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NOUNS
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Collective Noun
 A collective noun is a noun naming a group of things,
animals, or persons. You could count the individual
members of the group, but you usually think of the group
as a whole is generally as one unit. A collective noun is
similar to a non-countable noun, and is roughly the
opposite of a countable noun.
 Examples:
- The flock of geese looks beautiful.
- The steering committee meets every Sunday in the
meeting room.
- The jury is dining on fast food restaurant tonight.
Possessive Noun
 In the possessive case, a noun or pronoun changes its
form to show that it owns or is closely related to
something else. Usually, nouns become possessive by
adding a combination of an apostrophe and the letter "s."
1. You can form the possessive case of a singular noun
that does not end in "s" by adding an apostrophe and "s,
2. You can form the possessive case of a singular noun
that ends in "s" by adding an apostrophe alone or by
adding an apostrophe and "s,
3. You can form the possessive case of a plural noun that
does not end in "s" by adding an apostrophe and a "s,"
4. You can form the possessive case of a plural noun that
does end in "s" by adding an apostrophe
WHAT ARE NOUNS?
 Naming words.
 Name: people, places and objects.
Can also name ideas, emotions, qualities
and activities.
Examples of nouns:
 Peter, Elizabeth, driver, sister, friend.
 Bristol, Severn, Brazil, pen, dog, money.
 Love, beauty, industry, nature, greed,
pain.
Types of Nouns and How They Relate.
proper
nouns
abstract
countable
concrete
common
abstract
uncountable
concrete
Proper nouns
Start with capital letters.
Names of people, places, times,
organisations etc.
Refer to unique individuals.
Most are not found in the dictionary.
Often occur in pairs or groups.
Common nouns
All nouns which are not proper nouns
are common nouns.
Examples: cup, art, paper, work, frog,
bicycle, atom, family, mind.
Common nouns are either countable or
uncountable.
Countable nouns
To Tests countable nouns:
can be made plural: a tree… two trees; a
man… men; a pony… ponies.
In the singular, they may have the
determiner a or an: a sausage; an
asterisk.
We ask: How many tables/chairs?
We say: A few minutes/friends?
Uncountable nouns
To Tests uncountable nouns:
cannot be made plural.
We cannot say: two funs, three advices or
five furnitures.
We never use a or an with them.
We ask: How much money/time/milk?
(Not How many?)
We say: A little help/effort. (Not A
few.)
Dual category nouns
 Some nouns may be countable or
uncountable, depending on how we use
them.
Examples:
 We buy a box of chocolates (countable) or
a bar of chocolate (uncountable).
 We ask: How much time? but How many
times? (where times = occasions).
 We sit in front of a television (set) to
watch television (broadcasting).
Concrete nouns
 Concrete nouns are the words that most
people think of as nouns.
 They are mostly the names of objects and
animals (countable) and substances or
materials (uncountable).
Examples:
 Cake, oxygen, iron, boy, dog, pen, glass,
pomegranate, earthworm and door are all
concrete nouns.
Abstract nouns
Abstract nouns name ideas, feelings
and qualities.
Most, though not all, are uncountable.
Many are derived from adjectives and
verbs and have characteristic endings
such as –ity, -ness, -ence, and -tion.
Abstract noun or adjective
Happy is an adjective. It behaves like:
very happy; so happy; happier; as happy as
Happiness behaves like a noun:
The happiness I feel; her happiness; great
happiness.
A few more examples
Verb or adjective
Abstract noun
We were different
from each other.
The difference
between us.
My work is precise.
I work with precision.
The air is pure.
The purity of the air.
I composed this
tune.
This tune is my
composition.
It is so beautiful.
It has such beauty.
You support me.
The support you give me.
Irregular plurals
 Some nouns retain plural endings from Old
English:
Men, geese, mice, oxen, feet, teeth, knives.
 Loan words from Latin, Greek, French and
Italian sometimes keep their native ending:
Media, bacteria, formulae, larvae, criteria,
phenomena, gateaux.
Graffiti, an Italian plural, is now an uncountable
noun in English.
Noun Gender
 A noun has a gender which may be expressed explicitly,
or implicitly.
 Important for meaning, clarity, and to further "agree the
noun in gender" with other sentence elements
(adjectives and pronouns).
Nouns' grammatical category of gender is one of the
following:
1. masculine: man, boy, workman, he-goat
2. feminine: woman, girl, actress, hen, she-goat
3. common: teacher, student, turkey, book, car
Thank You
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