Download The War in the east

THE WAR IN THE EAST
19.2
T WO
ARMIES
MEET
The fir st
major battle The Fir st
Battle of Bull
Run- took
place in July
1 861 .
Occurred near
Manassas
Junction,
Virginia,
about 30
miles from
Washington,
D.C.
TWO ARMIES MEET
The Battle
 Union troops drove back the left side of the
Confederate line.
 A Confederate unit, led by General Thomas
“Stonewall” Jackson, held firm.
 Other Confederates were inspired and heartened by
Jackson’s example.
 Southern reinforcements arrived, and the Union army
retreated in defeat.
 The First Battle of Bull Run ruined Union hopes of a
quick and easy war.
http://www.history.com /topics/american-civil-war/first-battle-of-bull-run
MORE BATTLES IN VIRGINIA
Union general George B. McClellan led troops
into Virginia but waited too long to attack;
gave the Confederates time to strengthen
Richmond’s defenses.
McClellan took Yorktown in early May, and
fighting occurred near Richmond.
MORE BATTLES IN VIRGINIA
Robert E. Lee
 Placed in charge of the
Confederate Army in
Virginia in June 1862
 Was a West Point
graduate and one of
the most talented
officers on either side
 Opposed slavery and
secession but
remained loyal to
Virginia and the South
MORE BATTLES IN VIRGINIA
The Seven Days’ Battle
 Lee attacked McClellan’s forces to drive them from
Richmond, and the two armies clashed in five battles
during late June and early July of 1862.
 Union- nearly 16,000 casualties; Confederacy - more
than 20,000 casualties
 Union army was forced to retreat from Richmond.
MORE BATTLES IN VIRGINIA
Confederates defeated the Union at Second
Battle of Bull Run in August 1862.
By the end of August, Lee had pushed most of
the Union forces out of Virginia.
THE BATTLE OF ANTIETAM
Invasion of the North
In September 1862 Lee led Confederate forces
into Maryland- Union territory.
Hoped a victory on northern soil would break the
Union’s spirit and European powers to aid the
South
Union soldiers found a copy of Lee’s battle
plan and were able to prepare.
THE BATTLE OF ANTIETAM
Occurred on September 17, 1862, near
Antietam Creek in Maryland
Key Union victory and the bloodiest single -day
battle of the war
Union- more than 12,000 casualties;
Confederacy- more than 13,000 casualties
BURNSIDE
BRIDGE
THE BATTLE OF ANTIETAM
Results
Stopped the Confederate army’s northward
advance and cost Lee many troops
Lincoln removed General McClellan, who had
allowed Lee to retreat to Virginia
THE WAR AT SEA
Union Control of the Sea
North had most of the U.S. Navy’s fleet plus the
industry to build more ships.
Union navy had trouble blockading thousands of
miles of southern coastline.
South used small, fast ships called blockade
runners to get through the blockade.
THE WAR AT SEA
A New Kind of Ship
South captured a Union ship and made an
ironclad, a ship armored with iron.
The Confederate ironclad, renamed the Virginia,
easily sank two Union ships.
The Union navy, however, had already built its
own ironclad, the Monitor.
The two ships met in an inconclusive battle in
March 1862.
Blockade Runner
Ships of the Civil War