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Transcript
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tqOVYpkZ0qs Bacteria song 3 DOMAINS – Tree of Life More on Classification Why the change from 5 kingdom to 6 kingdom? • Prokaryotes: • Eukaryotes: • What came first: Prokaryote or eukaryote? Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes Archaea VS Cell wall composed of protein Cell wall composed of protein Do not respond to antibiotics Do not respond to antibiotics DNA, RNA, protein synthesis machinery DNA, RNA, protein synthesis machinery Extremophiles Extremophiles Reproduction Reproduction Single celled Prokaryotes Single celled Prokaryotes Ribosomes, Cell Wall, (Flagella – Ribosomes, optional)Cell Wall, (Flagella – optional) Common Ancestor Common Ancestor Size/Shape Bacteria Cell wall composed of peptidoglycan (sugarCell wall composed protein complex)of peptidoglycan (sugarprotein complex) Size/Shape Mesophiles Mesophiles DNA, RNA, protein synthesis machinery DNA, RNA, protein synthesis machinery Mesophiles Mesophiles Reproduction Reproduction http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N-EYTtxsL8g Where they are found BACTERIA Methods of Classification • • • • Shape Gram Staining Habitat Nutrition DIFFERENT SHAPES Coccus (pl. cocci) Spirochetes (pl. spirilli) Bacillus (pl. bacilli) Gram Staining -Gram stain applied to bacteria to determine cell wall composition Gram Staining Results Gram-positive bacteria Gram-negative bacteria Habitat METHANOGENS - Produce methane gas - Found in guts of some animals THERMOPHILES - Heat lovers MESOPHILES - Live in moderate temperatures of 15-40ºC HALOPHILES - Salt loving Nutrition Autotrophs - Heterotrophs – Defense!!!! • • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JnlULOjUhSQ&feature =related White blood cell eating bacteria • Naturally our immune system fights them •Give Antibiotics Reproduction in Bacteria Why study reproduction in bacteria? What is the advantage of asexual vs. sexual reproduction? http://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=gEwzDydci Wc Conjugation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O-EdX4MaMFE Transformation Transduction Endospore Formation Question: Why is the formation of an endospore beneficial to the bacteria? BENEFICIAL USES OF BACTERIA • Nitrogen fixation • Recombinant DNA technology • Genetic studies Other Applications of Bacteria • Waste Management – bioremediation uses bacteria to remove toxic material (oil, acid, pesticides, radioactive wastes) • Sewage Treatment – bacteria decompose organic matter (i.e. septic tanks with human feces) • Dairy Foods – used to create dairy products (texture, flavour). – Probiotic bacteria in yogurt!
