Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Muscles of the Back Region Listed Alphabetical ly Muscle erector spinae Origin iliac crest, sacrum, transverse and spinous processes of vertebrae and supraspinal ligament iliac crest and sacrum Insertion angles of the ribs, transverse and spinous processes of vertebrae, posterior aspect of the skull angles of the ribs Action extends and laterally bends the trunk, neck and head Innervation segmentally innervated by dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves CS Artery supplied segmentally by deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa. Notes the erector spinae m. is separated into columns of muscle iliocostalis laterally, longissimus in an intermediate position and spinalis medially each of these columns has multiple named parts the most lateral part of the erector spinae it may be subdivided into lumborum, thoracis and cervicis portions iliocostalis extends and dorsal primary laterally rami of spinal bends the nerves CS trunk and neck supplied segmentally by deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa. interspinales upper border of lower border spinous process of spinous extend trunk dorsal primary supplied these are small and fairly and neck rami of spinal segmentally by insignificant muscles process above nerves CL deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa. intertransversarii upper border of lower border laterally transverse of transverse bend trunk process process above and neck dorsal primary supplied these are small and fairly rami of spinal segmentally by insignificant muscles nerves CL deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa. supplied segmentally by deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa. the intermediate part of the erector spinaeit may be subdivided into thoracis, cervicis and capitis portions longissimus transverse process at inferior vertebral levels transverse process at superior vertebral levels and mastoid process spinous processes vertebral levels superior to their origin extends and dorsal primary laterally rami of spinal bends the nerves CS trunk, neck and head multifidus sacrum, transverse processes of CL extend and laterally bend trunk and neck, rotate to opposite side rotates the head to the same side dorsal primary supplied rami of spinal segmentally by nerves CL deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa. suboccipital occipital a. nerve DPR of C semispinalis, multifidus and rotatores make up the transversospinal muscle group obliquus capitis inferior spinous process transverse of the axis process of atlas greater occipital nerve DPR of C passes superiorly around the inferior margin of inferior oblique obliquus capitis superior transverse occipital bone extends the suboccipital occipital a. process of atlas above inferior head, rotates nerve DPR of nuchal line the head to C the same side spinous process inferior nuchal extends the suboccipital occipital a. of axis line head, rotate nerve DPR of to same side C posterior inferior nuchal extends the tubercle of atlas line medially head suboccipital occipital a. nerve DPR of C the suboccipital triangle is formed by obliquus capitis superior and inferior and rectus capitis posterior major none rectus capitis posterior major rectus capitis posterior minor rectus capitis posterior minor is deeper and inserts more medial than rectus capitis posterior major semispinalis, multifidus and rotatores make up the transversospinal muscle group rotatores transverse processes long rotatores spines vertebrae above origin short rotatores spines vertebrae above origin capitis back of skull between nuchal lines cervicis amp rotates the dorsal primary vertebral rami of spinal column to nerves CL the opposite side supplied segmentally by deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., subcostal aa., lumbar aa. semispinalis transverse processes of CT extends the trunk and laterally bends the trunk, dorsal primary supplied rami of spinal segmentally by nerves CT deep cervical a., posterior intercostal aa., three parts are named based on their insertions capitis, cervicis and thoracis semispinalis, multifidus and rotatores flat shape posterior intercostal aa. lumbar aa.. rotates head to same side supplied splenius means bandage. broad. cervicis posterior tubercles of CC vertebrae mastoid process and lateral end of the superior nuchal line rotates the trunk to the opposite side extends and dorsal primary laterally rami of spinal bends trunk nerves CL and neck subcostal aa. subcostal aa. cervicis and capitis portions supplied segmentally by deep cervical a.. may be subdivided into thoracis. posterior intercostal aa. splenius ligamentum nuchae and spines CT extends and dorsal primary laterally rami of spinal bends neck nerves CC and head. rotates head to the same side supplied segmentally by deep cervical a... segmentally by it gets its name from its deep cervical a.. lumbar aa. posterior intercostal aa.thoracis spines vertebrae above origin spinalis spinous processes at inferior vertebral