Download animals diseases

ANIMALS DISEASES
Scientists define animals‘ diseases as disorders that influence an animal's health
and ability to function. Animal diseases are of great concern to humans for
several reasons. Diseases can reduce the productivity of animals used to produce
food, such as hens and dairy cows. Animals that are raised as food, such as pigs
and beef cattle, which become ill, may affect the economic well-being of many
industries. Some animal diseases can be transmitted to humans, and control of
these types of diseases, known as zoonoses, is vital to public health. In the wild,
animal populations reduced by disease can upset the ecological balance of an
area. And, in the case of pets, prevention and treatment of animal diseases helps
pets live long and healthy lives.
Animal diseases are characterized as infectious and noninfectious. Infectious
diseases are caused by an agent, such as bacteria or a virus, which penetrates the
body's natural defense mechanisms, while noninfectious diseases are caused by
factors such as diet, environment, injury, and heredity. Sometimes the cause of a
disease is unknown. An animal may also experience one disease or a
combination of diseases at any one time. To identify a disease, a veterinarian (a
doctor who treats animals) first determines the animal's signalman—its species,
breed, age, and sex. This information helps to identify a disease because some
diseases are more prevalent in certain species, or a disease may preferentially
affect one sex or age group.
The veterinarian then gathers a complete history of the animal and its problem.
This history includes the symptoms the animal is displaying and when they first
appeared, as well as whether the animal has been exposed to something new in
its surroundings or to other animals. The veterinarian gives the animal a
thorough physical examination, which may include measuring its body
temperature, listening to its heart, checking its pulse, and feeling its abdomen
and lymph nodes. The veterinarian then creates a list of possible diseases that
may be making the animal sick. The list may be narrowed by running diagnostic
tests such as X - rays, electrocardiograms, blood analyses, and bacterial or
fungal cultures. Once the disease is identified, the doctor develops a treatment
plan for the animal.
Translate the following terminology and learn it.
Concern, concerning
Reduce, reduction
Vital, vitality
Upset
Penetrate, penetration
1
Heredity, hereditary
Prevalent, prevalence
Display, be displayed
Abdomen
Signalman
Task 5. Circle T (true) or F (false) for the statements below.
1. T. F. Animals‘ diseases are defined as certain orders that influence an animal's
health and ability to function.
2. T. F. Animal diseases are of great concern to humans because they may affect
the economic well-being of many industries.
3. T. F. Some animal diseases can be transmitted to humans, and control of these
types of diseases, known as hygiene, is vital to public health.
4. T. F. In the wild, animal populations increased by diseases can upset the
ecological balance of an area.
5. T. F. Good care, prevention and treatment of animal diseases helps domestic
animals live long and healthy lives.
6. T. F. Animals‘ diseases are characterized as infectious and noninfectious.
7. T. F. Infectious diseases are divided into diseases of circulator system,
internal organs, muscular system and reproductive system.
8. T. F. Infectious diseases are caused by factors such as diet, environment,
injury, and heredity.
9. T. F. If veterinarian wants to identify a disease, he must first determine the
animal's signalmen—its species, breed, age, and sex.
10. T. F. As a rule, a doctor that treats any animal gathers a complete history of
his patient and its problem. This history includes the symptoms the animal
usually displays and when they first appeared. It also includes information about
animal surroundings and its owners.
Find synonyms and group them.
1
concern
cure
2
reduce
breathing
3
raise
consider
4
vital
pervade
2
5
upset
expose
6
penetrate
decrease
7
prevalent
mushroom
8
display
illness
9
abdomen
disorder
10 fungal
environments
11 signalman
characteristic feature
12 disease
breed
13 treat
determine
14 identify
spread
15 surroundings
therapy
16 physical examination
domestic animals
17 create
develop
18 pets
coelom
Choose correct terms to the following definitions.
1. Body‘s natural defense mechanisms.
a. circulatory system; b. immune system; c. reproductive system.
2. Disorders that influence body‘s health and ability to function.
a. illness; b. treatment; c. therapy.
3. Economic well-being that influence many industries.
a. failure; b. lost; c. effectiveness.
4. Animal diseases that are transmitted to humans.
a. fever; b. zoonoses; c. plague.
5. Prevention of animal diseases.
a. treatment plan; b. complete history; c. prophylactic measures.
6. Animals that live in their owners places.
a. wild animals; b. zoo animals; c. household pets.
7. Diseases that are caused by an agent, such as bacteria or a virus.
a. heart diseases; b. infectious diseases; c. zoonoses diseases.
8. Diseases that are caused by factors such as diet, environment, injury, and
heredity.
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a. noninfectious diseases; b. infectious diseases; c. viral diseases.
9. Disease that entirely destroys body's natural defense mechanisms.
a. anthrax; b. AID; c. rabies.
10. Testing in veterinary clinic which includes measuring animal‘s body
temperature, listening to its heart, checking its pulse, and feeling its abdomen
and
lymph nodes is called …
a. treatment list; b. physical examination; c. blood testing.
Find the opposite meaning to the following expressions.
1
animals‘ diseases
increase the productivity
2
domestic animals
humans‘ illness
3
reduce the productivity
animal‘s health
4
dairy cattle
public death
5
economic well-being
environmental order
6
zoonotic diseases
cattle
7
ecological disbalance
famous person
8
public health
lost a complete history
9
infectious diseases
wild animals
10
unknown person
first declined
11
gather a complete history
superficial therapy testing
12
first appeared
animal health
13
thorough physical examination
beef cattle
14
animal sick
noninfectious diseases
15
poultry
economic fail
4