Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Aggressors on the March Final Years before WWII Japan’s Democracy • 1920s Japans signed agreements to not use war as a policy tool • But Japan’s gov. had little control over the military • When the Great Depression hit the Government was blamed and military leaders took control of the nation • Unlike, Other totalitarian leaders (Stalin, Hitler or Mussolini), Japanese did not want a new system of government instead they wanted control to go back into the hands of the Emperor Like other Totalitarian systems • Ultra-Nationalistic • Militaristic • Wanted to conquer neighbors (China) to end economic crisis • Wanted room for the Japanese people at the expense of others Invasion of Manchuria (China’s Northeastern Province) • Rich in Coal and Iron • 1931, Japans Military occupied the province and set up a Puppet Government • League of Nations protested this violation of international peace but did nothing to stop Japan • 1933 Japan withdrawals from the League of Nations Japan invades China • On the boarder of Manchuria and China shot are fired between the Japanese Army and the “Chinese” Army (it was faked by the Japanese Army to start the war) • China’s large army was no match for the better trained and equipped Japanese forces • The Chinese civil war between the nationalist and the communists is put on hold as all of China unites to fight the Japanese. • In less than 6 months Beijing and Nanking are captured by Japan • The Rape of Nanking, where 300,000 to 600,000 civilians were killed by the Japanese Army for fun Mussolini attacks Ethiopia • Why? revenge for Italy’s loss in the 1889 and to build an empire • Ethiopian army is no match for Italian tanks, airplanes and poison gas • Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia, asks League of Nations for help • League does next to nothing, Selassie warns “It is us today. It will be you tomorrow.” Hitler Defies Versailles Treaty • 1935 announces that Germany is rebuilding Armed Forces • 1936 German Troops occupy the Rhineland – part of Germany – but demilitarized after WWI – buffer zone between Germany/France • Scared of starting a world war France does nothing • 1936, Hitler, Mussolini and Japan form an alliance called the Axis. This what these nations will be called in WWII Civil War in Spain • Nationalist (Fascists) under General Francisco Franco rebels against the Republicans (Liberals and Socialists) • Germany and Italy send airplanes and soldiers to help Franco and test new weapons. • France, the UK, and the US do nothing to support the Republicans. • Only the Soviet Union sends equipment and advisors. • Franco wins. Rules until 1975. United States Isolates itself from the World • Many in the US argued that it was a mistake to enter WWI • Passed 3 Neutrality Acts that banned loaning or selling weapons to nations at war Hitler creates a Greater Germany (the Third Reich) • 1938, Anschluss – Openly breaking the Versailles Treaty – Hitler orders German troops into Austria – absorbs the nation into Germany • 1938, Demands that Czechoslovakia give up the Sudetenland – many natural resources – most of Czechoslovakia’s military bases – populated by 3 million German speaking people • Czechs refuse and ask their ally France for help Appeasement and the Munich Conference • Britain and France were preparing for war when Mussolini called for a meeting to settle the issue • Britain, France, Italy and Germany met in Munich to decide the fate of Czechoslovakia – the Czechs were not invited • British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain – believed that by giving in to Hitler world war would be avoided – this policy is called appeasement • Hitler promises to be satisfied with the Sudetenland • In less than six months Hitler occupies the rest of Czechoslovakia Mussolini takes Albania • Jealous that Hitler has gain so much without firing a shot • Kicks out King Zog of Albania (one of the poorest nations in Europe), part of Italy • Hitler continues his push for a greater Germany and claims the port city of Memel from Lithuania • Cancels nonaggression pact he had with Poland Poland… • Hitler, encouraged by all his success without war eyes Poland as his next conquest. • But Invading Poland would anger the Soviet Union and might even risk war. • Hitler is confident that France and Britain would do nothing like before Nazis and Soviets at Peace???? • In August of 1939, Hitler and Stalin sign a public nonaggression pact promising not to attack one another. Secretly: • Poland is divided between the two. • Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Finland are given to the Soviet Union for future conquest • Germany gives USSR plans for naval vessels, subs, airplane engines • USSR will supply Germany with many raw goodsb