Download Reconstruction PowerPoint

I can analyze the impact of Reconstruction
on Georgia and other southern states.
Freedmen’s Bureau
 Sharecropping and Tenant Farming
 Reconstruction Plans
13th, 14th, 15th Amendments to the
Constitution
Henry McNeal Turner & Black Legislators
Ku Klux Klan
Freedmen’s Bureau
The purpose of the Freedmen’s
Bureau during Reconstruction was to
provide education, food, shelter,
training, and in getting jobs for newly
freed slaves.
Economic Reconstruction
• Without slaves, landowners needed
laborers to work their large farms.
• Two systems emerged:
tenant farming
and
sharecropping
Sharecropping
Tenant Farming
Landowner provides a house,
land, equipment, animals,
fertilizer and seeds.
Workers agreed to give the
owner a share of the harvest.
The landowner issued credit to
the worker to buy medicine,
food, clothing and other
supplies until workers sold
crops.
The landowner gets a share of
the crop and crops to pay any
debt owed.
Sharecroppers rarely had any
cash and little hope to ever
buy their own land and
equipment.
Landowner provides house
and land.
Tenant farmer usually
owned some agricultural
equipment and farm
animals.
At the end of the year,
tenant farmers either paid
the landowner a set amount
of cash or an agreed upon
share of the crop.
Owned more than
sharecroppers.
Usually made a small profit.
Reconstruction Amendments
THE 13TH AMENDMENT TO THE
UNITED STATES’ CONSTITUTION
OFFICIALLY ABOLISHED SLAVERY.
Reconstruction Amendments
THE 14TH AMENDMENT TO THE
UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION
ALSO GAVE FREEDMEN THE RIGHT
TO CITIZENSHIP.
Reconstruction Amendments
THE 14TH AMENDMENT TO THE
UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION
ALSO GAVE FREEDMEN THE RIGHT
TO CITIZENSHIP.
• As a result, Congress passed “The Georgia
Act” and sent troops back to Georgia.
• The act required Georgia to pass the 15th
Amendment giving all males the right to
vote.
th
15
Amendment
 Ratified in 1870 & gave all male citizens the
right to vote.
 The right of citizens of the United States to
vote shall not be denied or abridged by the
United States or by any state on account of
race, color, or previous condition of
servitude.
 The Congress shall have power to enforce
this article by appropriate legislation.
 Women’s rights groups were furious that
they were not granted the vote!
African Americans in Politics
• The election of
1867 was the first
time African
Americans had
voted.
• Several African
Americans were
elected to
Georgia’s
General
Assembly.
AS A RESULT OF THE RECONSTRUCTION ACTS,
MANY AFRICAN AMERICANS SERVED AT THE LOCAL,
STATE, AND NATIONAL LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT
12
Henry McNeal Turner
was one of the first
black men elected to
Georgia’s House of
Representatives.
Colored
Rule
in the
South?
• The African Americans elected
to the General Assembly were
expelled in 1868.
• It was argued by whites that
civil rights laws gave blacks
the right to vote but not to be
elected.
IN RESPONSE TO NEW AFRICAN
AMERICAN RIGHTS, SEVERAL HATE
GROUPS SPRANG UP THROUGHOUT THE
SOUTH.
16
Ku Klux Klan
• The Ku Klux Klan Was The Most Powerful One.
• It Was Created In 1866 By A Group Of Former
Confederate Soldiers Who Planned To Utilize
Violence To Terrorize Blacks And White
Sympathizers To Prevent Them From Exercising
Their New Rights.
• Secret organization – originally started as a social
club for men returning from the war.
• Members hid behind robes and masks.
• The group terrorized blacks to keep them from
voting.
Banks
Banks began
to reopen and
were able to
loan money to
merchants
and
businessmen.
Businesses Reopened
By late 1860Dry goods stores,
shops, and hotels
opened again.
Railroads
Railroads-necessary to the success of Georgia’s economy
expanded across the state.
Ports
Savannah and Brunswick became
important shipping ports.
Atlanta
Atlanta was rebuilt and began to grow
into an important business center.
Capital Moves to Atlanta
In 1868, Georgia’s capital
moved to Atlanta. In 1877,
Georgia voters chose Atlanta
to be the permanent state
capital. The vote was 99,147
to 55,201.
The End of Reconstruction
• The African Americans who had been
expelled from the General Assembly in
1868 were readmitted by the Georgia
Supreme Court in 1870.
• The Assembly approved the 14th and
15th Amendments.
• Georgia was readmitted to the Union,
again, ending Reconstruction.
MAP OF THE DATES THE STATES
REENTERED THE UNION
27