Download Chapter 12.1 ppt - Carman

Chapter 12.1: 2 Golden Ages of China
Tang and
Song Dynasties
Vocab
Gentry 1
pagoda 1
Kublai Khan 2
archipelago 4
Tsunami 4
dowry 1
Marco Polo 2
Steppe 2
Bushido 4
Samurai 4
Objective: Tang, Song Dynasty’s
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
How the Tang (tahng) Dynasty reunified China.
Contributions of the Tang, Song (sung) Dynasty’s.
The Chinese influence in the regions.
The status of women.
The extreme orderliness of Chinese society.
Communism is a perfect fit there today.
6. Little feet are not attractive.
7. Why? China is a world power and
nd
has contributed to world knowledge:
inventions, philosophy
Focus Q: Jan. 4
• Read the top of page 370
• Describe 4 examples of the
technology from the Tang and Song
Dynasty’s.
FQ: Dec. 18
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
What do you know about China?
What continent is China on?
What countries are near China?
Large cities?
What do you know about Chinese
culture?
6. Chinese inventions?
•
•
•
•
•
Main wall 2145 + 1770 miles long
Not 1 wall; 31,070 miles (all walls)
Needed for protection
began in 260 B.C.
Most of what remains is from
Ming Dynasty 1368-1644
1 of 5 communist countries
Demand conformity
Fewer individual rights
Bravo, Tank Man! 
Saltpeter
Sulfur
= gunpower
charcoal
China’s Provinces
Geography?
Beijing
Highlights of Tang and Song Dynasties
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Develop smallpox vaccine
Most
useful?
Invent spinning wheel
Use arches for bridges
Invent gunpowder—used in fireworks 1st
First to use a cannon
Invent sunglasses
Magnetic compass
Highlights of Tang and Song Dynasties
8. Small bombs, grenades, cannons
9. Discovered the cause of diabetes
Tang (tahng) Dynasty (618 to 907 A.D.)
1. 1st Tang emperor—Li Yuan
2. Son, Tang Taizong, becomes China’s most
admired emperor
3. Conqueror parts of Central Asia
4. ***make Tibet, Korea, Vietnam tributary
states***
–Had to acknowledge China’s supremacy
and send tribute
What country?
Tibet
Tang Dynasty: govt grows
• Restored the Han system of uniform govt
throughout China
1. Rebuilt bureaucracy, enlarged civil
service system
2. Schools to train men to take CS
exams
3. Flexible new law code
Tang Dynasty: economy grows
***Make land reforms which strengthens
central govt***
1. Take land (power) from large landowners,
redistribute to peasants
2. Weakens large landowners
3. Increase revenue—peasants pay taxes
Who benefits the most? Why?
= (China)
Tang Dynasty Declines
1. Lose territory in Central Asia to Arabs
Corruption, high taxes
Drought, famine, rebellions
Song (sung) Dynasty
1. Economy expands b/c of improved farming
methods, open border policy
2. Open border allowed new types of rice to
be imported from SE Asia
3. Grow 2 crops/year—rice and a cash crop
***New farming methods create food
surplus*** others can pursue arts, learning,
trade
Rice Cultivation Began Under the
Song
China’s Ordered Society
***2 main social classes were peasants
and the gentry***
1. Gentry
2. Peasants
3. Merchants
Any questions? Comments?
Gentry
1. Scholars, govt officials came from this
wealthy landowning class
2.
3.
Could afford years of study for very difficult civil service exams
Value learning over physical labor
4. Support Confucian thinking
–Social order should be based on rank, duty,
proper behavior
Peasants
1.
2.
3.
4.
Most Chinese were peasants—poor farmers
Live in small, self-sufficient villages
Rely on each other, not govt
Could move up w/education and govt
service
5. Slaves could not move up
Merchants
1. Have lower status than peasants b/c
their wealth comes from the labor of
others
2. How does that compare to Muslim
merchants? Why?
Status of Women
1. Women have higher status than later
2. Wu Zhao—only female empress
***married women often manage
servants and family finances***
3. Boys still valued more than women
Status of Women
Marriage
1. Become part of husband’s family
2. Couldn’t keep her dowry:
***Payment woman brings to marriage***
3. Could never remarry
4. Foot binding—symbol of nobility, beauty
– Extremely painful, many couldn’t walk w/o help
• What group didn’t get feet bound?
Chinese Architecture
***Pagoda: multistoried temple with
eaves that curve up at the corners***
China as % of World Population
Top 10 Populated Nations
0
500
1000
Millions
0
1500
China
India
India
China
US
US
Indonesia
Pakistan
Brazil
Indonesia
Russia
Nigeria
Pakistan
Bangladesh
Bangladesh
Brazil
Japan
Congo
Nigeria
Ethiopia
2001
500
2050
1000
1500
The Population of China
1600
thousands
2050
1400
2000
1995
1200
1000
1981
800
1970
600
1953
1949
1851
1911
18121887
400
200
0
2
105
0
755
500
1210
1083
1000
1381
1562 1650
1500
1753
2000
The Great Wall of China
China vs. the U. S. in Size
China
0
250
500
1,000
1,500
Miles
2,000
United States
SOURCE: Topic 5: “The Awakening Giant” by Dr. Jean-Paul Rodrigue, Dept. of Economics &
Geography, Hofstra University.
Comparing China & the U. S.
China
United States
Size
3.7 million square
miles
3.6 million square
miles
Main physical
barrier
Himalayas
Rockies
Main River
Yangtze / East West
Mississippi / North
– South
Population
East Coast
East Coast
Connectivity
problems
North - South
East - West
China—Asia’s Superpower
Bodies of Water
Sea of
Japan
Pacific
Ocean
South
China
Sea
Deserts & Plateaus
Gobi Desert
Taklamakan
Desert
Tibetan
Plateau
Countries & Regions
Russia
Mongolia
N. Korea
S> Korea
Tibet
Indian
Subcontinent
Taiwan
Southeast
Asia
Philippines
Japan
Cities
Harbin
BEIJING
Lhasa
Nanjing
Shanghai
Xi’an
Taipei
Guangzhou
Macao
Hong
Kong
Pacific “Rim of Fire”
Creative side—foot binding
• Write a poem about foot binding that
describes the experience from a women’s
point of view.
• Consider:
social attitudes towards this practice
the pain that women experienced