Download Energy Statement PPT

ENERGY NOTES
Learning Goal:
I can distinguish between kinetic
and potential energies and
describe how energy changes, is
stored, or stays the same within a
system.
Definition:
Energy….
…..is the ability to do work, or
the ability to move or cause
change in matter.
…..is a part of systems
…..comes in many types
Energy is NOT matter!
I.
2 Main Categories (types) of Energy:
A) Potential Energy (PE) : stored energy
1. stored in springs, batteries, food, & fuel
2. examples: chemical, elastic, nuclear,
electromagnetic, gravitational potential
energy (can be held in a high place to be
used when it falls)
B) Kinetic Energy (KE): energy of motion
1. the faster an object moves, the higher the
energy.
2. examples:
• electrical (flow of electrons)
• sound (movement of air molecules)
• thermal/heat (movement of atoms)
• any moving object (car, person, etc.)
Chemical Energy
• Potential energy
stored in bonds of
atoms and
molecules
Mechanical Energy
• Potential or kinetic
energy in objects
due to their position
or motion. (ie:
Ability to do work)
Nuclear Energy
• Potential energy
stored in the nucleus
of an atom
Gravitational Energy
• Potential energy
stored in an object’s
height.
Radiant Energy
• Kinetic energy that
travels in
electromagnetic waves.
Thermal Energy
• Kinetic energy
caused by the
vibration of atoms or
molecules in a
substance
Motion Energy
• Kinetic energy in a
moving object.
Sound Energy
• Kinetic energy
moving through a
substance.
Electrical Energy
• Kinetic energy from
the movement of
charged particles
called electrons.
II. Law of Conservation of Energy:
*states that the total energy of an object
or a group of objects stays the same;
energy is never destroyed or created;
*energy is just transferred among
different types or objects within a
system
III. Energy Transfer:
Energy of the same
type can transfer
from one material
(part) to another.
Ex.: Newton’s Cradle
transferring kinetic
energy from one
marble to another.
Ex.: Thermal energy
from a fireplace
transfers to thermal
energy in your hands
IV. Energy Transformation:
Energy can
transform from
one type to
another.
Complete the “Summary of
Energy Types” diagram.