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Kinetic and Potential Energy Examples and Situations Changes in Potential Energy • Reminder PE = mgh • The amount of potential energy (PE) will increase if the mass (m) or height (h) increases • The amount of PE will then decrease as the mass (m) or height (h) decreases Example of changes in potential energy • Put the spheres in order of greatest to least amount of potential energy • All of the spheres have the same mass B C A Results • The order of most to least potential energy is letter B has the most, then C and then A. B C A Changes in Kinetic Energy • Reminder the formula for kinetic energy is KE = ½ mv2 • Reminder that kinetic energy is the energy of motion • This type of energy is affected by mass and velocity Changes in Kinetic Energy • Put the three spheres in order of greatest to least kinetic energy • All three spheres have the same mass B C A Results • The order of greatest to least kinetic energy is letter A has the most, then letter C and the least is letter B B C A Law of Conservation of Energy • The law of conservation of energy states that energy is never created or destroyed • Energy is converted or changed from one form to another Specific Heat • Specific heat is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one gram of a material by one degree Celsius • The more mass an object has the more particles of matter it contains so it can absorb more heat energy • The world’s oceans absorb lots of heat during the summer and releases it during the winter which keeps coastal climates moderate Specific Heat continued • The lower a material’s specific heat is, the more its temperature will rise when a given amount of energy is absorbed by a given mass • For example, if equal masses of iron and plastic absorb the same heat, the iron’s temperature will rise more, since iron has a lower specific heat than plastic