Download Muscle Function Associated Structures Myofibrils What, Why

Chapter 10 – Muscle Tissue
Cardiac or
Smooth
Muscle
Muscle
Function
Associated
Structures
Myofibrils
What, Why,
& Where of
Muscles
$100
$100
$100
$100
$100
$200
$200
$200
$200
$200
$300
$300
$300
$300
$300
$400
$400
$400
$400
$400
$500
$500
$500
$500
$500
FINAL ROUND
Muscle Function:
$100 Question
Which of the following is NOT a major
function of skeletal muscle?
a. Maintaining body temperature
b. Lining hollow organs
c. Maintaining posture
d. Storing nutrient reserves
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Muscle Function:
$100 Answer
Which of the following is NOT a major
function of skeletal muscle?
a. Maintaining body temperature
b. Lining hollow organs
c. Maintaining posture
d. Storing nutrient reserves
BACK TO GAME
Muscle Function:
$200 Question
Which activity would be more likely to
create an oxygen debt: swimming laps or
lifting weights?
a. swimming laps
b. lifting weights
c. both A and B
d. neither A nor B
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Muscle Function:
$200 Answer
Which activity would be more likely to
create an oxygen debt: swimming laps or
lifting weights?
a. swimming laps
b. lifting weights
c. both A and B
d. neither A nor B
BACK TO GAME
Muscle Function:
$300 Question
How would a drug that blocks acetylcholine
release affect muscle contraction?
a. Contraction would prevented.
b. Contraction would be slowed.
c. The speed of contraction would increase.
d. The strength of contraction would
increase.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Muscle Function:
$300 Answer
How would a drug that blocks acetylcholine
release affect muscle contraction?
a. Contraction would prevented.
b. Contraction would be slowed.
c. The speed of contraction would increase.
d. The strength of contraction would
increase.
BACK TO GAME
Muscle Function:
$400 Question
How is it possible for skeletal muscle to contract
without shortening?
a. Through eccentric contractions, the
muscle lengthens
b. Through concentric contractions, the
muscle does not change length
c. Through isometric contraction, the
muscle remains the same length
d. A and C are correct
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Muscle Function:
$400 Answer
How is it possible for skeletal muscle to contract
without shortening?
a. Through eccentric contractions, the
muscle lengthens
b. Through concentric contractions, the
muscle does not change length
c. Through isometric contraction, the
muscle remains the same length
d. A and C are correct
BACK TO GAME
Muscle Function:
$500 Question
What are the structural and functional distinctions of fast
fibers (white muscle fibers)?
a. They contract in 0.01 sec, are large in diameter,
and use anaerobic metabolism.
b. They use aerobic metabolism, have numerous
mitochondria, and have high myoglobin.
c. They are capable of mitotic division and their
contractions use ATP in small amounts.
d. They are the least abundant fiber type
and use aerobic metabolism.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Muscle Function:
$500 Answer
What are the structural and functional distinctions of fast
fibers (white muscle fibers)?
a. They contract in 0.01 sec, are large in diameter,
and use anaerobic metabolism.
b. They use aerobic metabolism, have numerous
mitochondria, and have high myoglobin.
c. They are capable of mitotic division and their
contractions use ATP in small amounts.
d. They are the least abundant fiber type
and use aerobic metabolism.
BACK TO GAME
Associated Structures:
$100 Question
How would severing the tendon attached to a
muscle affect the muscle’s ability to move a
body part?
a. Uncontrolled movement would result
form a severed tendon.
b. Movement would be greatly exaggerated
with no tendon.
c. No movement is possible without a
muscle to bone connection,
d. Limited movement would result.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Associated Structures:
$100 Answer
How would severing the tendon attached to a
muscle affect the muscle’s ability to move a
body part?
a. Uncontrolled movement would result
form a severed tendon.
b. Movement would be greatly exaggerated
with no tendon.
c. No movement is possible without a
muscle to bone connection.
d. Limited movement would result.
