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Born a poor white southerner, he became the white South’s champion against radical Reconstruction. Congressman Preston Brooks beat Senator Charles Sumner nearly to death on the Senate floor because a) Sumner had helped to fund John Brown’s violent activities in Kansas b) Sumner had used abusive language to describe the South and a South Carolina senator c) Sumner had threatened to kill Brooks if he had the opportunity d) Sumner had personally blocked the admission of Kansas to the Union as a slave state Laudatory term for white southerners who worked to overthrow Reconstruction and stablish Home Rule regimes in the southern states. Name one of the FOUR original Border States where secession failed but slavery still survived. Derogatory term for white southerners who cooperated with the Republican Reconstruction governments. Union commander who first made his mark with victories in the West. In the campaign of 1860, the Democratic party a) Tried to unite around the compromising popular sovereignty views of Stephen A. Douglas b) Campaigned on a promise of restoring the compromises of 1820 and 1850 c) Split in two, with each faction nominating its own presidential candidate d) Threatened to support secession if the sectionally-based Republicans won the election Leading northern Democrat whose presidential hopes fell victim to the conflict over slavery. Constitutional amendment, passed eight months after the Civil War, that permanently ended slavery throughout the United States. Within two months after the election of Lincoln a) Northerners were mobilizing for a civil war b) Seven southern states had seceded and formed the Confederate States of America c) All the slaveholding states had held conventions and passed secessionist resolutions d) The southern states had demanded a constitutional convention to guarantee the future of slavery The financial and economic collapse of 1857 increased northern anger at the South’s refusal to support a) Banking regulation and development of a sound paper currency b) A transcontinental railroad and transatlantic telegraph c) Publicly supported state universities d) Higher tariffs and free western homesteads for farmers Sherman’s march “from Atlanta to the Sea” was especially notable for its a) Effective use of public relations to turn Southern sympathies against the Confederacy b) Brutal use of total war tactics of destruction and pillaging against Southern civilian populations c) Impact in inspiring Northern public opinion to turn against slavery d) Commitment to emancipate slaves and bring them into the Union Army Black Republican senator from Mississippi during Reconstruction. Derogatory term for Northerners who came to the South during Reconstruction and sometimes took part in Republican state governments. Fanatical and bloodyminded abolitionist martyr admired in the North and hatred in the South. Lincoln at first declared that the war was being fought to a) Only save the Union and not to free the slaves b) In order to end slavery except the Border States c) Only to punish South Carolina for firing on Fort Sumter d) Only to restore federal control over the forts and arsenals in the South The constitutional amendment granting civil rights to freed slaves and barring former Confederates from office. Among the advantages the Union possessed at the beginning of the Civil War was a) Better preparation of its ordinary soldiers for military life b) A continuing influx of immigrant manpower from Europe c) The ability to fight a primarily defensive war d) Strong support from the British and French aristocracy The federal agency that greatly assisted blacks educationally but failed in other aid efforts. The Black Codes, passed by many of the Johnsonapproved Southern state governments in late 1865, aimed to a) Provide economic assistance to get former slaves started as sharecroppers b) Permit blacks to vote if they met certain educational or economic standards c) Force blacks to leave the South d) Ensure a stable and subservient labor force under white control Lincoln’s original plan for Reconstruction in 1863 was that a state could be reintegrated into the Union when a) It repealed its original secession act and withdrew its soldiers from the Confederate Army b) Ten percent of its voters took an oath of allegiance to the Union and pledged to abide by emancipation c) It formally adopted a plan guaranteeing black political and economic rights d) It ratified the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to the Constitution The thousands of black soldiers in the Union Army a) Added a powerful new weapon to the antislavery dimension of the Union cause b) Were largely prevented from participating in combat c) Were enlisted primarily to compensate for the military advantage that the South enjoyed because of slavery d) Were enthusiastic but relatively ineffective in combat Constitutional protection against arbitrary arrest and imprisonment that was suspended by President Lincoln on the grounds that the Union was at risk of destruction. Besides putting the South under the rule of federal soldiers, the Reconstruction Acts of 1867 required that all the reconstructed southern states must a) Give blacks the right to vote as a condition of readmission to the Union. b) Give blacks and carpetbaggers majority control of Southern legislatures c) Provide former slaves with land and education at state expense d) Effectively suppress the Ku Klux Klan and other white supremacist groups Violent protests by largely Irish working class citizens against being forced to serve in a war against slavery that they opposed. Antietam was one of the crucial battles of the Civil War because a) It ended any further possibility of Confederate invasion of the North b) It fundamentally undermined Confederate morale c) The death of Lee’s greatest general, Stonewall Jackson crippled his military effectiveness d) It prevented British and French recognition of the Confederacy Leader of the radical Republicans in the House of Representatives. In the Dred Scott decision, the Supreme Court a) Ruled that the Kansas-Nebraska Act was unconstitutional b) Ruled that Congress could not