levels spinous processes at superior vertebral levels and base of the skull capitis mastoid process amp superior nuchal line laterally. named for its shape splenius means bandage and capitis refers to the insertion of this portion of the muscle . make up the transversospinal muscle group most medial part of the erector spinae. splenius capitis ligamentum nuchae and spines of CT vertebrae extends and dorsal primary laterally rami of spinal bends the nerves CC neck and head.. flexor radial a. posterior intercostal aa. ulnar nerve abductor pollicis flexor brevis retinaculum. trapezium base of the abducts thumb proximal phalanx of the first digit recurrent branch of median nerve superficial abductor pollicis palmar br.splenius cervicis ligamentum nuchae and spines of CT vertebrae posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of CC vertebrae extends and dorsal primary laterally rami of spinal bends neck nerves CC and head. of the brevis. pollicis brevis. scaphoid.Listed Alphabetically Muscle abductor digiti minimi hand Origin pisiform Insertion Action Innervation Artery Notes abductor digiti minimi. named for its shape splenius means bandage and cervicis refers to the insertion of this portion of the muscle Muscles of the Upper Limb . flexor digiti minimi brevis. deep posterior . rotates head to the same side supplied segmentally by deep cervical a. and opponens digiti minimi are located in the hypothenar compartment of the hand base of the abducts the th digit proximal phalanx of the th digit on its ulnar side deep branch of the ulnar a. and opponens pollicis are located in the thenar compartment of the hand the tendons of abductor pollicis middle one radial side of abducts the thumb at radial nerve.. midportion of posterolateral ulna base of the adducts the thumb proximal phalanx of the thumb ulnar nerve.longus third of the the base of the carpometacarpal joint branch posterior first surface of the metacarpal radius. transverse head shaft of the rd metacarpal anconeus lateral epicondyle of the humerus deep palmar arterial arch deep palmar arch and deep ulnar nerve pass between the two heads of adductor pollicis. interosseous from the radial recurrent a. which is in the adductorinterosseous compartment none lateral side of the olecranon and the upper onefourth of the ulna extends the forearm nerve to anconeus. supinates musculocutaneous brachial a. a powerful supinator only if the elbow is flexed . flexes arm long head. nerve C. long head supraglenoid flexes the forearm. nerve biceps brachii short head tip tuberosity of of the coracoid the radius process of the scapula. deep branch interosseous a. interosseous membrane. abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis make the lateral border of the anatomical snuffbox adductor pollicis oblique head capitate and base of the nd and rd metacarpals. although brachioradialis is innervated by the nerve for extensors radial. radial recurrent a. a powerful flexor brachioradialis lateral side of flexes the elbow..tubercle of the scapula brachialis anterior surface coronoid of the lower process of the onehalf of the ulna humerus and the associated intermuscular septa upper twothirds of the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus flexes the forearm musculocutaneous brachial a. radial nerve the base of the assists in pronation amp styloid process supination of the radius radial recurrent a. midshaft . the humerus at arm nerve C. thumb up the musculocutaneous nerve passes through the coracobrachialis muscle to reach the other arm flexor coracobrachialis coracoid process of the scapula medial side of flexes and adducts the musculocutaneous brachial a. its primary action is elbow flexion. the neutral position of this muscle is half way between supination and pronation elbow flexed. nerve C. the brachial plexus the deltoid muscle is the principle abductor of the arm but due to poor mechanical advantage it cannot initiate this action. extensor carpi radialis brevis lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus common extends the wrist. ADduct . bipennate muscles. each arising from two adjacent metacarpal shafts base of the proximal phalanx and the extensor expansion on lateral side of the nd digit. abduct digits abduction of digits in the hand is defined as movement away from the midline of the rd digit dorsal and palmar metacarpal aa.biceps brachii and brachialis deltoid lateral onedeltoid third of the tuberosity of clavicle. posterior fibers extend amp laterally rotate the arm axillary nerve posterior C.mm. the lower lip of the crest of the spine of the scapula four muscles. and medial side of the th digit dorsum of the third metacarpal bone base abducts arm. extend the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints of digits . .then you can figure out where they must insert to cause these actions works with the extensor carpi radialis longus and flexor carpi radialis in dorsal interosseous hand flex the ulnar nerve. remember DAB amp PAD . the humerus acromion. it is assisted by the supraspinatus m. abducts