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ONLOAD TAP CHANGER The block diagram consists of the potential transformer, precision rectifier, ADC, micro controller, display, triac array and transformer. Higher KVA transformers will measures the output voltage according to the voltage it will switch on triac array and maintain constant voltage. First the voltage of the secondary of the transformer is measured with the help of a potential transformer. This potential transformer will step down the power supply voltage (230Vto 440V) level. Then the secondary of the potential transformer will be connected to the precision rectifier, which is constructed with the help of op–amp. The advantages of using precision rectifier are it will give peak voltage output as DC; rest of the circuits will give only RMS output. Then the rectified output will be given to the micro controller through Analog to digital converter. ADC will convert the analog voltage into digital data and then it will be given to the micro controller, the ADC is an eight channel eight bit ADC. Then the appropriate thyristors will be switched ‘on’ or ‘off’ to get exact voltage. Here we are using the triac array circuit. The triac array is used to select the required voltage of the transformer. Based upon this selection, we will get the required voltages in the output circuit TRANSFORMER: A transformer changes (transforms) an alternating voltage from one value to another. It consists of two coils, called the primary and secondary winding, which are not connected electrically. The windings are either one on top of the other or are side by side on an iron, iron-dust or air core. RECISION RECTIFIER: An absolute-value circuit, or full-wave precision rectifier, can be implemented by summing the output of a half-wave rectifier and its input with the proper phase and amplitude relations. ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER: The ADC represents the analog to digital converter, which can very easily be interfaced with any of the micro controller. This type of converter changes the analog voltage input V in to an 8-bit digital output (D7-D0). A pulse applied to the ADC’s START conversion terminal initiates the conversion process. The completion of conversion takes an amount of time depending upon the method of conversion time can be as large as 100ms for some ADC. Display Potential transformer Precision rectifier ADC Micro controller Transformer Triac array