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The Circulatory System By Mrs. Grennell Parts of the circulatory system • Heart • Blood • Blood Vessels The Circulatory System is a highway • The body transports food and oxygen to each cell • The body removes wastes from each cell Functions of Blood Plasma • Plasma: Carries food from the digestive system to your cells. It also carries away cell’s waste. • Moves chemicals from one part of the blood to another. • Provides cells with water Red Blood Cells • Red blood cells carry oxygen to your body’s cells. • Red blood cells are bright red when carrying oxygen. They are darker red after they give the oxygen to a cell. • Shape: Discs with a dimple on the side White Blood Cells • White blood cells protect your body against germs and other harmful things. • Some wrap around and break down germs, pieces of waste, and dead cells • Others make chemicals that kill germs. • When the body is fighting infection, the white blood cells increase in your body. • Shape: Come in different shapes and sizes Platelets • Pieces of cells that float in blood • Main job is to stop bleeding/ form blood clots • They clump together and stick to the edges of a cut. • Not complete cells Blood Disorders Sickle-Cell anemia: Red blood cells have a shape like a crescent moon. Oxygen is not carried well to the cells. Embolism: Clot that flows freely in blood vessels and then blocks a vessel Leukemia: White cells do not form correctly and numbers increase too quickly Red Blood Cells Plasma White blood cells and platelets Blood Misconceptions • Blood is never actually blue • Artists use blue in their drawings to distinguish between blood vessels carrying oxygen-poor blood • Artists use red in their drawings to show blood vessels carrying oxygen rich blood. Kinds of Blood Vessels • Arteries • Capillaries • Veins Arteries • Blood vessels that carry blood away from your heart to other parts of your body. • Have thick, muscular walls that stretch as blood is pushed through Capillaries • Smallest arteries branch to become smallest blood vessels • Capillary: The smallest kind of blood vessel • Cells of capillaries are only one cell thick. This allows gases to pass through the thin walls. • Oxygen moves from blood in your Y o capillaries to cells. u r • Carbon dioxide and other wastes move c e from cells to your l capillaries s Veins • Capillaries join together to form your tiniest veins • Veins: Blood vessels that take blood from cells back to your heart • Tiny veins join to make larger and larger veins • Veins have valves • Valves prevent blood from flowing in the wrong direction Parts of the Heart Virtual Tour of the heart • http://www.biologyinmotion.com/cardio/ind ex.html Parts of the Heart • Your heart is divided into two sides • Right side pumps blood to the lungs • Blood gets oxygenated and gives up carbon dioxide • Blood then flows to the left side of the heart • Left side pumps blood through arteries to the body Sides of the heart • Each side of the heart is divided into 2 parts. • Atrium: The upper part of the heart • Ventricle: The lower part of the heart • Ventricles are larger and more powerful than atriums Muscles of your heart • Small blood vessels in your heart give the muscles of your heart oxygen, food, and water. • If blood vessels get clogged, blood cannot reach the heart muscles-This is a form of heart disease Heart Beat • Your heart pumps in a repeating pattern. • Left atrium and right atrium pump first, then the two ventricles pump. • There is a brief rest and then it is repeated • People become sick if the pattern is interrupted or not followed • As you exercise your heart pumps faster. It pumps slowly when you are resting. • • • • • • • • • • • Song of the Circulatory System Chorus: Arteries carry the blood away Veins come back to the heart all day 60,000 miles it goes Around and through the heart it flows In the veins the blood is blue Deoxygenated, yes that’s true But in the arteries it’s red To carry oxygen throughout, it’s said The white blood cells are important ones The spleen, lymph nodes, and tonsils make some To fight off germs and kill disease Producing antibodies when it needs Chorus Hemoglobin’s in the red blood cell Iron’s found in there as well Without all that, anemic we’d be With orange-looking blood, you’d tire easily Three blood vessels do the job for you Arteries, veins, and capillaries, too Arteries are large, and capillaries, small So nutrients can pass right through their walls Chorus The veins contain the valves that shut So blood only flows one way for us In the heart four chambers you’ll find Atrium and ventricle- left and right Two types of circulation I know Pulmonary and systemic both flow The first to the lungs, the second all around Circulation is a never-ending sound Chorus Many thanks to Robin Walling for permission to display these lyrics. © Robin Walling. All rights reserved. Used with permission