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Test Review Terms
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Elliptical orbit
Rotation
Axis
Full moon
Aphelion
Major axis
Foci
Semimajor axis
Perihelion
Sun
Maunder minimum
Solar day
Seasons
Lunar phases
photosphere
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Fission
Fusion
Electromagnetic radiation
Ecliptic
Vernal equinox
Solar eclipse
Lunar eclipse
Summer solstice
Autumnal equinox
Winter solstice
Keplar’s laws
Law of universal gravitation
precession
sun occupies one focus of the ellipse, not
the center. The other focus is empty. An
ellipse is “almost” a circle, so the universe
is geometric although not perfect. The
formula used to determine the shape of
the ellipse is e=d/l where eccentricity is
equal to the distance between the foci
divided by the length of the major axis
Keplers 1st Law – law of Ellipses
Spring day characterized by
day and night of equal lengths
Vernal equinox
Plane of the Earth’s orbit
about the sun
ecliptic
equation that validates
his second law.
2
3
P =a
Keplers 3rd Law
Earth’s position around
December 21st, at which the
northern hemisphere has its
minimum daylight hours
Winter solstice
Periods of low sunspot activity
Maunder minimum
Imaginary line through which
the Earth rotates on
axis
Phase of the moon in which it
appears entirely illuminated
Full moon
point that determines
the shape of ellipse
foci
Half the distance of the major
axis
Semi major axis
Occurs when the moon passes
directly between the sun and
earth
Solar eclipse
The statement that describes the
relationship among the masses
of two bodies and the distance
between them
Law of universal gravitation
Wobble of the Earth’s axis
caused by the Moon’s
gravitational force on Earth
precession
Star closest to our planet
sun
Caused by the tilt of the Earth
and its orbit around the sun
seasons
Passes through the foci of an
ellipse
Major axis
An imaginary line between the
Sun and a planet that sweeps out
equal amounts of area in equal
amounts of time
Kepler’s Second Law
Point in Earth’s revolution around
the sun at which it is furthest
aphelion
Electric and magnetic
disturbances that travel through
space
Electromagnetic radiation
24 hours, our time keeping
system is based on it.
Solar day
Occurs when the moon passes
through the earths shadow
Lunar eclipse
Orbit that is less than one but
greater than 0 in eccentricity
Elliptical orbit
Earth’s position around June 21,
at which the northern hemisphere
has its maximum daylight hours
Summer solstice
Point in the Earth’s orbit when
closest to the sun
perihelion
Sequential changes in the
appearance of the moon
Lunar phases
Earth spining on its axis in a
24 hour cycle
rotation
High energy required, fusing of 2
or more lighter atoms into a
larger 1, produces radiant energy
of stars, hydrogen bomb
fusion
Splitting of a large atom into two
or more smaller ones, takes little
energy, produces many highly
radioactive particles, atomic
bomb
fission
Emits most of the light from
the sun
photosphere
Fall day characterized by day
and night of equal lengths
Autumnal equinox