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Exponential and Logarithmic Functions & their Graphs Exponential Functions and Graphs Definition of an Exponential Function: The exponential function where , and with base is defined by For all real numbers , the function defined by is any real number. is called the natural exponential function. Notice that the base of the exponential function is required to be positive and cannot be equal to 1. Properties of an exponential function: For all positive real numbers , the exponential function defined by has the following properties: 1. has the set of real numbers as its domain. 5. is a one-to-one function. 2. has the set of positive real numbers as its range. 6. is an increasing function if 3. has a graph with -intercept of 7. is a decreasing function if 4. has a graph asymptotic to the -axis. axis. . Figure A . See Figure A. . See Figure B. Figure B . . (0,1) (0,1) Logarithmic Functions and Graphs Definition of Logarithmic Function: The logarithmic function where is a positive constant, with base , and is defined by is any positive real number. Note: Logarithmic functions are inverses of the corresponding exponential functions. Properties of a logarithmic function: For all positive real numbers , the function defined by has the following properties: 1. has the set of positive real numbers as its domain. 5. is a one-to-one function. 2. has the set of real numbers as its range. 6. is an increasing function if 3. has a graph with an -intercept of 7. is a decreasing function if 4. has a graph asymptotic to the -axis. axis. Figure C . (1,0) . Figure D . (1,0) . See Figure C. . See Figure D. Practice Problems Sketch graphs for each of the following exponential and logarithmic functions and label the intercepts: 1. 4 8. 2 log 2. 1 9. log 4 3. ln 1 10. log 1 4. log 11. ln 3 5. log 12. ln 2 6. log 13. 5 ln 7. 2 log 14. 3 ln Practice Problems Answers 1. 4. 2. 5. 3. 6. 7. 11. 8. 12. 9. 13. 10. 14.