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OUTPUT STAGES • The goal of an output stage (for voltage output) for an amplifier is to achieve ______________________________________ Why? • High efficiency is also needed so that lots of power can be transferred to the load without using too much power in the amp P=I*V Load power for dc output=> PL = Vout*IL = Vout 2 /RL Supply power => Ps =Vsupply*Isupply Power-conversion efficiency: η=PL/Ps Why is power-conversion efficiency so important? Typically, output amps/power amps have a gain of ________________ Simplest output stage: ___________________________ (In power amp lingo, this is called a “Class A” amp or “Class A” output stage) 1 OUTPUT STAGES Note: These amplifiers will have a large signal swing on the output stage and so small-signal models will not be valid. 2 OUTPUT STAGES 3 OUTPUT STAGES Efficiency for a Class A output stage? • • In practice, we make Vo<Vcc to prevent nonlinear distortion near transistor saturation, so typical efficiency is 10-20%. Class A is rarely used in high-power (>1W) applications 4 OUTPUT STAGES Class B output stage: Push-pull operation: 5 OUTPUT STAGES 6