Download Cell Test Review

Survey
yes no Was this document useful for you?
   Thank you for your participation!

* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project

Document related concepts
no text concepts found
Transcript
Cell Test Review
What are the three principles of the
cell theory?
• 1. Cells come from pre-existing cells.
• 2. Cells are the organizational units of
multicellular organisms and single cells are the
smallest organisms.
• 3. All living things are composed of cells.
What are the two most important
features that distinguish prokaryotic
from eukaryotic cells?
• Eukaryotes have their DNA enclosed in a
nucleus and prokaryote DNA is in the
cytoplasm.
• Eukaryotes have organelles and prokaryotes
do not.
What is the outermost layer of a plant
cell?
Cell Wall
What is the outermost layer of animal cells?
Cell membrane
What four features do all cells share?
•
•
•
•
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
DNA
Ribosomes
What shape do plant and animal cells
take and why?
• Plant cells are boxy due to their rigid cell wall.
• Animal cells take on a variety of different
shapes because their outer layer is the thin,
flexible cell membrane
What are specialized cells?
• Cells with specific structures and functions.
What type of organism has specialized
cells?
• Multicellular (plants, animals, fungi…)
Provide an example of a specialized
cell and how its structure relates to its
function.
• Muscle cells have lots of mitochondria to
produce ATP for contraction.
• Leaf cells have lots of chloroplasts for
photosynthesis.
• Cells lining the respiratory system have cilia to
trap debris and sweep it out of the airway.
What cell structures are found in the
nucleus?
• DNA and nucleolus
• Which cell is specialized
to receive and transmit
signals?
• Neuron (branch-like
extensions)
• Which cell is capable of
moving fluids and
particles past it?
• Columnar/Goblet cells
(they have cilia)
Write the cell structure that carries out
each function below.
• Protect and support the cell
• Cell Wall
• Isolate the cell interior, control what enters and
leaves the cell
• Cell Membrane
• Break down glucose to generate ATP
• Mitochondria
• Synthesize Proteins
• RER, Ribosomes
• Breakdown food or old/defective cell parts
• Lysosomes
• Manage cell activities
• Nucleus
• Store starch and pigments
• Plastids
• Maintain cell shape, move structures within
the cell, allow cell to divide and move
• Cytoskeleton
• Capture sun’s energy to make glucose
• Chloroplast
• Sort, modify and package products from the
ER.
• Golgi
• Store water, enzymes, amino acids, waste
• Vacuole
• Compound that stores instructions for making
proteins
• DNA
• Control the passage of materials into and out
of nucleus
• Nuclear Membrane
• Synthesize lipids, detoxify harmful substances
• SER
• Whip-like tail that moves the cell
• Flagella
• Make ribosomes
• Nucleolus
• Tiny hairs that move the cell or move fluids past
the cell
• Cilia
• Transport materials within the cytoplasm
• Vesicles
• Protect and support the cell.
• Cell Wall
What features would be found in a
plant cell but NOT an animal cell?
•
•
•
•
Cell wall
Chloroplast
Large, central vacuole
Plastids
What is the endomembrane system?
• Group of structures that can exchange
contents because all are surrounded or
composed of the same type of membrane.
How is cargo exchanged within the
endomembrane system?
• It buds off from one structure forming a
vesicle. The vesicle fuses with another
structure.
These three protein fibers composed
the cytoskeleton
• Microtubules
• Microfilaments
• Intermediate filaments
These structures are part of the
endomembrane system.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Cell membrane
ER (rough and smooth)
Vesicles
Vacuoles
Golgi
Lysosomes
Nuclear Membrane
What is an organelle?
• A structure in a eukaryotic cell enclosed by
membrane with a specific function
Describe the path a protein takes from
synthesis to export.
• The protein is made by the RER (or free
ribosomes)
• The protein is packaged into a vesicle and
travels to the golgi.
• The protein is sorted, modified and
repackaged into another vesicle by the golgi.
• The vesicle is sent to the plasma membrane
and the protein is released outside the cell.
What class of organic compound are
most cell structures made of?
• Proteins
Identify the cell types (plant, animal,
or bacteria) that would have each of
the following structures.
• Nucleus
• Plant and Animal
• DNA
• Plant, animal, bacteria
• Chloroplast
• Plant
• Mitochondria
• Plant and Animal
• Cilia
• Animal
Flagella
Animal and Bacteria
Ribosomes
Plant, Animal, Bacteria
• ER
• Plant and Animal
• Golgi
• Plant and Animal
• Lysosomes
• Plant and Animal
• Nuclear Membrane
• Plant and Animal
Which of the following cells contains a
nucleus and organelles?
• Leaf cell, dog muscle cell, bacteria cell, human
brain cell
• Leaf, dog muscle, human brain
Based on this microscopic image, what
type of cell are you looking at (plant,
animal or bacteria).
• Plant (thick cell wall,
boxy, nucleus)
How would you classify these cells?
(plant, animal, bacteria)
Animal (nucleus, irregular
and not boxy)
Label each cell structure.
K
I
J
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
A= cell wall
B= RER
C= chloroplasts
D= SER
E= nucleus
F= golgi
G= vacuole
H= mitochondria
I = nucleolus
J= cell membrane
K= DNA