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Transcript
The Athenian “Empire” The Persian War had interesting effect on Hellas Common enemy united city states for the first time (Athens and Sparta fight side by side) Athens began to replace Sparta as dominant power (navy, leadership) Once Persians were gone, divisions returned Themistocles and Athenian ruins (beginning of tensions) Spartan general situation (replaced by Athenian general) Due to these conflicts, Sparta withdraws to the Peloponnesus Up to other city states to protect Hellas from Persia 478 BC – Confederacy of Delos created (Delian League) Led (dominated) by Athens Members contributed money/ships – navy created to protect all, Means that Athens has a huge fighting force States not allowed to drop out (Naxos and Thasos eventually crushed) Pericles - Leader of Athens Responsible for turning the Delian League into an Athenian Empire Champion of democracy – often called “the first citizen of Athens” (ironic – why?) Had a huge forehead Athens gradually took more and more control of league Crushed those who tried to withdraw (Naxos and Thasos) Became known as “the enslaver of Hellas” Eventually moved treasure and congress from Delos to Athens – true Athenian Empire! Tensions grew Sparta vs. Athens Delian League partially a defence against Spartan oppression Now Sparta outnumbered and threatened Athens vs. Delian League states Athens using funds however it wanted (city projects, etc) Ruled with an iron fist – demanded tribute (“donations”) from states, etc. Athenians vs. Athenians – Democrats vs. Conservatives Pericles (Democrat) was an amazing speaker – genius at winning over the masses FRUSTERATED the Conservatives, divided Athens Pericles loved two things: Democracy and Athens However, could not hold onto both Letting Athens dominate other states was not democratic Led to the war that destroyed Greek democracy