Download PAGES 403-404

Community Interactions:
Symbiosis
PAGES 403-404
Symbiosis
•Symbiosis: close ecological relationship between two or
more organisms of different species that live in direct
contact
Types of Symbiosis
•Mutualism (+/+)
•Both benefit
• Ex: Clown fish get shelter and anemone gets free cleaning
Types of Symbiosis
•Commensalism (+/0)
•One benefits and one is neither helped nor harmed
• Ex: Barnacles on Grey Whales
Types of Symbiosis
•Parasitism (+/-)
•Parasite: small and lives on or in the host organism
•Usually does not result in immediate death but weakens
the host
•Evolutionary adaptation keeps the host healthy enough to
allow parasite reproduction (coevolution)
•Ex: intestinal worms and humans
Tapeworm
Fluke
Tongue Louse
What type of symbiosis?
•Ticks are arachnids (related to spiders and scorpions)
they feed on the blood of mammals. They also can
pass on the bacteria that causes Lyme Disease which
can lead to death in humans.
•Parasitism
What type of symbiosis?
•Orchids are usually found in dense tropical forests. They can
form their base of attachment on the branches of trees and
benefit by getting adequate sunlight and nutrition that
flows down the branches. The orchids do not grow to a
large size, and thus, the host tree is not harmed in any way.
•Commensalism
What type of symbiosis?
•When crocodiles eat, they sometimes get food stuck in their
sharp teeth. If the food isn’t removed, it is left to rot and
cause infection in the crocodile’s teeth. When a crocodile
needs its teeth to be cleaned, it will sit with its mouth wide
open. The Egyptian plover bird will then fly into the mouth
of the crocodile and eat the food stuck in the crocodile’s
teeth.
•Mutualism
What type of symbiosis?
http://www.pbslearningmedia.org/asset/nat08_vid_travco
m/
First 1:23 Commensalism
Last 40 seconds : Mutualism
What type of symbiosis?
https://youtu.be/LGyvlt_b3is
Parasitism