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NAME:
WORKSHEET: ROCKS & THE ROCK CYCLE
1.
There are four stages in the formation of sedimentary rocks. Place each stage in the
correct order.
CEMENTING AND COMPRESSING
DEPOSITION (SETTLING)
WEATHERING
EROSION
2.
(A)
List the following sediments in the order in which they would settle in water
which has been vigorously shaken in a jar.
COARSE SAND
CLAY
FINE SAND
GRAVEL
(B)
Suppose you found sediments that had been
deposited at sites A, B and C as shown in the
diagram below. Identify which site would
have gravel, which has sand and which has
mud.
A
B
C
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3.
Many buildings were once built from stone. Explain why different materials are usually
used today.
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4.
Identify and explain which type of rock that would be most suitable for building a small
bridge across a stream.
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5.
Identify this rock. It is a sedimentary rock that is made up of very small grains cemented
together. It does not react with acid. It has a smooth feel and no layers are visible.
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6.
Explain why continents do not disappear as they are continually worn down by
weathering and erosion.
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7.
Sandstone and quartzite are both made of the mineral silicon dioxide (sand), but quartzite
does not weather as quickly as sandstone. Explain.
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8.
Mary found a cliff face – with four different layers as shown
(A)
Suggest why the sediments in the layers
are different sizes and colours
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(B)
Identify the layer most likely to have formed during a period of floods. Explain
your inference.
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(C)
Identify the layer most likely to have formed when the area was swampy. Explain
your inference.
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9.
Complete the table below.
Before Metamorphism
After Metamorphism
Limestone
Quartzite
Shale
11.
Read the passage below.
(A)
Using what you have learnt, explain how The Three Sisters were formed.
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(B)
Describe the differences between your explanation and the Aboriginal explanation.
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10.
The table below shows the composition of some common sedimentary rocks
CONSTITUENT PARTICLES
Boulders, cobbles and pebbles
Sand
Silt
Clay sized
GRAIN SIZE
>2 mm
>2 mm
Up to 2 mm
Up to 1/16 mm
< 1/256 mm
ROCK
Conglomerate (when rounded)
Breccia (when angular)
Sandstone
Siltstone
Shale
The diagrams below show a magnified view of four sedimentary rocks.
Identify each rock using the table.
Rock A
Rock B
Rock C
Rock D
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NAME: SOLUTION
WORKSHEET: ROCKS & THE ROCK CYCLE
1.
There are four stages in the formation of sedimentary rocks. Place each stage in the
correct order.
CEMENTING AND COMPRESSING
DEPOSITION (SETTLING)
WEATHERING
EROSION
2.
(A)
List the following sediments in the order in which they would settle in water
which has been vigorously shaken in a jar.
COARSE SAND
CLAY
FINE SAND
GRAVEL
(B)
(4)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(4)
(3)
(1)
Suppose you found sediments that had been
deposited at sites A, B and C as shown in the
diagram below. Identify which site would
have gravel, which has sand and which has
mud.
A
B
C
Gravel
Sand
Mud
3.
Many buildings were once built from stone. Explain why different materials are usually
used today.
Different materials are used today because they are stronger and not as affected by
weathering and erosion as stone.
4.
Identify and explain which type of rock that would be most suitable for building a small
bridge across a stream
The bridge should be built from a metamorphic rock because this type of rock is quite
strong and not as easily weathered and eroded as other types.
5.
Identify this rock. It is a sedimentary rock that is made up of very small grains cemented
together. It does not react with acid. It has a smooth feel and no layers are visible.
Shale
6.
Explain why continents do not disappear as they are continually worn down by
weathering and erosion.
Continents do not disappear but their shape changes. Also new rock is formed when
magma makes it way up from the mantle to the surface of the Earth.
7.
Sandstone and quartzite are both made of the mineral silicon dioxide (sand), but quartzite
does not weather as quickly as sandstone. Explain.
Sandstone is a sedimentary rock. When it is exposed to extreme heat and pressure it is
changed into quartzite, a metamorphic rock. Therefore quartzite does not weather as
quickly as sandstone.
8.
Mary found a cliff face – with four different layers as shown
(A)
Suggest why the sediments in the layers
are different sizes and colours
The sediments are different sizes and
colours because they came from different
places at different times and were formed
by different methods of erosion.
(B)
Identify the layer most likely to have
formed during a period of floods. Explain
your inference.
The layer formed during a flood is
probably conglomerate because large
particles need fast-flowing water to carry
them.
(C)
9.
Identify the layer most likely to have formed when the area was swampy. Explain
your inference.
The layer likely to have been formed in a swamp is shale because it is made from
very fine particles that are deposited slowly.
Complete the table below.
Before Metamorphism
After Metamorphism
Limestone
Marble
Sandstone
Quartzite
Shale
Slate
11.
Read the passage below.
(A)
Using what you have learnt, explain how The Three Sisters were formed.
The Three Sisters are made of sandstone. The area was once and ocean or sea.
The sediments that were weathered and eroded were cemented together over time.
As the sea evaporated (or rock was pushed up) the sandstone was exposed to the
air. Over time wind and water has weathered and eroded the sandstone rock.
Those sections that were not as well cemented together were more easily eroded
than other sections creating the formation known today as the Three Sisters.
(B)
Describe the differences between your explanation and the Aboriginal explanation.
The Aboriginal explanation is based on a legend whereas my explanation is based
on scientific evidence.
10.
The table below shows the composition of some common sedimentary rocks
CONSTITUENT PARTICLES
Boulders, cobbles and pebbles
Sand
Silt
Clay sized
GRAIN SIZE
>2 mm
>2 mm
Up to 2 mm
Up to 1/16 mm
< 1/256 mm
ROCK
Conglomerate (when rounded)
Breccia (when angular)
Sandstone
Siltstone
Shale
The diagrams below show a magnified view of four sedimentary rocks.
Identify each rock using the table.
Rock A
Rock B
Rock C
Rock D
Siltstone
Sandstone
Breccia
Conglomerate