heart failure F. Hypertension G. Murmurs H. Myocardial infarction I. Peripheral vascular disease 1. Arteriosclerosis 2. Atherosclerosis J. Pulmonary edema K. Transient ischemic attack L. Varicose veins Relevance of nutrients to the blood and circulatory system 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 106 1. 2. 3. ACTIVITIES RELEVANCY TO OBJECTIVE Functions of the Blood To facilitate discussion have the students prepare for class by reading textbook materials related to the functions and disorders of the blood before class. Distribute the handout. Present the PowerPoint presentation, slides 1 – 22. Students will complete the handout in their own words during the Power Point presentation. Facilitate discussion by having students explain relevance to health and the body’s use of nutrients. Structures and Functions of the Blood Distribute the handout. Students will complete the handout as directed. Use this handout to facilitate understanding of the blood structures. Unscramble the blood structure word and, in the students own words, explain the function of the blood structure unscramble. Use the back of the handout as necessary to document responses. Students will use the handout as a resource and study tool. Blood Types Note: This handout can be used as a classroom activity or as homework. Distribute the handout. Students will complete the Students will UNDERSTAND (B2) the functions of the blood. 7240 Health Science I RESOURCES Textbooks 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system Power Point presentation, slides 1 – 22 2.02 Functions of the Blood Handout Students will REMEMBER (A1) the structures and functions of the blood. 2.02 Structures and Functions of the Blood Handout Students will UNDERSTAND (B2) factors related to blood types. 2.02 Blood Types Summer 2012 107 ACTIVITIES 4. 5. 6. handout as directed. Facilitate discussion by reviewing the handout and having students explain their answers in their own words. Disorders of the Blood To facilitate discussion have the students prepare for class by reading textbook materials related to disorders of the blood before class. Distribute the handout. Present the PowerPoint presentation, slides 23 – 31. Students will complete the handout in their own words during the Power Point presentation. Facilitate discussion by having students compare similar characteristics of disorders of the blood. Functions of the Heart and Blood Vessels To facilitate discussion have the students prepare for class by reading textbook materials related to functions of the heart and blood vessels before class. Distribute the handout. Students will complete the handout as directed and be prepared to participate in class discussion. Present the PowerPoint presentation, slides 32 – 51. Students will make any corrections to the handout during class discussion. Electrical Activity of the Heart 7240 Health Science I RELEVANCY TO OBJECTIVE Students will UNDERSTAND (B2) disorders of the blood. RESOURCES 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system Power Point presentation, slides 23 – 31 2.02 Disorders of the Blood Handout Students will UNDERSTAND (B2) the functions of the heart and blood vessels. 2.02 Functions of the Heart and Blood Vessels Handout 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system Power Point presentation, slides 32 – 51 Students will UNDERSTAND (B2) the electrical activity of the Summer 2012 2.02 Electrical Activity of the Heart Handout 108 ACTIVITIES 7. 8. Distribute the handout. Review PowerPoint presentation, slides 38 - 39. Students will complete the handout in their own words as directed. Facilitate discussion by asking the students to: o Explain the purpose of a pacemaker and how it functions. o Explain the purpose for the physician to order an EKG. o Compare heart activity with the printed EKG. Students will use the handout as a resource and study tool. Your Pulse on Math Distribute the handout. Students will complete the handout as directed. Facilitate discussion by asking the students to share their responses with the class. Students will use the handout as a resource and study tool. Circulatory System Disorders Research Allow students to work in pairs for this activity. Students will choose a circulatory system disorder from the list on the handout or as assigned. Students will develop a poster representing the disorder they choose. Follow the HOSA 7240 Health Science I RELEVANCY TO OBJECTIVE RESOURCES heart. 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system Power Point presentation, slides 38 - 39 Students will UNDERSTAND (B2) calculating pulse in the circulatory system. 2.02 Your Pulse on Math Handout Supplies: Watch or clock with second hand Calculator Students will UNDERSTAND (B2) circulatory system disorders. 