BACK TO GAME
Associated Structures:
$200 Question
Which of these describes the neuromuscular junction?
a. The surface containing membrane receptors that
bind acetylcholine
b. Special intercellular connection between axon
branches and a skeletal muscle fiber
c. The link between generation of an action
potential and the start of muscle contraction
d. A propagated change in membrane potential
that travels the length of an axon
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Associated Structures:
$200 Answer
Which of these describes the neuromuscular junction?
a. The surface containing membrane receptors that
bind acetylcholine
b. Special intercellular connection between axon
branches and a skeletal muscle fiber
c. The link between generation of an action
potential and the start of muscle contraction
d. A propagated change in membrane potential
that travels the length of an axon
BACK TO GAME
Associated Structures:
$300 Question
How are epimysium, perimysium, and
endomysium interrelated?
a. All three surround skeletal muscle fibers
b. All three contain capillaries and nerves
c. All three contain satellite cells that function in the
repair of muscle tissue
d. All three unite at the ends of skeletal muscles to
ANSWER
form tendons
BACK TO GAME
Associated Structures:
$300 Answer
How are epimysium, perimysium, and
endomysium interrelated?
a. All three surround skeletal muscle fibers
b. All three contain capillaries and nerves
c. All three contain satellite cells that function in the
repair of muscle tissue
d. All three unite at the ends of skeletal muscles to
form tendons
BACK TO GAME
Associated Structures:
$400 Question
What is excitation-contraction coupling and
where does it occur?
a. The same rigor mortis / in the SR
b. Pivoting of myosin heads / cross-bridges
c. The release of Ach / at motor end plates
d. The link between generation of an action
potential and the start of muscle
ANSWER
contraction / at triads
BACK TO GAME
Associated Structures:
$400 Answer
What is excitation-contraction coupling and
where does it occur?
a. The same rigor mortis / in the SR
b. Pivoting of myosin heads / cross-bridges
c. The release of Ach / at motor end plates
d. The link between generation of an action
potential and the start of muscle
contraction / at triads
BACK TO GAME
Associated Structure:
$500 Question
What is a motor unit? Why would you need a
small motor unit to control movements of the
fingers?
a. The resting tension in a muscle / so it would not
involve muscle fibers of adjoining fingers
b. Muscle fibers controlled by a single motor
neuron / need precise control
c. The addition of one twitch to another / need
twitches to cover a large area
d. None of these is correct
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Associated Structures:
$500 Answer
What is a motor unit? Why would you need a
small motor unit to control movements of the
fingers?
a. The resting tension in a muscle / so it would not
involve muscle fibers of adjoining fingers
b. Muscle fibers controlled by a single motor
neuron / need precise control
c. The addition of one twitch to another / need
twitches to cover a large area
d. None of these is correct
BACK TO GAME
Myofibrils:
$100 Question
Myofibrils are organized into repeating
subunits called ___.
a. T-Tubules
b. Z lines
c. Sarcomeres
d. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Myofibrils:
$100 Answer
Myofibrils are organized into repeating
subunits called ___.
a. T-Tubules
b. Z lines
c. Sarcomeres
d. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
BACK TO GAME
Myofibrils:
$200 Question
Why does skeletal muscle appear striated
when viewed through a microscope?
a. Z lines and myosin filaments align within
the tissue.
b. Glycogen reserves are linearly arranged.
c. Capillaries regularly intersect the
myofibers.
d. Actin filaments repel stain,
appearing banded.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Myofibrils:
$200 Answer
Why does skeletal muscle appear striated
when viewed through a microscope?
a. Z lines and myosin filaments align within
the tissue.
b. Glycogen reserves are linearly arranged.
c. Capillaries regularly intersect the
myofibers.
d. Actin filaments repel stain,
appearing banded.
BACK TO GAME
Myofibrils:
$300 Question
The A band is comprised of which of the
following subunits?
a. I-Band, terminal cisternae, and the Z-line
b. M-line, H-Zone, and zone of overlap
c. Thin filaments, titin, and the Z-line
d. Sarcoplasmic reticulum and T-tubules
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Myofibrils:
$300 Answer
The A band is comprised of which of the
following subunits?
a. I-Band, terminal cisternae, and the Z-line
b. M-line, H-Zone, and zone of overlap
c. Thin filaments, titin, and the Z-line
d. Sarcoplasmic reticulum and T-tubules
BACK TO GAME
Myofibrils:
$400 Question
Where would you expect the greatest
concentration of Ca2+ in resting skeletal
muscle to be?
a. In T tubules
b. Surrounding the mitochondria
c. Within sarcomeres
d. In cisternae of the sarcoplasmic
ANSWER
reticulum
BACK TO GAME
Myofibrils:
$400 Answer
Where would you expect the greatest
concentration of Ca2+ in resting skeletal
muscle to be?