the hand radial nerve radial a. deep metacarpophalangeal branch joint. lateral amp medial sides of the rd digit. anterior fibers flex amp medially rotate the arm.Dorsal interosseous mm. from the circumflex posterior cord of humeral a. ABduct and Palmar interosseous mm. abducts the hand deep radial nerve radial a. extensor digiti minimi joins the extensor digitorum tendon to the th digit and inserts into the extensor expansion extensor expansion of digits extends the deep radial nerve metacarpophalangeal. extensor digiti minimi appears to be the ulnarmost portion of extensor digitorum extensor digitorum common extensor tendon lateral epicondyle of extends the deep radial nerve metacarpophalangeal.extensor tendon extensor carpi radialis longus lower onethird of the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus dorsum of the second metacarpal bone base extends the wrist. proximal interphalangeal and interosseous recurrent a. the extensor expansion inserts via a central band on the base of the . and posterior interosseous a. proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints of the th digit interosseous recurrent a. the base of the adducts the hand th metacarpal deep radial nerve ulnar a. abduction of the hand works with the extensor carpi radialis brevis and flexor carpi radialis in abduction of the hand works with the flexor carpi ulnaris in adduction of the hand extensor carpi ulnaris common extensor tendon amp the middle onehalf of the posterior border of the ulna common extensor tendon lateral epicondyle of the humerus medial side of extends the wrist. while lateral amp medial slips insert on the distal phalanx posterior interosseous a extensor indicis is a deep forearm extensor. in which the radial arterial pulse can be felt the tendon of extensor pollicis longus hooks around the dorsal extensor pollicis interosseous base of the longus membrane and distal phalanx middle part of of the thumb the extends the thumb at the interphalangeal joint deep radial nerve posterior interosseous a . extends wrist middle phalanx. whereas extensor digiti minimi is in the superficial layer of extensors extensor indicis interosseous membrane and the posterolateral surface of the distal ulna its tendon joins the tendon of the extensor digitorum to the second digit. proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints extensor pollicis interosseous brevis membrane and the posterior surface of the distal radius extends the thumb at the metacarpophalangeal joint deep radial nerve posterior interosseous a the tendons of extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus make the lateral border of the anatomical snuffbox.the humerus distal interphalangeal joints of the ndth digits. both tendons insert into the extensor expansion base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb extends the index deep radial nerve finger at the metacarpophalangeal. it forms the medial border of the anatomical snuffbox. works with the extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis mm. and opponens digiti minimi are in the hypothenar . hook flexes wrist. in which the radial arterial pulse can be felt base of the second and third metacarpals flexes the wrist. adducts of hamate. flexor digiti minimi brevis hand hook of hamate proximal flexes the amp the flexor phalanx of the carpometacarpal and retinaculum th digit metacarpophalangeal joints of the th digit ulnar nerve. flexor digiti minimi brevis. deep branch ulnar a.posterolateral surface of the ulna radial tubercle. to abduct hand the ulnar nerve passes between the two heads of origin of the flexor carpi ulnaris m. and hand base of th metacarpal ulnar nerve ulnar a. abductor digiti minimi. flexor carpi radialis common flexor tendon from the medial epicondyle of the humerus common flexor tendon amp ulnar head from medial border of olecranon amp upper / of the posterior border of the ulna flexor carpi ulnaris pisiform. abducts the hand median nerve ulnar a. radial head middle / of radius flexor pollicis brevis flexor retinaculum. proximal of digits twothirds of medial border of ulna. proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints median nerve ulnar a. median nerve travels distally in the forearm on the deep surface of the flexor digitorum superficialis m. the tendon of flexor pollicis longus passes through the carpal flexor pollicis longus anterior surface base of the of radius and distal phalanx interosseous of the thumb membrane flexes the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints of the thumb median nerve . abductor radial a.compartment of the hand flexor digitorum posterior base of the profundus border of the distal phalanx ulna. trapezium shafts of the middle phalanges of digits flexes the metacarpophalangeal. of the brevis. proximal flexes the phalanx of the carpometacarpal and st digit metacarpophalangeal joints of the thumb recurrent branch of the median nerve superficial flexor pollicis palmar br. ulnar nerve ulnar onehalf ulnar nerve innervates the portion of profundus that acts on digits amp