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PBA Front-End Programming Communication Communication Why do we communicate…? Communication • • • • Pass information Persuation Coordination …? Communication Communication Why do we make websites…? Communication • The purpose of a website is to communicate! • The purpose of a website is (usually) not to demonstrate technical brilliance • What can we do with this wonderful web programming technology…? • How can we implement this wonderful web design…? Communication • Specific purposes of communication can be as diverse for websites as for real life: – Pass information [READ THIS!] – Persuation [BUY THIS!] – Coordination [DO THIS!] • There are obvious overlaps… Communication • What is the specific purpose (with regards to communication) for a website for: – A political party (UK Labor Party) – An online bookstore (Amazon) – A web design tutorial (WebStyleGuide) – An aid organisation (Red Cross) – An online universe for kids (Club Penguin) – A social media (Facebook) Communication • How does communication work…? Communication • Computers are lucky! Communication • In the ideal world – The sender has a certain ”mental state” about some information – The sender communicates something about this information to the receiver – The receiver is now in the same ”mental state” about this information Communication • Humans don’t work like that… Oh John, listen, I’ve decided to come out of the closet! What were you doing inside a closet…? Communication • What hinders ”perfect communication”? – Language (verbal and non-verbal) – Noise (actual and ”semantic”) – Context (culture, background, assumptions,…) Communication • Many theories and frameworks for analysis of communication • One prominent theory/model: Social Constructionism • The Constructionist View: ”How you say something determines what the message is” • Cannot separate form and content Communication • If we accept the Constructionist View, what are the consequences? – No absolute truths – No absolute messages – People – and groups of people – construct their own reality (consensus reality), so… – Always consider the point-of-view of the receiver of any information Communication • Consensus reality – Is Nike the best brand of sports shoes…or have enough people agreed that it is so? – Is Global Warming a scientific fact…or have enough people agreed that it is so? – Is Facebook the best website for social interaction…or have enough people agreed that it is so? Communication • Cognitive bias – The tendency for people to make ”poor” decisions, based on a particular situation – Is this relevant when designing websites…? – Depending on your purpose – cognitive bias can be ”exploited” – Example: Red Cross (I would rather help ”this one child”, than all these anonymous thousands…) Communication