Download 1. Name the planet*..

1. Name the planet…..
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
Earth
Mars
Saturn
Uranus
Mars
Saturn
Jupiter
Jupiter
Uranus and Neptune
Venus
2. Why is Venus called Earth’s
twin?
• They are almost the same size.
3. What force pulls objects
together?
• gravity
4. How long does it take Earth to
complete one revolution?
• One year ( 365 days)
5. How long does it take Earth to
complete one rotation?
• One day (24 hours)
6. If Earth’s rotation slowed, what
would happen to an Earth day?
• It would be longer—more than 24 hours.
7. What is the sequence that
describes a space rock that falls to Earth’s
surface?
• Meteoroid, meteor, meteorite
8. In general what condition on the
planets is MOST affected by its distance
from the Sun?
• temperature
9. What is the order of the planets
from the Sun to the edge of our solar
system?
• Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter,
Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
10. What is the order of the planets
by size from smallest to largest?
• Mercury, Mars, Venus, Earth, Uranus,
Neptune, Saturn, Jupiter
11. If Earth’s revolution increased
and its rotation decreased, what would
happen to the length of our days and
years?
• Earth’s year would be shorter; an Earth
day would be longer
12. An astronaut who weighs 90 kilograms on
Earth weighs 15.3 kilogram on the moon. What
does this tell you about gravity on the moon
compared to gravity on the Earth?
• Earth’s mass and gravity are greater than Moon’s
mass and gravity
13. What are the other names for the group of
planets called the inner planets?
• terrestrial planets and rocky planets
14.What are the other names for the group of
planets called the outer planets?
• gas giants; gaseous planets
15. How does gravity affect how far you can jump
on other planets?
• The greater the mass of a planet, the greater the
gravity, and the shorter the distance you can jump.
16. What would happen to the water on Earth if we
were closer to the sun?
• It would evaporate
17. What are the heavier gases that make up most
of the mass of Uranus and Neptune?
• Methane, ammonia, water
19. What do scientists think each of the four gas
giants have deep in its center?
• A solid core
20. What is produced by Jupiter’s fast rotation?
• Fast winds and stormy weather
21. How many Earth years does it take Jupiter to go
around the Sun once?
• Jupiter takes 12 Earth years to orbit the Sun.
22. What are Jupiter’s white stripes?
• Cold clouds may of crystals of frozen ammonia
23. What are the types of space objects in the solar
system?
• Planets, moons, asteroids, comets
24. What is the unit of measurement used for the
distances of planets from the Sun?
• AU –astronomical unit
25. What is the unit of measurement used for the
sizes of planets?
• kilometers
26. Why is the unit of measurement used for the
distances of planets from the Sun different from the
unit used for their sizes?
• Distances of planets from the Sun are too great to
use kilometers. An astronomical unit is much
greater than a kilometer.
27. How did the planets and other objects in the
solar system form out of material in a disk?
• The solid material stuck together in clumps, and
the clumps stuck together and became larger.
28. Why do the planets all orbit in one direction?
• The planets formed out of material that was
moving around in one direction.
• Venus is the exception since it rotates and revolves
in the opposite direction.
29. Why do planets and large moons have spherical
shape?
• Gravity pulled in parts that stuck out.
30. What is the difference between revolution and
rotation? Give an example of each AND draw and
label a diagram of each.
• A revolution is the motion of one object around another
object. Ex. The Earth revolves around the Sun. It takes the
Earth one year (365 days) to complete one revolution.
•
Rotation is the turning of an object on its axis. Ex. The
Earth rotates on its axis. It take one day (24 hours) to
complete one rotation.
31. How can an atmosphere affect the temperature
of a planet’s surface?
• An Atmosphere is like a blanket. It can make a
surface warmer and more uniform in temperature.
32. Why are the gas giants dense inside?
Gravity pulls the material together and makes the gases very
dense.
33. Which planet has a greater mass than all the
other planets put together?
• Jupiter
34. What do you see instead of a solid surface when
you look at an image of a giant planet?
• layers of clouds
35. Which planets have rings?
• All the outer planets
36. Why do Jupiter and Saturn show a lot of white,
while Uranus and Neptune are more blue in color?
• Uranus and Neptune have methane gas which
gives them a blue color.
37. Most of Saturn is much less dense than most of
Earth. Yet Saturn’s mass is much greater than Earth’s
mass. How can this be so?
• Saturn is so much larger than Earth that its total mass is
greater.
38. Why do scientists know less about Pluto than
about Mars?
• No spacecraft has been close enough to Pluto to
get clear images.
39. What are asteroids?
• small, solid, rocky bodies
40. Between which two planets are most asteroids found?
What is this huge area called?
• Most asteroids are between Mars and Jupiter in an
area called the Asteroid Belt.
41. Why do asteroids have craters?
• Asteroids experience impacts that cause craters,
and the craters are usually not erased by other
processes.
42. Draw a diagram of a comet and label coma,
nucleus, tail.
43. In what part of a comet’s orbit is its tail longest?
• when it is nearest the Sun
44. Which direction does a comet’s tail always
point?
• Away from the Sun
45. What is the difference between a meteoroid, a meteor,
and a meteorite?
• A meteoroid is a chunk of matter in space. A meteor is a
flash of light when a meteoroid burns in Earth’s
atmosphere.
• A meteorite is a chunk of matter that hits Earth’s surface.
46. What causes the brief streak of light known as a
meteor?
• a meteoroid that burns up in the atmosphere is a
meteor
47. Even though orbits are ellipses, what shape is a
typical planet’s orbit most like?
• A circle
48. Describe the nebular theory.
• The nebular theory states that the solar system
began as a huge cloud of gas and dust called a
nebulae, which later condensed to form the Sun
and its eight planets.
49. Explain the heliocentric model of the solar
system.
• The prefix helio- means Sun. The heliocentric theory
means the solar system is Sun centered. The Earth and
other planets revolve around the Sun.
51. Draw and label the layers of the Sun.