Download Name World History Mid-Term Review 1. What was the 1st real style

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World History Mid-Term Review
1. What was the 1st real style of writing called? (not cave paintings)
Cuneiform
2. What is overwhelmingly significant about Hammurabi’s Code?
1st set of written laws
3. Define Pre-History.
Any place where there is a society without writing
4. What were the first calendars based on?
Moon - lunar
5. Who wrote Hammurabi’s Code?
Hammurabi
6. What two rivers generally define the boundaries of Mesopotamia?
Tigris & Euphrates
7. What is the name of the first known civilization?
Sumer/Sumerians
8. Which modern country encompasses most of what was Mesopotamia?
Iraq
9. What is Polytheism?
Belief in many gods
10. A ____________________is a series of rulers from one family. Dynasty
11. This first civilization created the first known system of writing called ____________________.
Cuneiform
12. What is the most well-known piece of literature from this first society?
Epic of Gilgamesh
13. This first civilization developed a math system based on the number ____________________.
60
14. What color is Lapis Lazuli?
blue
15. What did this first civilization write on? What did they write with?
Clay tablets
16. The banks of the Nile River are called the ____________________.
Black land
17. ____________________Egypt is in the ____________________part of Egypt.
Upper - South
18. The embalming agent ____________________is made up of mostly 2 ingredients. What are they?
Natron – Baking Soda and Salt
19. The ____________________is a mechanical irrigation device used to put water from the canals into
the fields.
Shaduf
20. During the mummification process the heart was left in the body. Why?
Seen as the center of intelligence
21. What kind of Calendar did the Egyptians have?
solar
22. What is the symbol of Upper Egypt?
Vulture
23. The ____________________was the head of the state and seen as a god.
Pharaoh
24. Who would eat your body and soul if your heart weighed more than the feather of justice?
Amemet
25. Small fishing boats called ____________________were made of ____________________.
Skiffs – papyrus reeds
26. What were the 2 main staples of the Egyptian diet?
Beer - bread
27. How was the Egyptians belief in resurrection rooted in what they observed each day?
Rising of sun (birth) in east and setting of sun in west (death)
28. What kind of boats do mummies travel on to go through the underworld?
Solar bark or barque
29. What is the Book of the Dead?
Book of magical spells and incantations meant to help you through the dangerous part of the
netherworld after death
30. Amenemhet extended Egypts southern border 200 miles to the ___________________Cataract.
2nd
31. Menes was in his 80’s when he died hunting ____________________.
Hippo’s
32. The Feudal Period of Egyptian History is described as a 150 year period where the 42
____________________ (county governors) took control of Egypt and there were no Pharaohs.
nomarchs
33. During which time frame were all of the pyramids built?
Old kingdom
34. ____________________II had the longest reign in all of history.
Pepi II
35. Which Pharaoh split Egypt into 3 parts and had a very effective central government?
Amenemhet
36. Menes built a great palace at the city of Memphis and afterwards the ruler of Egypt was called Pharaoh
which means ____________________ -____________________ (2 words).
Great palace
37. What is the 1st kind of pyramid called?
Step pyramid
38. What is a cataract on the Nile River?
Place with very rough rapids or waterfalls
39. Menes was the first king to unify ____________________and ____________________ Egypt.
Upper and lower
40. ____________________ was the 1st Pharaoh to declare himself a ____________________ and he
had the Great Pyramid at ____________________built.
Khufu – god -Giza
41. What are 2 things Imhotep is remembered for?
Step pyramid – invented mummification – performed cataract and appendectomy surgery – poet –
later worshiped as a god – mythical booby trapped tomb that has never been found
42. Menes established a strong central government with 42 ____________________ (counties).
Nomes
43. After Pepi II, the Old Kingdom quickly dissolved into barely controlled chaos. What are the 2 main reasons
that the Old Kingdom fell apart?
Incest… weak rulers and drought/low Nile
44. Khafre had the 2nd largest pyramid built as well as the Great ____________________which was
supposedly sculpted to look like him.
