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ddhism – Buddha’s Life Story Ritual & Practices Kamakura Buddha Prayer Flags ritual Important moments in life are commemorated through Buddhist ceremonies, according to local beliefs and customs. Rituals and rites may include repeating mantras, walking around statues of the Buddha, or praying before images of the Buddha. Stupa Chenrezig Institute Eudlo Sunshine Coast Tibetan Tradition Tibetan Ritual Sounds and Dance Tibetan Ceremony & Ritual in Nepal Kalachakra Ritual Dance Chenrezig (Sanskrit: Avalokiteshvara) Chenrezig is the Bodhisattva of Compassion. A bodhisattva is an enlightened being who has decided to delay becoming a fully enlightened Buddha and who lives in a compassionate spirit life for the sake of all beings He has taken vows to save all beings. With a mantra, Om mani padme hum! (Hail the jewel in the lotus), he tirelessly attempts to deliver all beings from suffering. He appears in many different forms to assist suffering beings. Tibetans believe that Chenrezig, as a disciple of the Buddha, made a vow of compassion to free the Tibetan peoples from their violent ways: "May I be able to establish in emancipation all living beings in the barbaric Land of Snow; where the beings are so hard to discipline and none of the buddhas of the three times has stepped...May I be able to mature and emancipate them, each according to his/her own way. May that gloomy barbaric country become bright, like an island of precious jewels." (Geshe Wangyal , Door of Liberation, New York, Lotsawa, 1978, pp. 54-55). He is the patron of Tibet. The Tibetan people claim descent from Chenrezig, who in the form of a monkey sired the original inhabitants of Tibet. Chenrezig, according to Tibetan legends, has appeared in numerous forms to defend Buddhist teachings. He has been identified with the Tibetan emperor Songtsen Gampo (617-698 C.E.) and the successive lineage of Dalai Lamas. The 14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso, is the current incarnation of Chenrezig. http://www.gomang.org/chenrezig.html Prayer Flags About Prayer Wheels The Monastic Robes Gompa Etiquette Zen Buddhism Japan Enso Symbol Kinhin – Walking Meditation Zen – Principles and Practices Video Japanese Zen Garden Meditation Offering food is one of the oldest and most common rituals of Buddhism Theravada Buddhism The circle of birth, suffering, death and rebirth is comprised of the twelve stages of life, which are: Ignorance, intentional acts, consciousness, body and mind, the senses, sense impressions, feelings, cravings, clinging, becoming, rebirth, old age and death. Some of the key rituals and rites associated with Buddhism are therefore centred around: birth, belonging, death. Birth Birth ceremonies vary depending on local beliefs and customs. The birth though is understood as rebirth, which ultimately delays a person achieving their ultimate purpose. Offerings are therefore made to local and traditional gods to ward off evil. In Tibet, the sacred symbol (dhih) is painted on the baby’s tongue in saffron powder or butter as a symbol of the Buddha and the hope the child will grow up to be wise. In Thailand local monks chant the five moral principles of Buddhism (Pancasila) at the naming ceremony of a child. Adolescence A common ritual is many of the schools of Buddhism is the joining of the Sangha, or ‘assembly’. In some traditions young boys spend months or years within the Sangha learning the teachings of the Buddha. Various ceremonies mark the entry to the Sangha. These can include dressing elaborately as a reminder that the Buddha gave up his life as prince to become a holy man, and wearing the saffron robe of a monk. The boy’s head is then shaved to show that he has given up the concerns of the world and has taken on poverty and self-discipline. The student kneels before the senior monk and requests permission to join the Sangha. He promises to obey the rules and concentrate the overcoming of dukka (suffering). The daily routine then revolves around the life of the bhikkus (monk) or bhikkunis (nun), in accordance with the Ten Precepts. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= lRHkivEzCfw marriage Family life is of great importance to Buddhists. Monks do not marry and in some traditions it is believed that a monk’s vow of celibacy might cause infertility for the couple. There is no traditional Buddhist marriage ceremony though, and many couples do seek the blessing of a monk before their wedding. In Thailand a common practice is for a monk to pour water over a ribbon that connects the monk and the couple. death For Buddhists life is a cycle of birth, death and rebirth. This is known as samsara and funerals therefore focus on facilitating the journey of the deceased through the process of death and rebirth. In the Mahayana tradition, it is believed that each time a person dies their spirit is reborn into one of the six divisions of the Universe. These are the realms of gods, titans, humans, hungry ghosts, animals and hell. In Buddhist traditions the body of the deceased is washed by the family and then placed in a wooden coffin. The coffin is then carried in procession to the shrine room of the local temple. Cheerful music is played to generate good karma. In Theravada Buddhism rebirth is believed to be immediate, whereas in Mahayana Buddhism there is an interval between death and rebirth when offerings can be made to earn good karma. Further information http://www.buddhist-temples.com/buddhism-facts/buddhism-ritual.html http://www.buddhamind.info/leftside/lifestyl/rituals.htm http://www.amaravati.org/abm/english/documents/RitualsObservances. pdf http://www.buddhanet.net/e-learning/buddhistworld/robe_pics.htm http://www.gcsere.org.uk/ http://www.strath.ac.uk/redb/reartefacts/buddhist/ References Goldburg, Peta. Investigating World Religions. Cambridge University Press, New York, 2009. Gwynne, Paul. World Religions in Practice: A Comparative Introduction. Blackwell Publishing, MA, 2009