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Transcript
Test on Mahayana Buddhism Mahayana Buddhism • 1. What does Mahayana mean? • 2. How do Mahayana Buddhists refer to Theravada Buddhists? • 3. Between which centuries did Mahayana probably emerge? What makes Mahayana distinct from Theravada? • 1. When were the Buddhist Sutras written down? • 2.The ideal for a Theravada Buddhist is to become an Arhat; What is now the ideal for a Mahayana Buddhist? • 3.Wisdom was always seen as the most important virtue for a Theravada Buddhist; what is now the equivalent for a Mahayana Buddhist? • 4. What is ‘Upaya’? • 5. Name two important Mahayana Schools. The Mahayana Sutras • 1. Why were they written? (Give two reasons). • 2. Where are they traditionally said to have come from? • 3. Name the four main types of Mahayana writings. • 4. Briefly explain the strange myth as to how the Mahayana Sutras came into being The Ideal of the Bodhisattva • 1. What is a ‘Pratyeka – Buddha’? • 2. What is the Cravakayana Buddha? • 3. Why did the Mahayana criticise the ideal of the Arhat? • 4. What does the Bodhisattva aim to do? • 5. What does ‘Maha – karuna – citta’ mean with reference to the Bodhisattva? • 6. What does the word ‘‘Bodhisattva’ mean? • 7. Why is the Bodhisattva ideal often seen as the true middle way? • 8. Why will the Bodhisattva not enter into final nirvana? How do you become a Bodhisattva? • 1. A Bodhisattva must first have Bodhicitta – what is this? • 2. What three qualities must be at the heart of a Bodhisattva’s mission? • 3. Name the six Paramitas the Bodhisattva perfects. • Equal emphasis on compassion and wisdom and having faith • 1. What does wisdom show according to Mahayana? • 2. What does compassion show according to Mahayana? • 3. What is faith called in Mahayana Buddhism? • 4. How did Mahayana become accessible to a greater variety of people? • 5. Which Buddha would you find residing in the heavens in Mahayana Buddhism? The Madhyamaka School • 1. Who was the main teacher of the Madhyamaka School? • 2. When did he live? • 3. What major Buddhist teaching that we have previously learned about did he focus on? • 4. What is his teaching on ‘emptiness’ called? • 5. What were his ‘two different levels of awareness? The Yogacara School • 1. Who were the two main founders of this School? • 2. When did they live? • 3. Why is this school sometimes called the ‘Cittamatra School’? • 4. What does Yogacara place great emphasis on? • 5. The trikaya is a great philosophical teaching of the Yogacara School. What are the three components?