the ulnar digits flexes the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints median nerve ulnar a. pollicis brevis. anterior radial onehalf. interosseous a.. and opponens pollicis are the three muscles of the thenar compartment of the hand anterior interosseous a. interosseous membrane flexor digitorum humeroulnar superficialis head common flexor tendon. bipennate muscles. remember PAD amp DAB Palmar interossei ADduct and Dorsal interosseous. . . palmar four muscles. amp palmar metacarpal aa. flexes the ulnar nerve. remember DAB amp PAD .Dorsal interosseous mm. supraspinatus. abduct digits abduction of digits in the hand is defined as movement away from the midline of the rd digit interosseous. deep metacarpophalangeal. extend the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints of digits . dorsal hand four muscles.tunnel with the other long digital flexor tendons and the median nerve infraspinatus infraspinatous fossa greater laterally rotates the tubercle of the arm humerus middle facet suprascapular nerve suprascapular a. branch extends proximal and distal interphalangeal joints and adducts digits . teres minor and subscapularis are the rotator cuff muscles dorsal and palmar metacarpal aa. and medial side of the th digit base of the proximal phalanx and extensor expansion of the medial side flex the ulnar nerve. lateral amp medial sides of the rd digit.then you can figure out where they must insert to cause these actions unipennate muscles. each arising from two adjacent metacarpal shafts base of the proximal phalanx and the extensor expansion on lateral side of the nd digit. arising from the palmar surface of the shafts of metacarpals . ABduct and Palmar interosseous mm. infraspinatus. . ADduct . deep metacarpophalangeal branch joint. sometimes from the inferior angle of the scapula medial border of the scapula from the superior angle to the spine extensor expansion on the radial side of the proximal phalanx of elevates the scapula thoracodorsal thoracodorsal a. nerve C. latissimus dorsi adduction of the digits of the hand is in reference to the midline of the rd digit interossei ABduct. amp the of digits amp . lumbricus is latin for quotwormquot arise from the profundus tendons and have . levator scapulae is named for its action lumbrical hand flexor digitorum profundus tendons of digits flex the metacarpophalangeal joints. from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus the inserting tendon twists so that fibers originating highest insert lowest levator scapulae transverse processes of CC vertebrae dorsal scapular nerve C. groove medially posterior third of the iliac crest. the upper part of the muscle receives branches of C amp C dorsal scapular a. st palmar and lateral side interosseous is of digits amp often fused with the adductor pollicis m. and you will be able to figure out where they must insert vertebral floor of the extends the arm and spines from T intertubercular rotates the arm to the sacrum. lower or ribs. . extend the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints median nerve superficial radial via palmar arterial palmar digital arch nerves amp ulnar nerve ulnar via lumbricals.. . trapezium shaft of st metacarpal opposes the thumb recurrent branch of median nerve superficial palmar branch of the radial a.digits of digits deep branch the same pattern of innervation as does the profundus muscle ulnar and median nn. and flexor pollicis brevis are opponens digiti minimi hook of hamate shaft of th and flexor metacarpal retinaculum opposes the th digit ulnar nerve. opponens pollicis. split the task equally ulnar a. abductor digiti minimi. opposition is a rotational movement of the th metacarpal around the long axis of its shaft. deep branch opponens pollicis flexor retinaculum. opponens digiti minimi. and flexor digiti minimi brevis are in the hypothenar compartment of the hand opposition is a rotational movement of the st metacarpal around the long axis of its shaft. abductor pollicis brevis. . amp the st palmar interosseous is often fused with the adductor pollicis m. medially rotates pectoral nerves tubercle of the the arm CT humerus pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk .in the thenar compartment of the hand palmar interosseous four muscles. branch extends proximal and distal interphalangeal joints and adducts digits . . unipennate muscles. palmaris brevis improves the grasp palmaris longus common flexor palmar tendon. and you will be able to figure out where they must insert palmaris brevis skin of the palm near the ulnar border of the hand draws the skin of the superficial br. toward the center of the palm flexes the wrist median nerve ulnar a. arising from the palmar surface of the shafts of metacarpals . fascia overlying the hypothenar eminence base of the proximal phalanx and extensor expansion of the medial side of digits amp . . manubrium amp body of ulnar a. from aponeurosis the medial epicondyle of the humerus pectoralis major medial / of the clavicle. it may be present on one side only the deep fascia on its