prohibit slavery in any of the territories because slaves were private property of which owners could not be deprived c) Ruled that Dred Scott was still a slave because he had not filed suit until he had been returned to the slave state of Missouri d) Ruled that Dred Scott had to be freed because his owner had taken him into the free state of Illinois Women’s rights leaders opposed the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments because a) They objected to racial integration in the women’s movement b) The amendments granted citizenship and voting rights to black and white men but not to women c) Most of them were Democrats who would be hurt by the amendments d) They feared interracial sex and marriage Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin a)Was strongly rooted in religiously based antislavery sentiments b)Argued that non-slaveholding whites suffered the most from slavery c)Helped northerners understand that southerners disliked the cruelty of slavery d)Portrayed black slaves as seething with anger and potential violence The Fifteenth Amendment provided for a) Readmitting Southern states to the Union b) Full citizenship and civil rights for former slaves c) Voting rights for former slaves d) Voting rights for women During the campaign of 1860, Abraham Lincoln and the Republican party a) Opposed the expansion of slavery but did not threaten to attack slavery in the South b) Promised, if elected, to seek peaceful, compensated abolition of slavery in the South c) Were forced to be cautious about limiting the expansion of slavery because of Stephen A. Douglas’s threats to support secession d) Focused entirely on the slavery question A new nation that declared its independence in Montgomery, Alabama in February 1861. The major long-term effect of white terrorist organizations like the Ku Klux Klan was to a) Disempower blacks politically and restore white supremacy b) Drive the U.S. Army out of the South c) Create a permanent secret government of former Confederates in the southern states d) Make most southerners forget their nostalgia for the lost cause of the Confederacy Term that described the prairie territory where a small-scale civil war between abolitionists and proslavery border ruffians erupted in 1856. Laws designed to stamp out Ku Klux Klan terrorism in the South. Officially, the Emancipation Proclamation freed slaves a) Who had fled their masters and joined the Union army b) Under the control of the rebellious Confederate states c) In Washington, D.C. d) Whose masters were loyal to the Confederacy An inexperienced leader in war but a genius at inspiring and directing his nation’s cause. Northern Democrats who openly opposed the Civil War and sympathized with the South. The radical Republicans’ impeachment of President Andrew Johnson resulted in a) A revision in the impeachment clause of the Constitution to make such an action more difficult b) Johnson’s conviction on the charge of violating the Tenure of Office Act c) Johnson’s resignation and appointment of Ulysses Grant as his successor d) A failure to convict and remove Johnson from the presidency by a margin of only one vote “The little woman who wrote the book that made this great war.” The radical Reconstruction regimes in the Southern states a) Took away Southerners’ civil rights and voting rights b) Consisted almost entirely of blacks c) Established public education and adopted many needed reforms d) Were almost 100% honest and free from corruption What Came First? Correct = +1 Incorrect = -1 MUST answer the question a) The firing on fort Sumter unifies the North and leads to Lincoln’s call for troops. b) A Republican’s minority sectional victory in a presidential election provokes southern secession. a) Lincoln announces a plan to rapidly restore southern states to the Union. b) The Civil War ends with the defeated army granted generous terms of surrender. a) The hanging of a fanatically violent abolitionist makes him a martyr in the North and a hated symbol in the South. b) Fictional tale of a black slave’s vicious treatment by the cruel Simon Legree touches millions of northern hearts and creates stronger opposition to slavery. a) A newly organized territory becomes a bloody battleground between proslavery and antislavery forces. b) A black slave’s attempt to win freedom produces a controversial Supreme Court decision. a) A battle in Maryland enables Lincoln to declare that the Civil War has become a war on slavery. b) In both Georgia and Virginia, determined Northern generals wage bloody and destructive total war against a weakened but still resisting South. a) A Republican’s minority sectional victory in a presidential election provokes southern secession. b) A newly organized territory becomes a bloody battleground between proslavery and antislavery forces. a) A black slave’s attempt to win freedom produces a controversial Supreme Court decision. b) The hanging of a fanatically violent abolitionist makes him a martyr in the North and a hated symbol in the South. a) Fictional tale of a black slave’s vicious treatment by the cruel Simon Legree touches millions of northern hearts and creates stronger opposition to slavery. b) A newly organized territory becomes a bloody battleground between proslavery and antislavery forces. a) The hanging of a fanatically violent abolitionist makes him a martyr in the North and a hated symbol in the South. b) A battle in Maryland enables Lincoln to declare that the Civil War has become a war on slavery. a) Constitution is amended to guarantee formerly enslaved men the right to vote. b) Johnson’s attempt to restore the South to the Union is overturned because of congressional hostility to ex-Confederates and southern passage of the Black Codes. a) Constitution is amended to guarantee formerly enslaved men the right to vote. b) An unpopular antiradical president escapes conviction and removal from office by one vote. a) Northern troops are withdrawn from the South, and Southern state governments are reconstituted without federal constraint. b) Johnson’s attempt to restore the South to the Union is overturned because of congressional hostility to ex-Confederates and southern passage of the Black Codes.