2.02 Circulatory System Disorders Research Handout Health Occupations Students of America (HOSA) Competitive Events rubrics Extemporaneous Health Poster www.hosa.org/natorg/s Summer 2012 109 ACTIVITIES RELEVANCY TO OBJECTIVE RESOURCES competitive events guidelines for Extemporaneous Health Poster. Students will present their posters to the class. The HOSA competitive events rubric for Extemporaneous Speaking will be used to grade the presentation. Students will present the disorder to the class according to the teacher’s directions. Note: The teacher will determine the amount of time allotted for the activity. 9. Circulatory System Disorders Students will UNDERSTAND Review (B2) circulatory system disorders. Distribute the handout. Present the PowerPoint presentation, slides 52 – 67, as a review. Students will record class notes and discussion in their notebooks, using their own words during the Power Point presentation. 10. 2.02 Understand the Students will UNDERSTAND functions and disorders of (B2) the circulatory system’s the circulatory system role in the use of nutrients. Assessment Distribute the assessment. Allow students the class time to complete the assessment. Grade papers and return to students as soon as possible. ectb/cat-iii/ehp.pdf 11. 2.03 Remember the structures of the lymphatic 7240 Health Science I Students will REMEMBER (A1) the structures of the Summer 2012 Extemporaneous Speaking www.hosa.org/natorg/s ectb/cat-iii/es.pdf 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system Power Point presentation, slides 52 - 65 Notebooks 2.01 Remember the structures of the circulatory system AND 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system Assessment as prepared by the teacher or as provided Textbook 110 ACTIVITIES system preparation Assign students to use their textbooks to read about the lymphatic system. Students should be given an assignment to complete to facilitate learning. Note: This could be an assignment from the materials provided or as provided by the teacher.) Review and return these materials to students prior to beginning the next objective. 7240 Health Science I RELEVANCY TO OBJECTIVE lymphatic system. RESOURCES Notebook OR Materials provided Summer 2012 111 2.02 Functions of the blood Handout Name______________ Date_______________ Directions: Complete the handout while viewing the PowerPoint presentation. Record any class discussion on the back of your paper, if necessary. Introduction to functions of the blood Transportation Regulation: Heat Acid/base balance Protection Structure Function Plasma Plasma Proteins Relevance to Health Other structures Erythrocytes Leukocytes Agranulocytes Granulocytes Thrombocytes Blood types Rh factor 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 112 2.01 Blood structures and functions Handout Name ________________ Date ________________ Directions: Unscramble the word and, in your own words, explain the function of each blood structure unscrambled. Use the back of the handout to document responses, if needed. 1. HOTMLYYCPE ___________________________________ __________________________________________________ 2. PASLMA ____________________________________ __________________________________________________ 3. IONEHIPOLS ____________________________________ __________________________________________________ 4. YOTBREHTOCM ____________________________________ __________________________________________________ 5. APLOIBHS ____________________________________ __________________________________________________ 6. RRECYOYETTH ____________________________________ __________________________________________________ 7. SLCUKEOTYE ____________________________________ __________________________________________________ 8. LTOHNREPIU ____________________________________ __________________________________________________ 9. BLAMIUN ____________________________________ __________________________________________________ 10. NHIEBMOOGL _____________________________________ __________________________________________________ 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 113 2.01 Blood structures and functions Handout KEY Name ________________ Date ________________ Directions: Unscramble the word and, in your own words, explain the function of each blood structure unscrambled. Use the back of the handout to document responses, if needed. 