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Biotechnology (is a base for bio industry) The utilization of living organisms (micro organisms, plant cells, etc) or part of living organisms to produce products Moleculer Biology Microbiology Cell Biology Moleculer genetics Biochemistry Bioprocess Engineering Biotechnology Chemical Industry Health diagnose Industrial Fermentation/ Bioindustry Pharmaceutical Industry Environmental and Energy Industri Pangan dan Pakan Examples of Bio industry Products Cheese, yoghurt, pickles, sauerkraut, soya sauce, alcoholic beverage (beer, wine, sake, etc) Colouring Material (“angkak”) Biosynthetic vanillin Thickener (xanthan gum, microbial alginat, etc) Single Cell Protein Probiotic Organic acids (acetic acid, lactic acid, etc) Solvents (ethanol, acetone dll) Amino acids, enzymes, biosurfactant, etc Flavor Enhancer (MSG, Ribotide) Arachidonic oil Transgenic plants (GMO plants) Antibiotic, Insulin, Interferon, Steroid Vitamin (B2, B12, C dll) Vaccine (e.g Hepatitis B, influenza, Polio, Meningitis etc) Food Supplement (Spirulina, Chlorella) Indigenous technology : tempeh, tape, tauco, Biotechnology development before Louis Pasteur Alcoholic beverages Beer , Wine, Khamr, Sake, Tuak, etc (Natural fermentation on sugar based substrates) Fermented Foods (Cheese, yoghurt, tape, tempeh, petis, terasi, tauco, etc) milk derivatives products and solid substrates technology Biotechnology Development Louis Pasteur Era Alcohol and its derivatives (Ethanol, Butanol, aceton, glycerol) Organic acids ( Citric acid, acetic acid, etc) Waste treatment by aerobic process Biotechnology Development Antibiotics Era Antibiotics (Penicillin, tetracycline, streptomycin, etc) encouraged by world war Vaccine (meningitis firstly isolated from naso pharynx of an army that was infected by bacteria) Biotechnology Development After Antibiotics Amino acid (Glutamic acid, lysine, aspartame) Single cell protein Enzyme (amylase, glucose isomerase, glucose dehydrogenase, etc) Immobilized cells and enzymes Waste water treatment by anaerobic (Biogas) Polysaccharide (Xanthan, Pullulan, etc) Bacterial bio insecticides Biotechnology Development Modern Biotechnology 1973, 1st time gen cloning 1974, expression of gen cloning in other organisms 1975, bioinsecticides from Bt israelensis to eradicate mosquito larvae (Aedes aegepty, Culex, Anopheles, etc) Genetic engineering Level of Biotechnology Application Level High Medium Low Input Output High investment, High value sophisticated equipment products for health and process , skilled and food operator Medium investment, not Food, feed, too sophisticated fertilizers and bio equipment and process insecticides Low investment, simple Low value process and equipment, products unskilled operator Example of Agricultural biotechnology Transgenic – gen from a certain species which inserted to other species Example – Gen Cry (Gen coding for protein crystal which is insecticidal) is inserted into a certain plant so that the plant cannot be attacked by agricultural pests Maize Transgenic GMO on maize plant by gen cry from Bacillus thuringiensis GMO - Genetically modified organisms Cotton Normal Transgenic Bt toxin inside can eradicate corn borer The corn plant has capability to produce Bt toxin due to the inserted cry gen from Bacillus thrungiensis Reason of using biotechnology Responding the need of human for foods and feeds and others in a rapid time and mass production Environmental friendly Vanilla planifolia Vanilla bean obtained after years Bacterial Enzyme from Streptomyces Bioconversion of ferulic acid Vanillin obtained after several days fermentation Other Example Insulin hormon usually produces by extraction of it from pig pancreas Now rapid mass production Insulin hormon produced by recombinant E. coli (GMO) with the gene from pig pancreas Slant Agar Liquid Media Inoculum/starter Seed Culture (dormant) Reactivation Propagation Fermentation /Production Inoculum Development Fermentor Downstream Processing/Recovery Bio industry Cultivation aspects Scaling Up Techno economy Course description of subject “Bio industrial Technology” COURSE DESCRIPTION TIN 330 Bioindustrial Technology 3(2-3) Course Description Knowledge on cultivation process design covering environmental factors which affect microbial growth, enzymatic processes , bioreactors and instrument, cultivation process, downstream process and techno-economy bioprocess aspects. Holistic understanding on bioindustrial technology and how to develop bioindustrial products Textbooks Aiba,S., A.E humprey, dan N.F. Milis.1973. Biochemical Engineering., Second Edition. Academic Press, New York Belter, P.A.,E.L. Cutsler dan H.Wei-Shou.1988. bioseparations : Downstream Processing for Biotechnology. A Wiley-interscience Publ., New York crueger, W and A. Crueger.1984. Biotechnology : A Textbook of Industrial Microbiology. Science tech., Inc., Madison Rehm, H.Z and G. Reed.1985. Biotechnology Vol 9.1995. Biotechnology : Enzyme, Biomass, Food and Feed, VCH Verlagsgeselshaft mbH,Weinheim Scragg, A.H.1991.Bioreactors in Biotechnology : A Practical Approach>Ellis Horword, New york Stanbury, P.F and A. Whitaker.1989.Principles of Fermentation technology. Pergamon Press.Oxford Wang, D.I., C.L.Cooney, A.L.Demain,P.Dunnil,A.E.humprey and M.D.Lilly.1979.Fermentation and Enzyme Technology.John Willey and Sons, new york Textbooks Prave,P.,U.Faust,W.Sittg and D.A.Sukatsch.1987.Fundamentals of Biotechnology.VCH Verlagsgeselshaft mbH,Weinheim Bailley,J.E and D.F.Ollis.1986. Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals.Second Edition.McGraw-Hill Co., New York Chaplin,M.F and C.Bucke.1990. Enzyme Technology>Cambridge university Press, Cambride Demain,A.L. and N.A. Solomon.1986.Manual of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology. American Societyfor Microbiology.Washington Margaritis,A. and J.B. Wallace.Novel Bioreactor System and their Application.J.of Biotechnology.May,1984 Pirt,S.J.1985.Principles of Microbe and Cell Cultivation.blackwell Sci., Oxford Rehm,H.Z and G.Reed.1985.Biotechnology vol 2 : Fundamentals of Biochemical Engineering. VCH Verlagsgeselshaft mbH,Weinheim Other references L.Hartoto and I.Sailah.1992. Sistem Bioreaktor.Pusat Antar Universitas Bioteknologi.IPB, Bogor Judoamidjojo,R.M.,E.G.Sa’id dan L.Hartoto.1989.Biokonversi. Pusat Antar Universitas Bioteknologi,IPB Mangunwidjaja,D. and A.Suryani.1994. Teknologi Bioproses. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta Course Outcomes Understand scope range and how important to study bioindustrial technology Understand cultivation technique and downstream application on bioindustry Understand type of bioreactor and its application to many production process Understand free enzyme application and immobile enzyme to many production process Understand techno-economy aspects in bioindustry Understand microbes application for many kind of products produced with optimal cultivation condition, bioreactor uses and efficient downstream process Capable to collaborate in a team work Mastery skill to work in bioindustry laboratory and capable to conduct microbial cultivation to produce several products Understand technique for scaling up of bioindustrial technology Prerequisites by Topic Fundamentals of microbial technology Bioprocess Laboratory Lecturer Team 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. MRH (Mulyorini Rahayuningsih) – coordinator IKS (Khaswar Syamsu) LBH (Liesbetini Hartoto) PUR (Purwoko) – laboratory practices coordinator Rini Purnawati and Egnawati Sari – laboratory practices Major Topics Covered in the Course Week Major Topics Lecturer 1 Introduction (Biotechnology as a base for bioindustry) MRH 2 Cultivation techniques and downstream processing IKS 3 Type of bioreactors and example application to many processes IKS 4 Free and immobile enzyme application to many production processes LBH 5 Techno economy aspects in bioindustry LBH 6 Scaling Up in Bioindustrial Technology IKS 7 Single Cell Protein Technology and its Prospect to be developed in Indonesia IKS 8-9 Mid Test 10 Bioethanol Production Technology and its Prospect to be developed in Indonesia LBH 11 Microbial Enzyme Production technology and its Prospect to be developed in Indonesia LBH 12 Organic acids production technology and its Prospect to be developed in Indonesia LBH 13 Biopolymer (gum xanthan, pullulan and dextran) production technology and its to be developed in Indonesia MRH 14 Antibiotics production technology and its Prospect to be developed in Indonesia MRH 15 Bioinsecticide production technology and its Prospect to be developed in Indonesia MRH 16 Arachidonic acid Oil Technology and its Prospect to be developed in Indonesia MRH Prospect Laboratory practices Week Topics Lecturer 2 GLP in Microbiology Lab PUR 3 Kinetics of Enzymatic Processes PUR 4-5 Production of citric acid : submerged cultivation and solid substrates cultivation MRH 6-7 Production of bioetanol : Immobilized cells and free cells PUR 10-11 Bioinsecticides production semi solid and submerged cultivation MRH 12 Scale up technique Rini P 13-16 Small Project : Development a prospective of ibioindustrial products : - Preparation the proposal - Implementation of Proposal in Lab Work - Presentation Supervisor : PUR, MRH,LBH, IKS Assessment Mid exam (UTS ) – 30 % Final exam (UAS) – 30 % Laboratory Practices (performance and report) – 25 % Small Project – 15 %