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World War II
Chapter 28
Part I (p. 623-627)
Vocabulary:
1. dictator: ruler who has total control over his people
2. totalitarian: a government with total control over its people
3. aggression: a war-like act against another country without
reason
Review:
1. isolationism: policy of not being involved in foreign affairs
2. neutral: not taking sides
Fill in the word or phrases that best completes the paragraph:
In the 1930’s almost every country in the world was in a great
depression. While President Roosevelt fought the Depression at
home, some countries in Europe turned to dictators or rulers who
have total control over their people to help them out of the
Depression. A government that has total control over its citizens’
lives is called a totalitarian government. The United States didn’t pay
a lot of attention to what was happening in Europe because we had
so many economic problems of our own. We were in an isolationist
mood which means we wanted to stay out of foreign affairs and just
incase a war broke out in Europe. Congress passed the Neutrality
Act to make sure we stayed neutral.
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Dictators Of Europe
Dictator
Country
Mussolini
Italy
Hitler
Germany
Party
Fascist
Beliefs/ Acts
Give 5:
Give 6:
Give: 4
1.outlawed all
political parties
except his own
1.Germans were a
superior race.
1. afraid of Hitler
2. no criticism of
the gov’t
3.total obedience
4. controlled the
press
5.wanted Italy to
be like it was
when Rome ruled
the world.
Nazi
Stalin
Soviet
Union
Communist
2. blamed Jews for
Germany’s problems
3. said treaty of
Versailles was unfair
4. controlled press,
schools, and religion
5. built up the
German military
6.said Germany had
the right to expand
1922: he took total 1933: became head
control in Italy
of Germany
2.wanted to produce
steel and oil so they
could protect
themselves from
Germany
3.you are punished if
you don’t obey the
gov’t
4.you have to give up
your farm and join a
gov’t run collective
farm
You exist for the good
of Russia
1935: led army
into Ethiopia to
end depression
2
Japan
Hit hard by the Depression.
1930’s: military leaders took control in Japan
1931: attacked Manchuria (China) for more natural resources
1937: full scale attach on China
1941: Tojo took control
5. Many countries did not agree with Japan’s actions, but did nothing
because of the Great Depression.
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Place the following events on the timeline. Star all acts of appeasement and
circle all acts of aggression. (626-627)
Italy takes Ethiopia
Japan takes Manchuria
France and Britain declare war on Germany
Hitler annexes Austria
Germany invades Poland
Hitler takes Rhineland
Hitler takes Sudetenland (part of Czechoslovakia)
Hitler takes rest of Czechoslovakia
Munich Conference (explain it)
Nazi/Soviet pact (explain it)
1930
1931- Japan takes Manchuria*
1935- Italy takes Ethiopia*
1936- Hitler takes Rhineland*
1938- Hitler takes Austria*
1938- Hitler takes Sudetenland*
1938- Munich Conference- England and
France let Hitler keep what land he
had already taken if he promised not
to take any more
1939- Hitler takes rest of
Czechoslovakia*
1939- Nazi/Soviet pact- Hitler and Stalin
promise not to attack each other,
but to both attack Poland*
1939- Germany invades Poland*
1939- France and Britain declare war on
Germany (9/3/39)
Review:
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Appeasement: giving in to keep the
peace
Aggression: a war like act against
another country without reason
5
Label each incident to show what it is an example of:
N= nationalist
AL= alliances
M= militarism
I= imperialism
T= totalitarian government
AP= appeasement
N 1. Mussolini tries to restore Italy to the grandeur of ancient Rome.
T 2. Mussolini controlled the Italian press.
I 3. Mussolini invaded Ethiopia.
N/T 4. Italian students were taught to obey Mussolini.
M 5. Hitler built up a huge army.
T 6. Nazis controlled press, schools, and religion.
N/I 7. Hitler said Germany had the right to expand to the east and
retakes land
lost by the Treaty of Versailles.
N/I 8. Hitler annexed Austria.
I/AL 9. Nazi-Soviet Pact.
M 10. Stalin builds up his army in case of German aggression.
AP 11. France and Great Britain give into Hitler to keep the peace.
I 12. Japan takes over Manchuria.
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World War II (p. 627- 631)
Axis Powers
1. German
2. Italy
3. Japan
Allied Powers
1. Britain
2. France
3. China
4.* USSR
5.* USA
6.* 41 other
nations
* joined later
More aggression and More aggression
Soviets take over
1. Finland
2. Estonia
3. Latvia
4. Lithuania
Hitler takes over
1. Denmark
2. Norway
3. Netherlands
4. Belgium
5. France
Blitzkrieg: lightning war- the way Hitler attacks fast
By 1940 Britain was left along Europe to fight
Hitler/Germany. Their prime minister was Winston Churchill.
