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Date: 11-3-14 - Have a periodic table out
Day Plan: 1) Homework (Book page 86,87)
Problems 10,11,16,39,40
2) Notes on Periodic Trends
3) Conclusion to It’s All in the card
Opener: List the three classes of elements on
the periodic table. Write down two elements
from each class.
F0r Notes have out your
periodic table
(Any one your regular using)
Its all in the cards activity
Notes F
Periodic Table & Trends
A) Metalloids
B) Periodic Trends
1) Atomic Number
2) General Reactivity
3) Atomic Size
4) Ionization
5) Electronegativity
A) Metalloid
Alternate title: semimetal
boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic,
antimony, and tellurium, polonium and
astatine.
Metalloid, a chemical element with properties in-between
those of typical metals and nonmetals.
Metalloids have electronic structures intermediate between
the nearly empty outer electron shells of the typical metals
and the nearly filled electron shells of the nonmetals.
Most of these elements are important industrial materials,
being used to make transistors and other
semiconductor devices, ceramics, solar batteries, and
certain polymers.
Metalloids are usually brittle, somewhat shiny solids that
behave as electrical insulators at room temperature
The Metalloids are:
Boron
Silicon
Germanium
Arsenic
Antimony
Tellurium
Polonium
B) Periodic Trends
• Periodic trends are specific patterns
that are present in the periodic table.
• These patterns illustrate different
aspects of a certain element, including its
size and its properties with electrons.
1) Atomic Number – Increase through a period
2) General Reactivity (On your Periodic Table)
3) Atomic Size
• Atomic Radius
▫ ½ of the distance between the nuclei of two joined
atoms of the same element
Atomic Radius
Size Increases from top to bottom within a group
Increase from Right to Left across a period
Atomic Size  WHY?!
Periodic Trends
• Decreases across a period
• Increase in # of (P) draws in
(e-) closer
Group Trends
•
•
•
•
Increases down a group
Adding (P) to nucleus
BUT
Increase in the # of energy
levels
• Shields the outer electrons
from the attraction of
protons in the nucleus
▫ An atom or group of atoms that have a
positive or negative charge
▫ Formed when electrons are transferred
between atoms
Ions Continued
Metals
Non-Metals
• Tend to lose electrons
• Tend to gain electrons
• Form cations:
• Form anions:
▫ Positively charged ions
▫ Negatively charged ions
▫ More protons than electrons
▫ More electrons than protons
4) Ionization Energy
• Energy required to remove an electron from an
atom
5 ) Electronegative
Should be able to complete
It’s all in the cards activity
5- Chart #1
6- Write Conclusion
Ionic Size
Cation
Anion
• Lose e-’s
• Size decreases
• Gain e-’s
• Size Increases
Ionic Size
Size generally
increases
Size of cation
decreases
Size of anion
decreases