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INTERNAL FORCES OF THE EARTH 4 layers of earth 1-crust Where people live; continents stuck into crust 2-mantle “hot liquid rock-magma”; like hot caramel 3-outer core 4-inner core PLATE TECTONICS Crust is divided into stiff, moving plates RING OF FIRE AREA IN PACIFIC WHERE PLATE IS THINNER MORE EARTHQUAKES & VOLCANOES VOLCANOEHTTP://WWW.VOLCANO.SI.EDU/WORLD/REGION.CFM?RNUM=13S BY REGION 3-MIDDLE OF PLATE LESS INTERNAL FORCES—HEAT & PRESSURE MORE EXTERNAL FORCES-WIND & WATER EXAMPLE OF SPREADING-- Plate A Plate B Mid Oceanic Ridge “underwate Volcano” Sea floor spreads PLATE MOVEMENT FOLDING PLATES COLLIDING 2 FAULT- PLATE CRACKS & MOVES TRENCH CREATION—SUBDUCTION SMALLER PLATE GOES UP/BIG PLATE GOES DOWN TRANSFORM—PLATES SLIDE PAST EARTHQUAKE ZONES PLATES SLIDE PAST EACH OTHER RESULTS OF INTERNAL FORCES Types of landforms created What do they look like? Mountains, valleys, volcanoes, islands Higher, jagged, steep slopes Primary landforms Created by heat & pressure, plate movement EXTERNAL FORCES Rock weathering Water -breaks rock down Transports rock WIND Transports rocks & minerals Breaks down rocks (2 rocks run into each other0 Creates sand dunes GLACIERS Heavy ice Flattens land Picks up sediment Leaves some parts behind as it moves Creates: Plains Fertile land Carves out rivers Leaves ice that will melt to become lakes RESULTS OF EXTERNAL FORCES TYPES OF LANDFORMS LOOK LIKE? Plains, plateaus, alluvial fans, deltas, Lower in elevation, rounded, smaller SECONDARY Created by external forces like wind, water, glaciers CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY PANGAEA Evidence #1 -Jigsaw Puzzle All continents Seem to fit together EVIDENCE 2-fossil remains EVIDENCE #3-SEA FLOOR SPREADING HTTP://WWW.TECTONICS.CALTECH.EDU/OUTREA CH/ANIMATIONS/DRIFT.HTML Sea floor spreading
