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Section 12.3 Respiratory Health Respiratory Health Objectives List the functions of the respiratory system. Describe how air travels through your respiratory system, and how you breathe. Identify ways to keep the respiratory system healthy. Slide 1 of 18 Section 12.3 Respiratory Health Health Stats What does the graph suggest about asthma rates? Describe some factors that could contribute to the rise and fall of asthma rates. Slide 2 of 18 Section 12.3 Respiratory Health The Respiratory System • The respiratory system is responsible for bringing oxygen from the outside environment into the body. • It also removes carbon dioxide from the body. Slide 3 of 18 Section 12.3 Respiratory Health The Pathway of Air On its way to the lungs, air passes through the • nose • pharynx • larynx • trachea • bronchi Slide 4 of 18 Section 12.3 Respiratory Health Cilia Cilia line most of the respiratory tract. Cilia capture mucus that contains dust and microorganisms and sweep it toward your throat to be swallowed. The Respiratory System Trachea Nose and Nasal Cavities Air enters The trachea, theor body windpipe, throughleads two nostrils from theand larynx thentomoves the lungs. into the nasal cavities. Bronchus Pharynx The trachea divides into two Next air enters the pharynx, or bronchi (singular, bronchus), throat. The mouth also connects which are cartilage-ringed tubes to the pharynx. that enter each lung. Epiglottis and Larynx Lung Air travels from the pharynx to In lungs, bronchi like thethe larynx. The larynxdivide contains branches of a tree into smaller the vocal cords. When you tubes. At the the epiglottis end of theseals smallest swallow, the tubes the alveoli. larynxare to prevent foodOxygen or liquid and dioxide are fromcarbon entering the trachea. exchanged in alveoli. Slide 5 of 18 Section 12.3 Respiratory Health Gas Exchange • At the end of the smallest tubes in the lungs are millions of tiny sacs that look like bunches of grapes. • These sacs, called alveoli (singular, alveolus), are where gases are exchanged between the air and the blood. Slide 6 of 18 Section 12.3 Respiratory Health Alveoli Blood rich in carbon dioxide Blood rich in oxygen Capillary Slide 7 of 18 Section 12.3 Respiratory Health The Breathing Process The breathing process is controlled by the actions of muscles in your ribs and chest. • Inhalation • When you inhale, the diaphragm (DY uh fram), a domeshaped muscle that lies below the lungs, flattens. • The chest cavity enlarges, the volume of the lungs increases, and air flows in. • Exhalation • When you exhale, or breathe out, the diaphragm moves upward. • The rib muscles relax and the ribs drop. • These movements make the chest cavity smaller and squeeze air from the lungs. Slide 8 of 18 Section 12.3 Respiratory Health Inhalation Exhalation The volume of the The volume of the lungs increases, lungs decreases, and air flows in. and air is pushed out. Slide 9 of 18 Section 12.3 Respiratory Health Active Art: The Respiratory System Click on the screen above to launch the Active Art. Slide 10 of 18 Section 12.3 Respiratory Health Keeping Healthy You can keep your respiratory system healthy by • avoiding tobacco smoke and air pollution • treating asthma if you have it • avoid respiratory infections • get regular exercise • maintain a healthy weight Slide 11 of 18 Section 12.3 Respiratory Health Avoiding Smoking and Air Pollution • The most important think you can do to protect your respiratory system is not to smoke. • It is also important to avoid exposure to air pollutants whenever possible. • If you do work that generates fumes or dust wear a mask. • Work in a well-ventilated area when you paint or use other chemicals. • Before exercising outdoors on a hot, sunny day, check local news reports for warnings about air quality. Slide 12 of 18 Section 12.3 Respiratory Health Living With Asthma • Asthma (AZ muh) is a disorder in which respiratory passageways become inflamed. • During an asthma attack, the passageways narrow until air can barely pass through. • As a result, the person wheezes, coughs, and has difficulty breathing. Slide 13 of 18 Section 12.3 Respiratory Health Slide 14 of 18 Section 12.3 Respiratory Health For: Updates on asthma Click above to go online. Slide 15 of 18 Section 12.3 Respiratory Health Other Healthful Behaviors • Avoid Respiratory Infections Bronchitis is an infection that causes the mucous membranes lining the bronchi to become inflamed. • Get Regular Exercise Exercise helps your lungs become more efficient at taking in oxygen and eliminating carbon dioxide. • Maintain a Healthy Weight The respiratory system of an overweight person must work harder to deliver adequate oxygen than the system of a normal weight person. Slide 16 of 18 Section 12.3 Respiratory Health Vocabulary alveoli diaphragm asthma bronchitis The sacs in the lungs where gases are exchanged between the air and the blood. A dome-shaped muscle below the lungs that is involved in the breathing process. A disorder in which respiratory passageways become inflamed and narrow during attacks, leading to difficulty breathing. An infection that causes the mucous membranes lining the bronchi to become inflamed. Slide 17 of 18 Section 12.3 Respiratory Health QuickTake Quiz Click to start quiz. Slide 18 of 18 Section 12.3 Respiratory Health For: Chapter 12 self test Click above to go online. Slide 19 of 18 Section 12.3 Respiratory Health End of Section 12.3 Click on this slide to end this presentation. Slide 20 of 18