Sphinx
45. Mentuhotep II was the Nomarch of Thebes. During the 39th year of his 51 year reign, he succeeded in reunifying all of Egypt, thus beginning the ____________________ (2 words). Middle Kingdom
46. Menes created the city of ____________________so that he could be in a good position to rule his
newly unified Egypt. Memphis
47. What were 2 of the items the Egyptians liked to trade for from Nubia?
Gold – Ebony - Ivory
48. Egyptians had a style of writing used for everyday writing. What is it called?
Demotic
49. What is the name of what is known as the 1st ever peace treaty between the Mitanni and the Egyptians?
Agreement of Accord
50. Tell me any 2 facts about Hatshepsut other than she was a she, the first female Pharaoh, or that she was
married to a Pharaoh that was her half-brother.
Dressed as a man – had a daughter Neferure – had a lot built - didn’t like stepson Thutmose III and was
his regent until he most likely had her poisoned
51. Even though the Hyksos were good rulers, why were they hated?
They were foreign
52. ____________________ was called the Napoleon of Egypt as he was a short military strategist.
Thutmose III
53. How did Seqenere die?
By axe and spear from assasins sent by Apophis
54. Which Pharaoh started the tradition of Pharaohs being buried in the Valley of the Kings?
Thutmose I
55. What outrageous order did Apophis give to Seqenere knowing that he would disobey and what excuse did
he use to give that order?
To fill in royal hippo pond as it was keeping him up at night from hundreds of miles away
56. Which Pharaoh extended Egypt’s border south to the 4th cataract of the Nile?
Thutmose III
57. What are 3 of the technological military advancements that made it so easy for the Hyksos to take over the
Egyptians?
Horse Drawn Chariot, Laminated Bow with Bronze Tipped Arrows, and Leather Plated Armor
58. Which Pharaoh expanded the border south to the 3rd cataract of the Nile and East to the Euphrates River?
Thutmose I
59. Which Pharaoh married his half-sister Hatshepsut?
Thutmose II
60. Who led the army that defeated Apophis (which ended the Hyksos Period) and started the New Kingdom?
Ahmose
61. Thutmose IV had a dream. What was it?
Had dream that if he could find then clear away the Sphinx and fix it up he would become Pharaoh. He
did so and nobody knows what happened to his older brothers.
62. It is during the Hyksos period that the Story of ____________________takes place. This is also the
longest ongoing part of the Bible.
Joseph
63. Amonhotep II executed the Seven Princes of Tikhsi on a stage in front of a large crowd with a
____________________. He then had their bodies hung and dangled above crocodiles across the Nile
River.
Mace
64. Where did the Hyksos most likely come from?
most likely Phoenician/Ugaritic
65. Who was Thutmose III’s regent?
Hatshepsut
66. Which Pharaoh is known for hunting and killing 102 lions and 96 wild bulls?
Amonhotep III
67. Which Macedonian King took Egypt from Persia?
Alexander the Great
68. What is the Colossi of Memnon?
Two giant statues of Amonhotep III
69. How did Cleopatra keep Egypt independent of Rome until after her death?
She used her womanly ways with Caesar and Marc Antony
70. Which Pharaoh changed his name to Akhenaton?
Amonhotep IV
71. Which Pharaoh had over 100 wives and over 100 Children?
Ramses II
72. What is the sole reason that we studied about Tutankhamon?
Because his tomb was found untouched and is the only pharaohs to be found as such
73. Which Pharaoh is known as Egypt’s Master Builder?
Ramses II
74. Other than being married to Amonhotep IV, what is something that Nefertiti is remembered for?
Amazing beauty
75. How did Cleopatra and Marc Antony die?
Cleo suicide by asp to the breast and Marco fell on his sword
76. Tiye was the first commoner to become Queen. What did her Pharaoh husband Amonhotep III build for
her?