1. HOTMLYYCPE ___Lymphocyte________________________ A type of WBC that produces antibodies 2. PASLMA ___Plasma________________________________ The liquid portion of blood, transports, 3. IONEHIPOLS ___Eosinophil___________________________ A type of WBC that is involved in parasitic infections 4. YOTBREHTOCM __Thrombocyte______________________ A cell that helps with blood clotting 5. APLOIBHS ___Basophil______________________________ A type of WBC that secretes heparin 6. RRECYOYETTH ___Erythrocyte_______________________ A cell that carries oxygen 7. SLCUKEOTYE ___Leukocyte__________________________ A group of cells that help fight infection 8. LTOHNREPIU ___Neutrophil__________________________ A type of WBC that performs phagocytosis 9. BLAMIUN ___Albumin_________________________ __________________________________________________ 10. NHIEBMOOGL ___Hemoglobin______________________ __________________________________________________ 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 114 2.02 Blood Types Handout Name ________________ Date _________________ Directions: Fill in the chart and answer questions below. Participate in classroom discussion related to blood types. Use the completed handout as a study guide. Blood Type A Antibodies? Can donate to? Can receive from? B AB O 1. How does the Rh factor effect blood donation/receiving? ______________________________________________________________ 2. What is ertyhroblastosis fetalis? What is the cause? Who is at risk? How is it treated? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 3. What would happen if someone received the wrong blood type? The wrong Rh factor? How and why are the outcomes different? ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 4. What blood type is considered the universal recipient? Explain why. ____________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ 5. What blood type is considered the universal donor? Explain why. ___________________________________________________________ 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 115 ______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 2.02 Blood Types Name ________________ Handout KEY Date _________________ Directions: Fill in the chart and answer questions below. Participate in classroom discussion related to blood types. Use the completed handout as a study guide. Blood Type A Antibodies? Can donate to? A, AB Can receive from? A,O Yes, B B Yes, A B, AB B,O AB No AB A,B, AB,O O Yes, A and B A, B, AB and O O 1. How does the Rh factor effect blood donation/receiving? Must receive a transfusion from the same Rh factor_________________ 2. What is ertyhroblastosis fetalis? What is the cause? Who is at risk? How is it treated? Hemolytic disease of the newborn, mother’s antibodies attack infant’s RBC’s, second Rh positive baby born to an Rh negative mother, treatment aimed at prevention (Rhogam, injection given to Rh negative mothers after delivery)_________ 3. What would happen if someone received the wrong blood type? The wrong Rh factor? How and why are the outcomes different? Hemolysis, nothing, the first time antibodies are produced, antbodies against ABO blood types are already present, anti Rh antibodies develop after exposure 4. What blood type is considered the universal recipient? Explain why. AB positive because they do not have any antibodies for blood type. 5. What blood type is considered the universal donor? Explain why. 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 116 O negative because no antigens for blood type 2.02 Disorders of the Blood Handout Name ________________ Date _________________ Directions: Record notes about blood disorders while viewing the PowerPoint presentation. Record class discussion and additional notes on the back of the page. Disorder Cause Symptoms Treatment Prognosis Anemia Contusion Hematoma Embolism Thrombus Erythroblastosis fetalis Hemophilia Leukemia Multiple myeloma Polycythemia Septicemia 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 117 Sickle cell anemia 2.02 Functions of the Heart and Blood Vessels Handout Name ________________ Date _________________ Directions: Complete the table below by answering the questions in the first column. Be prepared to participate in class discussion. Make any corrections while viewing the PowerPoint presentation. Functions of the Heart and Blood Vessels Pump 1. Explain the concept of a pump. 2. How does this relate to heart function? 3. What makes the lubb-dupp sound? 4. What does blood pressure have to do with it? 5. What makes the heart work? 6. Explain the electrical activity of the heart. 7. What is an EKG? 8. What makes the pump effective? Relevance to Health Transportation 1. What does the heart transport? 2. What is involved in the transportation process? 3. How is transportation a circulatory function? 4. Explain systemic circulation and list the steps in the flow. 5. Explain cardiopulmonary circulation and list the steps in the flow. 6. How is the circulatory system related to the body’s use of nutrients? 7. What is the role of arteries Relevance to Health 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 118 in circulation? 8. What is the role of veins in circulation? 2.02 Electrical Activity of the Heart Handout (Optional) Name _________________ Date __________________ Directions: Complete this handout while viewing the PowerPoint presentation. Illustrate the conduction system of the heart and its relevance to heath. 