Download Nutrition and Digestion (5 points) What is the purpose of each of the

Nutrition and Digestion
1. (5 points) What is the purpose of each of the following types of molecules in
nutrition?
a. Protein
b. Carbohydrates
c. Fats (lipids)
d. Vitamins
e. Minerals
2. (4 points) Identify a potential food source that would include each of the
following vitamins and minerals
a. B vitamins
b. Vitamin D
c. Vitamin E
d. Vitamin C
e. Vitamin A
f. Iron
g. Calcium
h. Potassium
3. (3 points)
4. (9 points) Match the structure with the correct function.
A. Appendix
J. Liver
B. Cecum
K. Oral cavity
C. Duodenum
L. Pancreas
D. Epiglottis
M. Pharynx
E. Esophagus
N. Rectum
F. Gall bladder
O. Salivary glands
G. Ileum
P. Stomach
H. Jejunum
Q. Teeth
I. Large intestine
R. Tongue
______ Cut, tear, and grind food
______ Receives food; site of first step in carbohydrate digestion
______ Moves food around mouth; aids in swallowing
______ Produce saliva; contains salivary amylase that begins carbohydrate
digestion
______ Throat; intersection that leads to esophagus and windpipe
______ Cartilaginous flap that covers the opening to the windpipe during
swallowing
______ Conducts food from the pharynx down to the stomach
______ Receives food from esophagus; stores ingested food; puts food in
solution; site of first step in protein digestion
______ First part of the small intestine; site of most of the steps in digestion
of food
______ Second part of small intestine; site of absorption of digested food
______ Last part of small intestine; site of absorption; connects to the large
intestine
______ Rounded sac that receives material from the ileum; first part of large
intestine
______ Fingerlike extension from the cecum; lymphoid tissue in the wall
makes minor contribution to body defense
______ Reabsorbs water; forms feces
______ Terminal portion of the colon that stores feces until they are
eliminated
______ Produces bile; stores glycogen, lipids, and iron reserves; inactivates
toxins
______ Stores and modifies bile
______ Produces digestive enzymes (lipases, carbohydrates, & proteases);
islets produce insulin and glucagons
5.
(1 point) Explain the role of muscle contractions in moving food from the
mouth to the stomach.
6. (1 point)What is an enzyme? What role do enzymes play in digestion?
7. (3 points) Match the type of macro-molecule to the location it is broken down
and the enzyme that is used.
C. Carbohydrate
F. Fat (Lipids)
P. Protein
______ Stomach, using Pepsin
______ In the small intestine, using bile and lipase
______ in the mouth, using amylase
______ In the lumen of the small intestine, using pancreatic amylases
______ In the epithelium (brush boarder) of the small intestine, using disaccharidases
______ In the epithelium (brush boarder) of the small intestine, using dipeptidases
8. (1 points) Most enzymes do not work well under acidic conditions, explain
how pepsin is an exception to this rule?
9. (1 point) Explain the relationship between the villi of the small intestine and
the absorption of nutrients?
10. (1 point) What is the primary role of the large intestine?
11. (1 point) Why is it a good thing that you have billions of bacteria living in
your large intestine?