Download How are rocks formed?

Falcon Focus
Define the following:
• Weathering:
• Erosion:
• Deposition:
Falcon Focus
• Define the following:
• Weathering:
• Erosion:
• Deposition:
Essential Question
•HOW ARE ROCKS
FORMED?
Review
•Let’s See What You
Know!!!!!
• Boundaries, Stresses, and Faults
Plate
Movement
(Arrow)
Boundary
Stresses/F
orces
Fault
Plate
Movement
Forms
*
FF: Which Seismic wave do not pass through
the outer core?
When you find the distance from the epicenter for 3
stations, you can pinpoint the epicenter. You draw a
circle from each station with a radius that is the
distance to the epicenter for each station. Where the
3 circles intersect is the epicenter.
Triangulation
of 3 stations
to locate
earthquake
epicenter
Magnitude
How do Fold Mountains form?
Explanation of fold mountains
Use the following two resources
to help you explain how fold
mountains are formed
Fold Mountains
Rocks
• Rocks are made up of minerals.
• Most consist of two or more different
minerals.
• Rocks are classified according to how
they were formed.
How do Rocks form?
• If you squeeze and heat a rock for a
few million years, it can turn into a new
kind of rock.
3 types of Rocks
There are three large classifications of rocks –
BASED ON HOW THEY’RE FORMED
Types of Rocks
Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
The rock cycle is an ongoing
process.
The sample diagram illustrates
the series of natural processes
that can change rocks from one
kind to another
The rock cycle is an example of
how Earth recycles itself.
IGNEOUS ROCK
Igneous Rocks (Volcanoes)
HOW THEY FORM:
– COOLING and HARDING of molten rock (lava
or magma)
Think of candle wax cooling
– Igneous Rocks forms NEAR OR around
VOLCANOES…
2 types of Igneous Rocks
• When lava is cooled it forms a rock.
• When magma cools within the Earth, it
also forms rocks.
• What’s the difference between lava and
magma?
EXTRUSIVE
IGNEOUS ROCK
INTRUSIVE
IGNEOUS ROCK
When cooling takes place When cooling takes place
rapidly, ABOVE Earth’s slowly, BENEATH Earth’s
surface
surface
Small or no crystals
Big crystals
Examples: Basalt, Obsidian
Example: Granite
WHAT TYPE OF IGNEOUS ROCK FORMS
Review
1. Where do igneous rocks form?
2. The only way igneous rocks can form is from
the cooling of what?
3. Can a pre-existing rock ever become an
Igneous rock?
SEDIMENTARY ROCK
Sedimentary Rocks
• HOW THEY FORM: compaction (squish) and
cementation (stick) of sediments
Forms near bodies of water or where bodies of water used to be
Sediments: small, solid pieces of rock, mineral grains,
shell pieces
**Formed through the processes of weathering and
erosion of rocks exposed at Earth’s surface.
**Sedimentary rocks can also form from the chemical
depositing of materials that were once dissolved
in water (DEPOSITION)
Sedimentary Rocks
• Sedimentary rocks usually have
fossils within them.
• Sedimentary rocks are known for
having layers as sediments build
up on top of each other.
Review Questions
• Where do sedimentary rocks form?
• What are the two processes that
sedimentary rocks go through?
• How do sedimentary rocks form?
• What are sediments?
• How do sediments form?
• Can any rocks turn into sediments?
METAMORPHIC ROCKS
Metamorphic Rocks
Form underneath the Earth’s surface
• HOW THEY FORM: Heat and Pressure
**Forms when rocks are changed into
different kinds of rocks by great heat and/or
pressure
They are heated, squeezed, folded, or
chemically changed by contact with hot
fluids or tectonic forces.
****THIS ROCK GOES THROUGH
CHEMICAL CHANGES****
When heat and pressure reach
the rock’s melting point, it
melts into magma.
ANY ROCK CAN BECOME
ANY OTHER TYPE OF
ROCK IF IT GOES
THROUGH THE RIGHT
PROCESS
RC (Review Check)
• Types of Rocks
RC (Types of Rocks Questions)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1. Forms underneath the Earth’s surface
2. Forms around volcanoes
3. Forms near bodies of water or where bodies of water use to be
4. Have fossils within them
5. Goes through the process of cooling, melting, and crystallization
6. Goes through the process of heat and pressure
7. Goes through the process of compaction and cementation
8. Consist of Intrusive and extrusive rocks
9. Can change into other rocks, can be foliated and go through
chemical changes
• 10. Can go through the process weathering and erosion
CLOSURE/
WHAT TYPE OF ROCK?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Basalt
Slate
Granite
Limestone
Scoria
Marble
Gneiss
Falcon Focus
• What are the processes that each rock
goes through? What process do all rocks
go through?
Essential Questions
• How would you explain how the three
types of rocks form and where do they
form?
Boundaries, Stresses, & Faults
Rock Stations Activity
• Properties: (5 senses)
• Color: the actual color/ light, dark,
mixture of colors
• Texture/Touch: rough, smooth, full of
wholes, brittle, soft, and hard
• Size: small, large, medium
• Luster: Shiny or reflects light
• Non Luster: Not Shiny or reflects light
Physical Properties of Rocks
1. Color (may have a distinctive color for
identification)
2. Streak (is the color of the mineral in powered
form- shows the true color of the mineral)
3. Hardness (is a measure of the mineral’s
resistance to scratching)
4. Luster (property of minerals that indicates how
much the surface of a mineral reflects light or
if it is SHINY.)