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Device Degradation Due to Hot Carrier
z Hot carriers are energetic electrons excited by E-field in
transistor’s drain region
z May be injected into gate oxide and cause damage to
oxide or interface
z Hot carrier effect degrades circuit performance
“Trapped” electrons increase Vt
Degrades saturation current ION
Circuit speed is degraded
z Degradation is time-dependent
Circuit will fail at some point
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Device Degradation Due to Hot Carrier
z EDA needs
(B. McGaughy, 1998)
Need to estimate life-time (I.e. time to failure)
Need to estimate trade-offs between more reliable and
slower design
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