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The Circulatory System Mrs. Queck 7th Grade Where the Heart is located Circulatory or Cardiovascular System ► Circulatory System – Keeps the body working by delivering oxygen to body cells and removing waste (Co2) from the cells. Delivering Removing Parts of the Circulatory System ► The Heart - is divided into FOUR Chambers Two types of Arteries ► Arteries start with A takes blood away !! ► Aorta – Largest blood vessel in the heart ► Pulmonary Artery – Carries blood containing carbon dioxide from your heart to your lungs Three Types of Veins ► Veins start with V brings blood back to me 1. Inferior Vena Cava – Where the blood enters the heart from the body. 2. Superior Vena Cava – Where the blood enters the heart from the body. 3. Pulmonary Vein – Carries blood-containing oxygen from your lungs to your heart. Three Kinds of Blood Vessels ► Arteries – Carries blood away from the heart ► Veins – Carries blood back to the heart ► Capillaries – Delivers low-oxygen blood to veins (Smallest) Parts of the Blood ► Red Blood Cells – Made in bone marrow; carries oxygen, food, and rids body of CO2 and Waste ► White Blood Cells – Help fight disease and infection by destroying bacteria and germs that enter the body. Made in the lymph nodes Parts of the Blood ► Platelets – Help blood to clot, to prevent excess bleeding. ► Plasma – Water portion of the blood; 55% of blood is plasma Four Types of Blood ► Type A: 42% ► Type B: 10% ► Type AB: 3% ► Type O: 45% ► RH Factor = is the Accepts A and O Accepts B and O Accepts AB and O Universal Donor + and – of the blood Four Filters of the Blood 1. Liver 2. Kidneys 3. Lymph Nodes – located in the neck 4. Spleen – Cemetery for the red blood cells Blood Disorders Blood Pressure: (Hypertension) The force or pressure developed by the heart, which acts to pump blood through the circulatory system. Blood Pressure Two Distinct pressures that are measured!! Systolic: A measure of the maximum force or pressure developed in the arteries when the heart contracts Diastolic: A measure of the lowest pressure, which occur in the arteries during cardiac relaxation. Blood Pressure ► Sphygmomanometer: An instrument used to measure blood pressure. ► Stethoscope: An instrument used to listen to the sounds of the heart, or listen to the flow of blood through the vessels when measuring the blood pressure. Arteriosclerosis ► Arteriosclerosis: Artery walls harden; caused by a diet high in fat and cholesterol. ► Causes: Smoking Diabetes High Blood Pressure High Cholesterol Overweight Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System ► Heart Attack: Stoppage in the flow of blood to the heart. ► Prevention: Reduce Stress Change Diet to less intake of Sodium (Salt) Eat less foods high in fat and cholesterol Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System ► Anemia: Lack of red blood cells or cells that do not carry enough oxygen; may cause weakness and low energy levels. ► Prevention: Eat foods that are rich in Iron Treatment: Rest Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System ► Mononucleosis: A viral infection; with symptoms of sore throat, swollen glands and fatigue. ► Prevention: Avoid human saliva ► Treatment: Bed Rest Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System ► Leukemia: Abnormal white blood cells In time they may crowd out normal white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System ► Stroke: Happens when a cluster of blood cells blocks blood vessels in the brain. ► Stroke Stroke is a “Brain Attack” Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System ► Prevention: Don’t Smoke Drink in moderation (21) Get cholesterol checked Exercise 30 minutes daily Consume a low fat diet ► Treatment: Medication Rehabilitation Diseases and Disorders of the Circulatory System ► Hemophilia: Blood does not clot properly ► Prevention: No prevention, you are born a hemophiliac ► Treatment: Transfusions of blood clotting factors.