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HIS 151: U. S. History to Reconstruction Prof. C. Newman CIVIL WAR "Anaconda Plan" General Winfield Scott "In detail" Maneuver Blockade--Recognition/Neutrality FIRST BULL RUN (JULY 20, 1861) ( Brigadier General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson CSA ( General Joseph Johnston ( General P. G. T. Beauregard Union: General Irwin McDowell--Army of the Potomac 24 July 1861--General George B. McClellan ("Little Mac") FORT HENRY (FEBRUARY 6, 1862) AND FORT DONELSON (FEBRUARY 13) CSA Albert Sidney Johnston Union General Ulysses S. Grant (General Halleck) Commodore Andrew H. Foote Riverine Operations--Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers Nashville; Johnston Back to Memphis-Chattanooga SHILOH (APRIL 6-7 1862) Pittsburgh Landing--Lew Wallace reinforcements Johnston KIA; PGT Beauregard retreats to Corinth, Mississippi NEW ORLEANS (APRIL 25, 1862) Admiral Farragut--General Ben Butler PENINSULAR CAMPAIGN (MARCH--JULY, 1862) Fair Oaks-- May 31, 1862 7 Days Battles--June 25-July 1, 1862 Joseph Johnston vs. McClellan "If General McClellan isn't using his army, perhaps I could borrow it" 1 HIS 151: U. S. History to Reconstruction Prof. C. Newman SECOND BULL RUN (AUGUST 29-30, 1862) General Robert E. Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia Union--General John Pope : "My headquarters are in the saddle" Lee divides Stonewall Jackson's corps, catches Pope between Lee and Jackson; September 1, 1862--McClellan back in command of Army of Potomac ANTIETAM (SHARPSBURG) MD. (SEPTEMBER 17, 1862) McClellan moves!!! "I thought I knew McClellan, but this movement of his puzzles me." Stonewall Jackson CSA--10,700 casualties; Union--12,400. Lee holds his position, but his advance into the Union is checked; McClellan declines to renew his attack on September 18; Lee returns to Virginia that night. EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION (EFFECTIVE January 1, 1863) FREDERICKSBURG (DECEMBER 13, 1862) Union General Burnside orders attacks on fortified Confederate positions in "columns of regiments" six successive times. CHANCELLORSVILLE (MAY 2, 1863) Union General Joseph Hooker is defeated by (1) Stonewall Jackson's surprise attack; and 2) his own mental collapse. Stonewall KIA by friendly fire GETTYSBURG (JULY 1--4, 1863) Pickett's Charge General Amistead and the Confederate "high water mark" Union General George Gordon Meade does not pursue Lee's retreat VICKSBURG (JULY 4, 1863) General Grant and Admiral Porter sever the last Confederate link across the Mississippi "The Father of Waters flows unvexed to the sea." 2 HIS 151: U. S. History to Reconstruction Prof. C. Newman CHATTANOOGA (NOVEMBER 22-23, 1863) No generals at Missionary Ridge ATLANTA William Tecumseh Sherman leaves Chattanooga May 5, 1864--Joe Johnston maneuvers to slow his advance but does not offer (hopeless) battle. Johnston is replaced July 17, 1864 by John Bell Hood who attacks Sherman and is soundly beaten, throwing the way to Atlanta completely open. Atlanta is burned by its populace and taken September 1, 1864. WILDERNESS CAMPAIGN (MAY 4--JUNE 18, 1864 AND BEYOND) Grant is appointed General in Chief of all Union armies March 9, 1864; he makes and maintains contact with the Army of Northern Virginia intending to destroy that army and not to take territory JUBAL EARLY'S RAID (JULY 2-11, 1864) Terrorizes the North but otherwise accomplishes nothing 1864 ELECTIONS Lincoln and Andrew Johnson run against McClellan as a "Peace Democrat" SHERMAN'S MARCH TO THE SEA THROUGH GEORGIA (OCTOBER 17, 1864--DECEMBER 10, 1864) Savannah buys him off RICHMOND TAKEN--APRIL 3, 1865 APPOMATOX--APRIL 9, 1865 Army of Northern Virginia officially surrenders--April 12 Joe Johnston surrenders--April 26, 1865 Jefferson Davis captured--May 10, 1865 Trans-Mississippi surrenders--May 26, 1865 CSS Shenandoah surrenders--November 6, 1865 3