In 1940 the U.S. elected Franklin Roosevelt as President for the 3rd
time.
In 1941 Hitler broke his promise and attacked Stalin/USSR.
What do you think? Should the U.S. help the Allies? Why?
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America says we’re neutral, but we are helping the Allies:
Cash and Carry
Sales
U.S. would sell
weapons to the Allies
if they pay cash for
them and carry them
in their own ships.
50 Year old
Destroyers
were given to
England in exchange
for a 99 year lease on
military bases in the
Caribbean
Lend Lease Act
Allowed FDR to sell
or lend weapons to
any country that
might be hurt by the
axis powers.
What else makes it look like we’re thinking about war?
1.
2.
Congress increased spending for
the army and navy.
A draft was set up.
In 1941 FDR met with Winston Churchill. They discussed how the
world should be when the war was over. Their hopes for peace were
called the Atlantic Charter.
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Meanwhile in Japan….
In 1940 Japan joined the Axis powers.
They took over colonies that belonged to France and Holland.
The U.S. shows it’s angry at Japan for being aggressive by cutting off
the sale of oil and scrap metal to Japan.
In November of 1941, the U.S. and Japan meet.
Japan wants: the U.S. to sell them oil and scrap metal again.
U.S. wants Japan to leave China and other islands it has taken over.
Result of meeting: no compromise
December 7, 1941: Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
December 8, 1941: U.S. declared war on Japan
December 11, 1941: Germany and Italy declare war on U.S.
The U.S. is now at WAR!!!!!!!!!!!!
Home front notes:
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World War II Winning the War (p. 635-643)
I. When the U.S. entered the war the Allies were fighting the Axis on
3 fronts, in the Pacific, North Africa, and Europe.
They decided to beat the Germany and Italy first.
II. On the map of the Pacific:
1. Circle 8 places the Japanese had taken over.
2. Put a star on three islands the Allies won back in 1942.
3. Who was the U.S. commander in the Pacific? Douglass
MacArthur
III.
On the Map of North Africa and Europe:
1. Show where Rommel and his German army were by writing Rommel’s
name on the location.
2. Using a red arrow with Eisenhower’s name on it, show from what
directions Eisenhower’s men came from and where they met Rommel.
Add the date.
3. Follow Eisenhower’s route thru Sicily into Italy and up to Rome. Make
a star on Rome because it’s now free of the Nazis. Add the date.
4. Draw a green arrow to show where the Russians pushed the German.
Mark the arrow USSR.
5. Draw an blue arrow labeled Allies to show where the Allied troops left
from on June 6, 1944 and where they landed. Write the date, code
name, and leader in the space next to Britain.
6. Follow the Allies in blue to Paris. Star Paris and add the date.
7. Continue the blue arrow into Germany. Mark the Battle of the Bulge
and the date (Belgium).
8. Continue the Allies’ arrow into Berlin.
9. Continue the green Russian arrow into Berlin.
10. Start Berlin.
11. Mark it with a Big VE Day!!!
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12. Add the date.
13. Make a key.
In 1944 FDR was elected again (4 times), however, he died in April,
and Truman became President. When Germany surrendered, Hitler
committed suicide.
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The Pacific
Now that the Allied had won in Europe, we had to turn our full
attention to fighting in the Pacific.
Our 2 main goals were:
1.win back the Philippines
2. invade Japan
To achieve this goal we planned to “island hop”, which means
capturing some Japanese held islands and going around others.
Gen. MacArthur was in charge of American forces in the Pacific.
Kamikaze: pilots who crashed their planes into American ships on
suicide missions
On the map of the Pacific:
1. Put a star on 3 islands the Allies won back from Japan.
2. Draw a few red ships to show where the allies were by the
spring of 1945.
3.
Potsdam Conference
When: July 1945
Who: Truman, Churchill, Stalin
Message sent to Japan: surrender or face utter and prompt
destruction
Japan ignored the message!
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VJ Day
August 6, 1945: Enola Gay dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima
August 8, 1945: Soviet Union declares war on Japan
August 9, 1945: U.S. drops second atomic bomb on Nagasaki
August 14, 1945: Japan surrenders- VJ day- victory over Japan
IT’S OVER!!!
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