a. In T tubules
b. Surrounding the mitochondria
c. Within sarcomeres
d. In cisternae of the sarcoplasmic
reticulum
BACK TO GAME
Myofibrils:
$500 Question
In what ways does the appearance of a
sarcomere change during contraction of a
skeletal muscle fiber?
a. Zones of overlap get larger; H zone gets
wider; A bands shorten
b. Titin molecules are relaxed; M line
disappears
c. Z lines move closer together; I bands
and H zones get smaller
ANSWER
d. None of these is correct
BACK TO GAME
Myofibrils:
$500 Answer
In what ways does the appearance of a
sarcomere change during contraction of a
skeletal muscle fiber?
a. Zones of overlap get larger; H zone gets
wider; A bands shorten
b. Titin molecules are relaxed; M line
disappears
c. Z lines move closer together; I bands
and H zones get smaller
d. None of these is correct
BACK TO GAME
What, Why, & Where of Muscles :
$100 Question
Which type of muscle fibers would predominate
in the large leg muscles of someone who excels
at endurance activities, such as cycling and
why?
a. Fast fibers / because they have large glycogen
reserves
b. Slow fibers / because they have extensive
capillary networks
c. Nonvascular fibers / because they use both
aerobic and anaerobic metabolism
d. Intermediate fibers / because they have more
ANSWER
neuromuscular junctions
BACK TO GAME
What, Why, & Where of Muscles:
$100 Answer
Which type of muscle fibers would predominate
in the large leg muscles of someone who excels
at endurance activities, such as cycling and
why?
a. Fast fibers / because they have large glycogen
reserves
b. Slow fibers / because they have extensive
capillary networks
c. Nonvascular fibers / because they use both
aerobic and anaerobic metabolism
d. Intermediate fibers / because they have more
neuromuscular junctions
BACK TO GAME
What, Why, & Where of Muscles:
$200 Question
What is the mechanism by which ATP is
continuously synthesized in muscle cells?
a. Through the reaction of ADP with
creatine
b. Primarily aerobic metabolism in
mitochondria
c. Primarily glycolysis in the cytoplasm
d. B and C are correct
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
What, Why, & Where of Muscles:
$200 Answer
What is the mechanism by which ATP is
continuously synthesized in muscle cells?
a. Through the reaction of ADP with
creatine
b. Primarily aerobic metabolism in
mitochondria
c. Primarily glycolysis in the cytoplasm
d. B and C are correct
BACK TO GAME
What, Why, & Where of Muscles:
$300 Question
Why does a muscle that has been overstretched
produce less tension?
a. Few cross-bridges form, causing weak
contraction
b. Cross-bridges cannot be formed
c. Actin and myosin cease to be stimulated by
acetylcholine
d. The increased amount of CA2+ in the
sarcoplasm causes the muscle to
relax completely
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
What, Why, & Where of Muscles:
$300 Answer
Why does a muscle that has been overstretched
produce less tension?
a. Few cross-bridges form, causing weak
contraction
b. Cross-bridges cannot be formed
c. Actin and myosin cease to be stimulated by
acetylcholine
d. The increased amount of CA2+ in the
sarcoplasm causes the muscle to
relax completely
BACK TO GAME
What, Why, & Where of Muscles:
$400 Question
What would you expect to happen to a
resting skeletal muscle if the sarcolemma
suddenly became very permeable to Ca2+?
a. increased strength of contraction
b. decreased cross-bridge
c. decreased ability to relax
d. both A and C
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
What, Why, & Where of Muscles:
$400 Answer
What would you expect to happen to a
resting skeletal muscle if the sarcolemma
suddenly became very permeable to Ca2+?
a. increased strength of contraction
b. decreased cross-bridge
c. decreased ability to relax
d. both A and C
BACK TO GAME
What, Why, & Where of Muscles:
$500 Question
Predict what would happen to muscles if a
pesticide that inhibits acetylcholinesterase
were present at the motor end plate.
a. Muscle would lose strength.
b. Muscle would be unable to contract.
c. Muscle would lock in a state of contraction.
d. Muscle would contract repeatedly.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
What, Why, & Where of Muscles:
$500 Answer
Predict what would happen to muscles if a
pesticide that inhibits acetylcholinesterase
were present at the motor end plate.
a. Muscle would lose strength.
b. Muscle would be unable to contract.
c. Muscle would lock in a state of contraction.
d. Muscle would contract repeatedly.
