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A. Kyro F2013 Modified by DYH Streptococcus Mutans • Gram positive cocci with strepto- cell arrangement • Common in oral cavities of everyone • Present from birth • Babies most likely receive the bacteria from their mothers through kissing • Major bacterial component of dental plaque • Adheres to other cells and surfaces of the oral cavity by producing an extracellular dextran-based polysaccharide with the catalytic activity of dextransucrase • Degrades tooth enamel by lactic acid production (is acidophilic) • • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptococcus_mutans Lactic acid is a product of sucrose catabolism Buildup of lactic acid leads to dental caries, otherwise known as cavities • If left unchecked (i.e. not practicing proper dental care), can lead to more serious dental illnesses such as gingivitis, abscesses, and periodontal disease • Other strains of bacteria can get into dental caries and cause infection by eating away at the various tissues in the mouth http://www.colgateprofessional.com/patienteducation/DentalCaries-And-Plaque/image A. Kyro F2013 Modified by DYH Strep. Mutans Metabolism http://micro-gen.ouhsc.edu/s_mutans/s_mutans_home.htm