Download Cold War Conflicts and Containment

Happy Valentine’s Day
• Study your notes and key terms from Cold War
Day 1.
• There will be a small quiz.
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Cold War
Iron Curtain
Containment
Marshall Plan
Truman Doctrine
NATO
United Nations
THE COLD WAR HEATS UP
Cold-War Conflicts
And Containment Policy
Cold War Conflicts
Objective: Analyze several instances of
communist expansion and the United States’
attempts at containment.
Question: Where are these conflicts happening
and why is that significant to the “Cold War”?
US and USSR are trying to each control
as many countries as possible!!!
Stalin and the USSR
United States
Cold War standoff!!!
NATO (North Atlantic
Treaty Organization)
Warsaw Pact (Stalin and
his communist buddies)
Early Examples of
Containment
Berlin Airlift
Truman Doctrine:
Aid to Greece and Turkey to
fight communism
Marshall Plan:
Aid to rebuild Europe…
And to discourage
countries from
communism
Communism Spreads
• Mao Zedong leads a communist revolution in
China. (1946)
• The United States sends economic and
military aid to the Chinese Nationalists but the
Chinese communists win anyway.
Domino Theory
• If one country in Southeast Asia falls to
communism then all of them will.
Korean War
Communism Spreads
• North Korea becomes
communist and invades
South Korea.
• The two sides are separated
by the 38th parallel.
Containment
• South Korea is backed by
the United Nations and the
United States.
• United States joins the
United Nations to protect
South Korea.
• The war ends in a stalemate
and neither side gains any
ground.
They were separated by the 38th parallel, an
imaginary line that divides Korea at 38 degrees north
latitude.
This cartoon by the British cartoonist David Low, from the Daily Herald
(30 Jun 1950), shows Truman and the United Nations rushing to
Korea’s aid.
North Korean troops moved steadily south.
They conquered the South Korean
capital of Seoul.
For 2 years, fighting continued. But
neither side advanced.
MacArthur wanted to extend the war into China.
He even suggested dropping atomic bombs on
China. Truman was against this strategy. The
Soviets were allies of the Chinese. Truman felt
bombing China would start WWIII.
A cease-fire went into effect in June 1951
Both sides agreed on a
demilitarized zone at
the 38th parallel.
North Korea
38th Parallel
South Korea
An armistice was signed in July
1953.
The agreement was
a stalemate. Korea
was still divided
b/w Communist N.
Korea & nonCommunist S.
Korea.
Bay of Pigs
Communism Spreads
• Fidel Castro leads a
communist revolution in
Cuba in 1959.
• Cuba is only 90 miles from
the U.S. coast.
• Castro exiles people that
don’t agree with him(expatriots) and they flee to
America.
Containment
• Kennedy assembles a secret
mission to try and
overthrow the government
of Cuba and kill Castro.
• We train Cuban ex-patriots
and send them to Cuba.
• They failed miserably and
Cuba remained communist.
Bay of Pigs Invasion
Cuba
Bay of Pigs invasion
President John F. Kennedy
Cuban leader
Fidel Castro
Cuban Missile Crisis
Communism Spreads
• The Soviet Union sets up
missile sites in Cuba.
• They have intercontinental
ballistic missiles that can
easily reach major cities in
the United States.
• These missiles can carry
nuclear bombs.
Containment
• American U2 spy planes
photograph the missile
sites.
• Kennedy and Kruschev
negotiate about the missiles
in Cuba.
• Finally we place a naval
blockade around Cuba and
the Soviets agree to remove
their missiles.
Cuban Missile Crisis
Soviet Intermediate Range Nuclear
Ballistic Missile
Cuban Missile Crisis
John F. Kennedy
Nikita Kruschev
Blockade of Cuba
Vietnam War
Communism Spreads
• North Vietnam is led by
communist leader Ho Chi
Minh.
• North Vietnam invades
South Vietnam which is
non-communist.
Containment
• The United States commits
a massive amount of troops
to try and keep Communism
out of South Vietnam.
• Eventually, after many lives
were lost, the United States
backs out of the war and
South Vietnam becomes
communist.
Vietnam War
Just like Korea
the country is
divided
between
Communists in
the North and
noncommunists in
the South.
Cold War Conflicts
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Communism Spreads
Communist Revolution in
China.
Castro becomes communist
leader of Cuba.
North Korea (Communist)
invades South Korea.
Soviets put Missiles in Cuba.
North Vietnam (Communist)
invades South Vietnam.
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Containment Policy
Truman sends aid to help fight
the Communists. (fail)
Bay of Pigs attempt to
overthrow Castro. (fail)
U.S. joins United Nations
peacekeeping effort. (success)
Kennedy uses a
blockade.(success)
U.S. commits troops to South
Vietnam to fight the
communists. (fail)