BACK TO GAME
Cardiac or Smooth Muscle:
$100 Question
What feature of cardiac muscle tissue
allows the heart to act as a functional
syncytium?
a. striations
b. intercalated discs
c. gap junctions
d. short T tubules without triads
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Cardiac or Smooth Muscle:
$100 Answer
What feature of cardiac muscle tissue
allows the heart to act as a functional
syncytium?
a. striations
b. intercalated discs
c. gap junctions
d. short T tubules without triads
BACK TO GAME
Cardiac or Smooth Muscle:
$200 Question
Smooth muscle can contract over a wider range
of resting lengths than skeletal muscle can.
Why?
a. Smooth muscle sarcomeres are longer.
b. Actin and myosin filament arrangement
is less organized in smooth muscle.
c. Smooth muscle cells are shorter.
d. Smooth muscle actin is longer.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Cardiac or Smooth Muscle:
$200 Answer
Smooth muscle can contract over a wider range
of resting lengths than skeletal muscle can.
Why?
a. Smooth muscle sarcomeres are longer.
b. Actin and myosin filament arrangement
is less organized in smooth muscle.
c. Smooth muscle cells are shorter.
d. Smooth muscle actin is longer.
BACK TO GAME
Cardiac or Smooth Muscle:
$300 Question
What structural characteristics distinguish
cardiac muscle tissue from skeletal muscle
tissue? Cardiac muscle cells __.
a. Are larger and usually have one nucleus
b. Have intercalated discs, short T tubules and no
triads
c. Are dependent on anaerobic metabolism
d. Contact each other at tight junctions
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Cardiac or Smooth Muscle:
$300 Answer
What structural characteristics distinguish
cardiac muscle tissue from skeletal muscle
tissue? Cardiac muscle cells __.
a. Are larger and usually have one nucleus
b. Have intercalated discs, short T tubules and no
triads
c. Are dependent on anaerobic metabolism
d. Contact each other at tight junctions
BACK TO GAME
Cardiac or Smooth Muscle:
$400 Question
Two cardiologist are talking about
functional characteristics of cardiac
muscle tissue. Which of the following
descriptions would they use?
a. Special gap junctions, wave summation, contracts without
neural stimulation
b. Spindle-shaped, non-striated, thick filaments scattered,
involuntary
c. Ca2+ from SR, rapid fatigue, functional
syncytium
ANSWER
d. Cardiologists would not use any of this
BACK TO GAME
terminology
Cardiac or Smooth Muscle:
$400 Answer
Two cardiologist are talking about
functional characteristics of cardiac
muscle tissue. Which of the following
descriptions would they use?
a. Special gap junctions, wave summation, contracts without
neural stimulation
b. Spindle-shaped, non-striated, thick filaments scattered,
involuntary
c. Ca2+ from SR, rapid fatigue, functional
syncytium
d. Cardiologists would not use any of this
BACK TO GAME
terminology
Cardiac or Smooth Muscle:
$500 Question
Why are cardiac and smooth muscle
contractions more affected by changes in
extracellular Ca2+ than are skeletal muscle
contractions?
a. Extracellular Ca2+ inhibits actin.
b. Cross-bridges are formed extracellularly.
c. Most calcium for contractions comes from SR
stores.
d. Most calcium for contractions comes
from extracellular fluid.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Cardiac or Smooth Muscle:
$500 Answer
Why are cardiac and smooth muscle
contractions more affected by changes in
extracellular Ca2+ than are skeletal muscle
contractions?
a. Extracellular Ca2+ inhibits actin.
b. Cross-bridges are formed extracellularly.
c. Most calcium for contractions comes from SR
stores.
d. Most calcium for contractions comes
from extracellular fluid.
BACK TO GAME
FINAL ROUND Question
Why would a sprinter experience muscle
fatigue before a marathon runner?
a. Marathon running uses ATP for only a short time, while
sprinting uses ATP indefinitely.
b. Marathon runners muscles depend on stored glycogen,
therefore they do not fatigue.
c. Sprinting involves anaerobic endurance, whereas running
a marathon depends more upon availability of substrates
for aerobic respiration.
d. None of these is correct.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
FINAL ROUND Answer
Why would a sprinter experience muscle
fatigue before a marathon runner?
a. Marathon running uses ATP for only a short time, while
sprinting uses ATP indefinitely.
b. Marathon runners muscles depend on stored glycogen,
therefore they do not fatigue.
c. Sprinting involves anaerobic endurance, whereas running
a marathon depends more upon availability of substrates
for aerobic respiration.
d. None of these is correct.
BACK TO GAME