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Name: __________________________ Date: _______________________ Period: ______ 94: A Meeting of Minds Read pages F-30 through F-35 and answer the following questions. 1. Define evolution: Changes through time 2. Which two scientists had theories about evolution? Charles Darwin and Jean-Baptiste Lamarck. 3. A. Compare and contrast Darwin and Lamark’s theories of evolution: Darwin Lamark Noticed variations among species Species with traits that help them survive live long enough to reproduce Offspring have similar traits to their parents Know species evolve Know that parents pass traits to offspring Know that evolution happens slowly over a long period of time Thought that giraffes stretched their necks to reach leaves Thought that parents pass on acquired traits to offspring Eventually the helpful trait may become an adaptation 3. B. Why do scientists favor Darwin’s theory? There is ample evidence for Darwin’s theory. Variation can be observed. We know that genes are passed down to offspring (not acquired traits). 4. What is natural selection? Natural selection is when an organism has traits that allow it to live long enough to reproduce and then they pass on those traits. 5. Ancestors of modern elephants had much shorter trunks than elephants do today. Use Lamark’s theory of evolution to explain how the trunks of elephants might get longer over many generations. The elephant would stretch its trunk to reach leaves higher on the trees. The trunk would become longer from all of the stretching. The elephant would then have babies that have longer trunks. 6. Use the Darwin/Wallace theory of natural selection to explain how the trunks of elephants might get longer over many generations. Some elephants had longer trunks than others. The elephants with the longer trunks could find food more easily so they live long enough to reproduce. Since their long trunk was genetic, they pass the long trunk gene to their offspring.