anterior surface should not be fused to the fascia crest of the flexes and adducts the medial and lateral greater arm. remember PAD amp DAB Palmar interossei ADduct and Dorsal interossei ABduct. deep metacarpophalangeal. and lateral side of digits amp flexes the ulnar nerve. amp adduction of the digits of the hand is in reference to the midline of the rd digit palmar metacarpal aa. . palmaris longus is absent in about of forearms. of ulnar side of the hand the ulnar n. medialward.if it is. two heads of origin of pronator teres . costal cartilages of ribs . T pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk of the mammary gland .. anterior median nerve ulnar recurrent passes between the a. interosseous nerve pronator teres midpoint of the pronates the forearm lateral side of the shaft of the radius median nerve ulnar a.sternum. it works with pronator teres and has the same nerve supply pronator quadratus medial side of the anterior surface of the distal onefourth of the ulna common flexor tendon and deep or ulnar head from medial side of coronoid process of the ulna anterior surface of the distal onefourth of the radius pronates the forearm median nerve via anterior the anterior interosseous a. and downward medial pectoral nerve C. this is an important clinical sign indicating breast disease branches of medial pectoral nerve usually pierce pectoralis minor to reach the pectoralis major muscle pronator quadratus is the deepest muscle in the distal forearm. sometimes from the rectus sheath of the upper abdominal wall pectoralis minor ribs coracoid process of the scapula draws the scapula forward. subcostal a.rhomboideus major spines of vertebrae TT medial border of the scapula inferior to the spine of the scapula retracts. . first two lumbar aa. not the deep back mm. the inferior fibers rotate the scapula superiorly dorsal scapular nerve C dorsal scapular a named for its shape serratus anterior ribs or long thoracic nerve from ventral rami CC lateral thoracic a. a lesion of long thoracic nerve will cause winging of the scapula i.. it receives ventral ramus innervation.. embryonically related to the intercostal muscles. spines lateral to the of vertebrae angles TT and LL pulls down lower ribs branches of the ventral primary rami of spinal nerves TT lowest posterior intercostal a. elevates and of the scapula rotates the scapula at the root of inferiorly the spine of the scapula medial border of the scapula on its costal deep surface it draws the scapula forward. elevates and rotates the scapula inferiorly dorsal scapular nerve C dorsal scapular a. the medial border of the scapula falls away from the posterior chest wall and looks like an angels wing a respiratory muscle. named for its shape rhomboideus minor inferior end of the ligamentum nuchae. fascia. spines of vertebrae C and T medial border retracts.e.. serratus posterior inferior thoracolumbar ribs . serratus posterior superior ligamentum ribs . supraspinatus. embryonically related to the intercostal muscles. supinator crest amp fossa of the ulna. radial lesser tubercle medially rotates the of the humerus arm. it receives ventral ramus innervation. not the deep back mm. supinator lateral side of proximal onethird of the radius supinates the forearm deep radial nerve recurrent interosseous a. lateral elevates the upper ribs nuchae.it cushions the subclavian vessels from bone fragments in clavicular fractures subscapularis. spines to the angles of vertebrae C and TT branches of the ventral primary rami of spinal nerves TT posterior a respiratory intercostal aa. and teres minor are the rotator cuff muscles deep radial nerve passes through the supinator to reach the posterior compartment of the forearm subclavius first rib and its inferior surface draws the clavicle cartilage of the clavicle and hence the shoulder down and forward nerve to subclavius C subscapularis medial twothirds of the costal surface of the scapula subscapular fossa lateral epicondyle of the humerus.muscle. assists extention of the arm upper and lower subscapular a. . . subscapular nerves C. clavicular br. of the thoracoacromial trunk it serves an important protective function . infraspinatus. nerve C. a member of the rotator cuff group named for its shape. posterior cord of the brachial plexus teres minor upper / of the lateral border of the scapula greater laterally rotates the tubercle of the arm humerus lowest facet trapezius medial third of lateral third of elevates and depresses motor spinal the superior the clavicle. from the scapular a. and assists latissimus in its actions fixes the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa during abduction amp flexion of the arm. a member of the rotator cuff group teres major inserts beside the tendon of latissimus dorsi. from the superior trunk of the brachial plexus supraspinatus initiates abduction of the arm. assists in arm extension lower subscapular circumflex nerve C. lesser tubercle medially rotates the of the humerus arm. nuchal line. medial side of depending on which proprioception transverse cervical a. from