Giant pleasure Lake
77. What was left in Pandora’s Box?
hope
78. How was Prometheus punished?
Tied to a mountain where an eagle daily re-eats his liver
79. How did King Minos die?
Had boiling water poured on him in the bath
80. In what myth was the Hellespont an obstacle?
Jason and the Argonauts
81. What did the Minotaur eat?
people
82. What happened when Cadmus planted the dragon’s teeth?
They became armed soldiers
83. What are the Pillars of Hercules known as today?
Strait of Gibraltar
84. How did Zeus kidnap Europa?
Became a white bull and tricked her into riding him… he ran off over the sea to Crete
85. How many tasks did Heracles have in all and why did he have them?
12 – because Hera made him crazy and he killed his wife and family
86. How did Deucalion and his wife create more people?
By throwing stones over their shoulders
87. How did Theseus get through the maze?
By using a ball of thread
88. What 2 things was Oedipus destined to do?
Marry his mother and killing his father
89. What was Eos the goddess of?
The dawn
90. How did Apollo punish Midas?
Donkey ears
91. What did Zeus create to punish men?
women
92. Why did Athena dislike Arachne?
Cocky and could weave better than her
93. What do the 4 pomegranate seeds represent?
Winter months that Persephone could spend with Hades
94. Who did Zeus give Persephone to?
Hades
95. What object did Athena beat Arachne with?
shovel
96. Who taught the people to cheat the gods?
Prometheus
97. Where did Zeus take Europa?
Crete
98. What does the barber know about Midas that nobody else knows?
His Ears
99. What was Eos’s husband Tithonus turned into?
grasshopper
100. Who asks Oedipus a riddle?
sphinx
101. What was sent to the crib of Heracles by Hera?
2 snakes
102. Who was the idiot who flew too close to the sun with wings held together by wax?
Icarus
103. Who raised and trained Jason?
Chiron
104. How did Heracles clean out the stables?
Moved the river bed… water went through the stables
105. Why was Jason sent to retrieve the Golden Fleece?
So that he could gain his rightful throne
106. Who freed Prometheus?
Heracles
107. What did King Midas wish for?
That everything he touched would become gold
108. What became of Phaethon?
Fell to his death after trying to drive Helios chariot
109. Who in all these myths was turned into gold?
King Midas’s daughter
110. Other than someone who created more people, who was Deucalion?
Man who bult arc in preparation of great flood
111. Who was in Zeus’s head?
Athena
112. What did Persephone’s mother do while she was away?
Freak out and scream at Zeus a lot
113. Who was the great inventor that created the labyrinth, the wings, the palace at Sicily, and could get a string
through a conch shell?
Daedalus
114. What did Prometheus steal from Zeus?
Fire
115. What was the most important shrine in all of Greece?
Oracle at Delphi
116. Which of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World was discussed regarding Ancient Greece?
Statue of Zeus at Olympos
117. There are 3 symbols commonly associated with the Ancient Minoans. What are 2 of these symbols (be
specific)?
Double headed axe – Maze – Bull horns symbol
118. The Olympics were held in honor of ____________________ every ____________________ years
and were held without a break from 776 BC to AD 393, a period of 1169 years.
Zeus - 4
119. What was the name of the Minoan Capital?
Knossos
120. Who discovered the actual remains of Troy in the 1860-70’s?
Heinrich Schlieman
121. What is the deciphered written language of the Mycenaean's?
Linear B
122. What was the name of the Mycenaean Capital?
Mycenae
123. What happened at Thera that may very well have impacted the decline of the Minoan Civilization?
Volcano - Tsunami
124. Which tribe of nomadic warriors from the north of Greece destroyed the Mycenaean’s and founded
Sparta?
