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BSA Electricity Merit Badge Electricity Merit Badge AC Alternating Current BSA Electricity Merit Badge AC=Alternating Current Output Output Spinning Wire Coil When a coil of wire passes through a magnetic field it produces an Alternating Current 1m 2m BSA Electricity Merit Badge AC=Alternating Current Two types of Electricity AC = Alternating Current produced from a generator. DC = Direct Current produced from a battery. RMS 120 VAC AC = Alternating Current 170 Volts Water Wheel Electric Generator Ground - 170 Volts 60 cycles per second Generator contains: Coil of Wire and Magnets 1m 3m BSA Electricity Merit Badge AC Power / Voltage Generation Hydro Power Water Wheel Generator Wind Power Generator Steam Power Generators Fuel Coal Steam Gas Turbines Nuclear Reactors Steam Engine 1m 4m Generator BSA Electricity Merit Badge Generator Demo Generator Light 120 VAC Motor Motor Speed Control 15 0 Spinning the Generator As the generator turns faster the voltage increased 3m 7m 10 5 V Voltage Meter BSA Electricity Merit Badge Electric Generation Plants Coal, Gas, Oil-fired Steam Power Plant .5 m 7.5 m Wind Power Plant Hydro (Water) Power Plant Gas Turbine Combined Cycle Plant BSA Electricity Merit Badge AC Power / Voltage Generation 500,000 VAC Sub Station Transformer Power Plants generate Electricity at very high voltage levels to reduce cable size and voltage losses in transporting it long distances to reach customers. It is stepped down through transformers to 240 VAC at the home Types of Generating Plants 440 VAC ___Hydro Generator_______ 240 VAC 240 VAC ____Nuclear Generator_____ ____Coal Generator____ 1.5 m 9m BSA Electricity Merit Badge Circuit Breaker / Fuses 240 VAC What are some AC Appliances 120 VAC 240 VAC Electric Meter Electric Breaker Box 120 VAC Stove Electricity from the transformer connects first through the electric meter then through the breaker box to protect the house from overload or short conditions. A breaker box can either be a fuse or resettable breaker. 2m 11 m BSA Electricity Merit Badge Circuit Breaker / Fuses Not re-usable Re-usable What’s the difference 120 VAC in 120 VAC In 120 VAC Out ON ON OFF OFF Good Blown Open Fuses A Fuse is like a light bulb. It will pass electricity until it is overloaded, then the metal fuse link will burn open. A short circuit will cause an overload 1m 12 m 120 VAC Out Good Tripped Off Circuit Breaker A circuit breaker Is like a light switch. If it is overloaded the switch will overheat and click open. When it cools down the switch can be reset. A short circuit will cause an overload BSA Electricity Merit Badge House Wiring A house is wired with heavy gauge wire to handle 120 Volts AC in order to power high wattage devices that are found in a home. A circuit breaker or fuse is used to protect the wire from getting too hot, and possibly starting a fire. House Items are rated in wattage, but the fuse is in amps. How do we know if we are going to overload our fuse or breaker box? Show Toaster wattage rating Meter Circuit Breaker or Fuse Box 20 A 20 A 20 A 20 A Hot wire 120 VAC Four outlets on one breaker. Ground (Zero Volts) Watts = Volts * amps 2m 14 m Amps = Watts Volts Refrig 400 Watts Toaster 1200 Watts TV 300 Watts Microwave 600 Watts BSA Electricity Merit Badge House Wiring Meter Hot wire 20 A 20 A 20 A 20 A Circuit Breaker or Fuse Box 120 VAC Four outlets on one breaker. Ground (Zero Volts) Watts = Volts * amps Refrig 400 Watts Amps = Watts Volts Toaster 1200 Watts TV 300 Watts Microwave 600 Watts Determine if the circuit breaker is overloaded. Calculate total power Refrig. Toaster TV Microwave Power = _______ Amps = watts volts 3m 17 m + = _______ ______ + _______ = + ______ ________ amps = _______ Watts/hour Overload Yes or No _______ BSA Electricity Merit Badge House Wiring Meter Hot wire 20 A 20 A 20 A 20 A Circuit Breaker or Fuse Box 120 VAC Four outlets on one breaker. Ground (Zero Volts) Watts = Volts * amps Refrig 400 Watts Amps = Watts Volts Toaster 1200 Watts TV 300 Watts Microwave 600 Watts Determine if the circuit breaker is overloaded. Calculate total power Refrig. Toaster TV Microwave Power = __400__ Amps = watts volts 1m 18 m + = _1200__ _2500_ 120 + _300___ = + _600__ __20.8__ amps = _2500__ Watts/hour Overload Yes or No __yes__ BSA Electricity Merit Badge Electric Meter 2600 watts x 24 hours = 62,400 or 62.4 Kilo watt-hours 62.4 K watts x 30 days = 1872 K watts-hours Electric reading from previous month 2539 Reading 4 4 1 Subtract previous reading from new reading for used. New Reading _4411__ Previous Reading _2539__ Kilowatt-hour used _1872__ X $ .10 2m 20 m 1 $ __187.20__ BSA Electricity Merit Badge Electric Meter Electric reading from previous month 5324 Reading Subtract previous reading from new reading for used. New Reading _______ Previous Reading _______ Kilowatt-hour used ________ X $ .10 $ _______ 2m 22 m BSA Electricity Merit Badge Electric Meter Electric reading from previous month 5324 Reading 8 6 4 Subtract previous reading from new reading for used. New Reading _8642__ Previous Reading _5324__ Kilowatt-hour used _3318__ X $ .10 1m 23 m 2 $ __331.80__ BSA Electricity Merit Badge Electric Plus and Wire Electrical problems are created more often by loose wire connectors than by worn or defective cords. If a cord is actually defective, it must be replaced. This is a good policy always and is a requirement for buildings, because the electrical safety code allows wire to be spliced only inside junction boxes. 10 m 33 m BSA Electricity Merit Badge House Wiring Demonstration Light Light Switch Meter Circuit Breaker AC Outlet Plug and Wire 2m 35 m Draw in a light, light switch AC outlet with plug in one outlet, Circuit breaker box and meter. BSA Electricity Merit Badge House Wiring Demonstration Light Light Switch AC Outlet Plug and Wire Meter Circuit Breaker Power is Supplied Of a 12 Volt Car Battery Students Line up and one at a time short out wire then reset the circuit breaker 10 m 45 m BSA Electricity Merit Badge 1 Stove 2 Outlets 3 Light Window Electrical Wiring Example Window Stove Light Outlet Set Circuit Breaker 3m 50 m Door In room, draw electrical outlets, switches, and lights. Draw only one side of electricity called the Hot side. Also show doors and windows. BSA Electricity Merit Badge 1 Stove 2 Outlets 3 Light Window Electrical Wiring Example Window Stove Outlet 1 2 3 Circuit Breaker 3m 50 m Door In room, draw electrical outlets, switches, and lights. Draw only one side of electricity called the Hot side. Also show doors and windows. BSA Electricity Merit Badge X10 Home Control Meter Circuit Breaker or Fuse Box 20 A 20 A 20 A 20 A 120 VAC 1 2 3 4 4 Chime Controller send commands to module with correct address 1 2 3 4 Controller BSA Electricity Merit Badge Window Electrical Wiring Window Stove Outlet Door Light Switch Outlet Circuit Breaker In room, draw electrical outlets, switches, and lights. Also show doors and windows. 3m 50 m BSA Electricity Merit Badge Window Electrical Wiring Window Outlet Door Light Switch In room, draw electrical outlets, switches, and lights. Also show doors and windows. 3m 50 m