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 119 2.02 Your Pulse on Math Handout Name _______________ Date_________________ Directions: Use this handout to calculate the following mathematical problems to solve for the pulse. 01. Jennifer has a radial pulse of 32 in 30 seconds. What is Jennifer’s pulse and how should it be recorded? Show your calculations and indicate whether or not the pulse is within normal range. 02. Xavier has an apical pulse of 100 in one minute. What is Xavier’s pulse and how should it be recorded? Show your calculations and indicate whether or not the pulse is within normal range. Also, indicate if it is appropriate to take Xavier’s pulse for one minute and why or why not. What instrument would you use to obtain an apical pulse, if any. 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 120 03. Take your own pulse. Show your calculations and indicate whether or not your pulse is within normal range. Identify the pulse site you used. 2.02 Having your pulse on math Handout Name _______________ Date_________________ Directions: Use this handout to calculate the following mathematical problems to solve for the pulse. 01. Jennifer has a radial pulse of 32 in 30 seconds. What is Jennifer’s pulse and how should it be recorded? Show your calculations and indicate whether or not the pulse is within normal range. 32 x 2 = 64 bpm P 64 Normal *(60-90 bpm normal range) 02. Xavier has an apical pulse of 100 in one minute. What is Xavier’s pulse and how should it be recorded? Show your calculations and indicate whether or not the pulse is within normal range. Also, indicate if it is appropriate to take Xavier’s pulse for one minute and why or why not. What instrument would you use to obtain an apical pulse, if any. 100 x 1= 100 P 100 apical Abnormal 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 121 To record an apical pulse, you must auscultate with a stethoscope for the full minute. The purpose is to detect any arrhythmias. 03. Take your own pulse. Show your calculations and indicate whether or not your pulse is within normal range. Identify the pulse site you used. Open-ended 2.02 Circulatory System Disorders Research Handout Name ________________ Date __________________ Directions: 1. Choose a circulatory system disorder from the list below or as assigned. 2. Follow the HOSA competitive events guidelines for Extemporaneous Health Poster to develop a poster representing the disorder that you choose. 3. Prepare a poster that demonstrates the nature of the disorder to include but not limited to: a. Summary of the condition b. Symptoms of the condition c. How the condition is diagnosed d. How the condition is treated e. What is the prognosis 4. Present your poster to the class. 5. The HOSA competitive events rubric for Extemporaneous Speaking will be used to grade your presentation. 6. Note: The teacher will determine the amount of time allotted for the activity. Circulatory System Disorders: A. Aneurysm B. Angina pectoris 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 122 C. Arrhythmias D. Arteriosclerosis E. Atherosclerosis F. Coronary artery disease G. Heart failure H. Hypertension I. Murmurs J. Myocardial infarction K. Peripheral vascular disease L. Pulmonary edema M. Transient ischemic attack N. Varicose veins 2.02 Prototype Assessment Items Note: These items illustrate the types of items used in the item bank for this objective. All items have been written to match the cognitive process of the understand verb in the objective. Questions require students to interpret, summarize or explain safety procedures. These exact questions will not be used on the secured test, but questions in similar formats will be used. These assessment items may be used as prototypes by teachers and students to generate similar items to comprise formative assessments for you classroom. This strategy is especially helpful during the field test year when classroom item banks are not available. Results of formative assessment should be used to diagnose levels of mastery, determine if re-teaching is needed, and guide further instruction. 1. Addison complained of ringing in her ears, not feeling right, and a severe headache. Her blood pressure was 160/90. Addison was diagnosed as having: A. aneurysm. B. hypertension. C. hypotension. D. myocardial infarct. B 2. Megan spends long periods of time standing to perform her nursing job. She experiences night cramps and pain in her feet and ankles. On inspection, she 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 123 noticed swollen and distended veins in her lower extremities. Megan was diagnosed with: A. embolism. B. peripheral vascular disease. C. thrombosis. D. varicose veins. D 3. Lucas inherited a bleeding disorder causing him excessive bleeding after an injury. To treat his disorder, the physician prescribed administration of clotting factor. Lucas has: A. anemia. B. hemophilia. C. leukemia. D. thrombocytopenia. B 7240 Health Science I Summer 2012 124