Dorian
125. What is the Undeciphered written language of the Minoans?
Linear A
126. What did the Mycenaean’s supposedly go to war with Troy over?
Helen
127. What are the 2 epic poems that Homer wrote about the Trojan War?
Iliad - Odyssey
128. What island did the Minoans live on?
Crete
129. Where in modern Italy did many Greeks colonize during the Archaic period?
Sicily
130. What was a Pythia?
Priestess of Apollo – an Oracle at Delphi
131. Who won the Trojan War?
Mycenaean’s
132. When you break down the word democracy, what does it mean?
“Demos” = people; “kratos” = rule
- Rule of the People
133. What was a Polis?
City/State or just City
134. At what age did Spartans begin training for the military?
7
135. Which city state was the political power of the Delian League?
Athens
136. What was the purpose of the Agoge?
Rigorous Education System - Aim of the system was to produce a strong and capable warrior class to
serve in the Spartan army - encouraged conformity and the importance of the Spartan state over one's own
personal interest
137. How many citizens comprised a jury in Athens?
500
138. What kind of government did Athens have? Either name it specifically (2 words) or describe it in detail.
Direct Democracy
139. Sparta had a 3-tiered government. Simply describe 1 of them.
Government ruled by 2 Kings, a Council, and an Assembly - 2 kings from the Agiad and Eurypontid
families
140. What was required to obtain Athenian citizenship?
Be a man – 30 years old – own land
141. What shared aspect of society enabled free time for the discussion of philosophy in Athens as well as
physical training in Sparta?
slaves
142. Who created Democracy and had the Parthenon built in Athens?
Pericles
143. Define Ostracism –
No longer being a part of a group (citizen) without being exiles
144. From which ancient civilization did the Greeks obtain their alphabet?
Phoenician
145. What was the name given to Spartan slaves?
Helot
146. At what age did Spartans retire from the military?
60
147. What was the Agoge?
Rigorous Education System - Aim of the system was to produce a strong and capable warrior class to
serve in the Spartan army - encouraged conformity and the importance of the Spartan state over one's own
personal interest
148. Why did the Ionian Greeks revolt against Darius I?
Raised taxes
149. What are soldiers in the phalanx formation called?
hoplites
150. Who was the Spartan king who led the Spartans at Thermopylae?
Leonidas
151. Who led the Greeks at Salamis?
Themistocles
152. Describe a Trireme?
3 tiered – rowing boat - fast moving ship – built to ram
153. Who did Xerxes leave in charge after Salamis?
Mardonius
154. What was the last battle of the Persian War?
Battle of Plataea/Mycale either one or both are acceptable… same day
155. What was the real cause of the Peloponnesian War?
Spartan fear of Athens growing power
156. Why did Athens lose its military?
Sparta won the Peloponnesian War and took it from them
157. Socrates taught ____________________, who taught ____________________, who taught
____________________.
Plato – Aristotle - Alexander
158. Who started The Academy?
Plato
159. How much of Socrates writings remain?
none
160. Why are Cynics dog like?
Because Cynic comes from the greek word canine… also lived very doglike lives
161. What is Diogenes famous for?
begged for a living and often slept in a large ceramic jar in the marketplace. He became notorious for his
philosophical stunts such as carrying a lamp in the daytime, claiming to be looking for an honest man. He
criticized and embarrassed Plato, disputed his interpretation of Socrates and sabotaged his lectures, sometimes
distracting attendees by bringing food and eating during the discussions. Diogenes was also noted for having
publicly mocked Alexander the Great. Peed on people… pooped in public to show anger
162. What 3 things do Epicureans need to have a happy life?
Live with friends – make a simple living with having a boss - Reflect, read, write, & meditate
163. What makes Cynics happy?
live a humble, simple life, seeking virtue and self sufficiency
164. How did the Stoics get their name?
Stoa means porch and Zeno taught from a porch
165. What is the 1 all-consuming thing that Stoics believe people should worry about?
Their will. Can only control 1 thing and that is oneself
166. What is the goal of Epicureans?
Simple pleasures
167. How did Alexander the Great die?
Malaria at age 33
168. Who did Alexander the Great Conquer to control the world’s largest ever Empire?
Persia, Egypt, the Middle East and Northern India.
169. What does Hellenistic mean?
Greek
170. What happened to the Empire of Alexander the Great when he died?
He split it up amongst his generals