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The Rise of Islam
(pages 304-309)
Origins of Islam/Muhammad as Prophet
The religion of Islam emerged on the ______________________________ peninsula.
__________________________ was born in the town of Mecca around 570 CE. At the time,
many Arabs came to pray at the Kaaba, a temple that housed pagan gods and
goddesses. Muhammad worked as a shepherd among the ______________________,
nomadic herders who moved their animals through the desert. When he was about
40 years old, he heard the angel Gabriel calling him to be the messenger of God. His
wife Khadija, encouraged him to “submit to God,” an Arabic phrase meaning
_____________. Muhammad devoted his life to spreading Islam and urged Arabs to
submit to _________________, the one true God.
In 622, Muhammad was threatened with murder by Arab merchants because of his
rejection of traditional gods. He and his followers traveled to Yathrib, which was
renamed _________________________, or “City of the Prophet.” This journey (hijra) was a
turning point when converts became a community of united, peaceful Muslims
called ______________. Eventually, Muhammad returned to ___________________ (630) and
rededicated the Kaaba to __________________ instead of the pagan gods.
Teaching of Islam/The Five Pillars
The _______________________ (sacred text of Islam) teaches that God is all-powerful and
compassionate and has sent prophets (Abraham, Moses, Jesus). However, the last
and greatest prophet is _____________________________, who revealed the sacred word of
God, written in the _______________________ language in the Quran. The Quran teaches
about God’s will and provides a guide to life. It includes ethical standards, harsh
penalties and a final ___________________________ day.
All observant Muslims must perform 5 basic duties known as the Five
__________________________________. The 1st is to make a declaration of ________________
(Shahadah). The 2nd (Salah) is to pray five times a day facing ____________________;
most times in a Muslim house of worship called a ____________________. The 3rd pillar
(Zakat) is to give ______________________ to the poor, and the 4th is to fast from sunrise
to sunset during the holy month of __________________________ (Sawm). The
_________________, or pilgrimage to Mecca, is the 5th pillar. Another personal duty is
___________________ or struggle in God’s service. While this may also be interpreted as a
holy war, it may only be declared by a community, not a small group or individual.
Islam: A Way of Life/The Quran
Islam is both a religion and way of life. Muslim scholars developed ___________________,
a body of law that interprets the _______________________, provides examples of behavior
of ____________________________’s life and focuses on Muslim traditions. Sharia Law
applies ________________________ principles to all legal situations and regulates moral
conduct, family life, business practices and _________________________.
Before Islam, Arab women had limited rights, could not inherit ______________________,
and had to obey a _________________ guardian. Islam extended rights to women,
affirmed the _______________________ equality of all Muslims and encouraged education
for both men and women.
However, under Islam, men and women had different roles and rights. Women
inherited less than men, had a more difficult time getting a ____________________, were
expected to ________________ themselves in public and were ___________________________ in
a separate part of the home.