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Name_________________________________________________________________________ Chapter 9: The Greek World Section 2: Sparta and Athens Big Idea The two most powerful city-‐states in Greece, Sparta and Athens, had very different cultures and became bitter enemies in the 400s BC Main Ideas: 1. The Spartans built a military society to provide security and protection 2. The Athenians admired the mind and the arts in addition to physical abilities 3. Sparta and Athens fought over who should have power and influence in Greece Spartans Build a Military Society Questions: 1) Why did Lycurgus create such a military-dominated social system? After a slave revolt, Lycurgus wanted to discourage another revolt by increasing the military’s role in society 2) What happened if a baby boy was born unhealthy? It was taken outside of the city and left to die 3) What were the main values of Spartan men and what evidence do you have to support your claim? Answers vary Strength – jumped, threw javelins, and swam to increase strength. 4) In a society organized such as Sparta was, why might women have more rights and responsibilities than in a society organized such as Athens was? While the boys and young men in Sparta were away from home serving as soldiers, women filled the roles, such as property owners and heads of households, that men filled in other societies Reading Check: What was the most important element of Spartan society? The military Athens Admire the Mind Questions: 1) What were Athenian girls taught? To weave and sew, care for the home 2) What was the basic difference between life in Sparta and life in Athens? Sparta – focused on and organized around the military, so all training and education supported the military Athens – thought that the mind and the body should be trained, so education, clear thinking, and the arts were valued 3) Considering only Athens and Sparta, in which city-state would you rather have lived? Answers vary Reading Check: Why did girls in Athens receive little education? Because men didn’t think women needed education Sparta and Athens Fight Vocabulary 1) alliance – an agreement to work together Key Ideas 1) Peloponnesian War – a war between Athens and Sparta that threatened to tear all of Greece apart Questions: 1) What happened to the Delian League? Athens increased its influence over the other city-states in the league, began to treat other members unfairly, and used the league’s money to benefit Athens. The league became an Athenian empire Reading Check: What happened to Greece after the Pelopennesian War? Sparta became the most powerful city-state in Greece Assessment: Compare and contrast Athens and Sparta. Athens - Military: limited service Both - Boys were trained to fight Sparta - Military: main element in society - Education: wealthy boys given education - Both had an alliance against the Persians - Education: limited to basics - Women: few rights and not educated - Women: had rights, owned land, trained physically