Download Metamorphic rocks

Did you know the Earth is a giant rock?
• Minerals are nonliving, solid substances
• They occur naturally - they are not made by
people
• Minerals have different shapes, colors,
weights, and degrees of hardness
• Minerals come together to form rocks
•There are three types of rocks:
•Each type of rock is formed in a
different way
• Igneous rocks form when molten material cools and
hardens.
– If the molten material is inside the earth, it is called magma.
– If the molten material is on the earth’s surface, it is called lava.
• The molten material crystallizes into different minerals.
• The properties and sizes of the various crystals depend on
the magma’s composition and rate of cooling.
• Magma pushes up toward the
surface.
• A volcano forms on the
surface.
• Lava flows out of the volcano
and cools quickly, forming
igneous rocks.
• Underground magma pools
form, the magma cools
slowly, forming crystallized
igneous rocks.
Examples of
Igneous Rocks…
Obsidian
Pumice
Granite
Basalt
The beauty of
Pumice
• Sedimentary rocks are made of sediments
– Sediments come from eroded igneous,
metamorphic, and other sedimentary rocks, and the
remains of dead plants and animals.
• These sediments are deposited in layers and
are then squeezed and compressed into rock.
• Most fossils are found in sedimentary rocks.
• Over time, eroded
sediments deposited
at the base of a river.
• Under great
pressure, the
sediments are
pressed or squeezed
to form sedimentary
rocks.
Examples of Sedimentary Rocks…
Shale
Limestone
Sandstone
Conglomerate
Sandstone
Sedimentary Samples
• Metamorphic rocks form when sedimentary,
igneous, or other metamorphic rocks are
transformed by great heat and/or pressure.
• The word “metamorphic” come from the Greek
language and means “to change form”.
• Sediments sink and
add pressure on lower
rocks.
• Heat and pressure
beneath the surface
change the mineral
make-up older rocks,
forming new
metamorphic rocks.
Examples of
Metamorphic Rocks…
Marble
Gneiss
Schist
Metamorphic Mts.
Metamorphic Rock:
Before and After
Rock cycle graphic: Earth Science: Part 2, (2002). The rock
cycle. http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/7.asp
Rock formation animations: Rocky the Rock Hound.
http://www.fi.edu/fellows/fellow1/oct98/
Gravel background: sprott.physics.wisc.edu/ fractals.htm
Sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic fill photos:
http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/docs/usgsnps/rxmin/rock.html