scapular a. the scapula accessory XI. then the deltoid muscle completes the action. trapezius is an example of a teres major dorsal surface of the inferior angle of the scapula crest of the adducts the arm. . the posterior cord of the brachial plexus axillary nerve circumflex C.collateral ligament. annular ligament supraspinatus supraspinatous greater abducts the arm fossa tubercle of the initiates abduction humerus highest facet suprascapular suprascapular a. rotates the scapula superiorly.Listed Alphabetically Muscle anterior scalene Origin Insertion Action elevates the first Innervation Artery Notes anterior tubercles scalene tubercle brachial plexus. teres minor and the humerus are the other boundaries. long head of the triceps separates the triangular and quadrangular spaces teres major. lateral head posterolateral humerus amp lateral intermuscular septum. radial nerve the long head extends and adducts arm Muscles of the Head and Neck . spinous processes of vertebrae CT triceps brachii the acromion and the upper crest of the scapular spine. medial head posteromedial surface of the inferior / of the humerus extends the forearm. all three heads of origin insert by a common tendon long head olecranon infraglenoid process of the tubercle of the ulna scapula.external occipital protuberance. ascending cervical a muscle of . ligamentum nuchae. pulling its nerve and artery along behind deep brachial profunda brachii a. tubercle of the scapular spine part of the muscle contracts. retracts scapula CC muscle that migrates during development from its level of origin cervical to its final position. the superior from recurrent thyroid a. laryngeal nerve.. adducting the vocal folds inferior laryngeal br. the arytenoideus is often considered to be one muscle with oblique and transverse fibers aryepiglottic apex superior part of the arytenoid cartilage epiglottis draws the epiglottis posteriorly and downward during swallowing draws arytenoid cartilages together.of the transverse processes of vertebrae CC of the first rib rib. to form the aryepiglottic fold the oblique arytenoid m.. lies posterior to the transverse arytenoid m. the phrenic nerve crosses its anterior surface the mucosa is raised by the underlying aryepiglottic m. of laryngeal nerve. an thyrocervical important trunk landmark of the neck. the roots of the brachial plexus pass posterior to it. near its apex . the superior from recurrent thyroid a. a branch of the of vagus X inferior laryngeal br. of laryngeal nerve. it is located between the subclavian vein and the subclavian artery. a branch of the of vagus X arytenoid. a branch of the inspiration. oblique muscular process posterior surface of the arytenoid of the cartilage contralateral arytenoid cartilage. flexes and CC laterally bends the neck a. laryngeal nerve. superior galea aponeurotica superior to ear. wiggle the ears superiorly and posteriorly anterior amp superior temporal branches of facial nerve VII. posterior posterior auricular branch of facial nerve VII superficial temporal a.. mandible. the arytenoideus is often considered to be one muscle with oblique and transverse parts the auricular muscles are derived from the mesenchyme of the second pharyngeal arch. as are the muscles of facial expression although the buccinator is important in mastication. of the facial presses the cheek nerve VII against the teeth . and the maxilla lateral to the molar teeth angle of mouth and the lateral portion of the upper and lower lips pulls the corner of buccal branches facial a. posterior auricular a. mouth laterally.arytenoid. of laryngeal nerve..lies anterior to the oblique arytenoid m. laryngeal nerve. the superior from recurrent thyroid a. it is innervated by the buccal branch of the facial nerve and NOT by the buccal nerve from V a sensory auricular anterior galea aponeurotica anterior to ear. a branch of the vagus nerve X the transverse arytenoid m. posterior mastoid process auricle anteriorly. transverse posterior surface posterior surface of the arytenoid of the cartilage contralateral arytenoid cartilage draws arytenoid cartilages together. adducting the vocal folds inferior laryngeal br. buccinator pterygomandibul ar raphe. superior thyroid a. of the three pharyngeal constrictors. with aid surface of cricoid from the cartilage superior laryngeal and recurrent laryngeal nerves constrictor. middle lesser and greater midline constricts the vagus X. chondroglossus is often considered to be part of the hyoglossus muscle relaxation of the suspensory ligament allows the lens to thicken for accommodation near vision the most external of the three pharyngeal constructor mm.nerve chondroglossus medial side of the lesser horn and body of the hyoid bone meridional fibers scleral spur.. ciliary relaxes the suspensory ligament of the lens parasympathetic ophthalmic a. via pharyngeal horns of the pharyngeal raphe pharyngeal cavity the pharyngeal hyoid bone and plexus the inferior part of the stylohyoid ligament ascending pharyngeal a. constrictor. inferior pharyngeal oblique line of midline constricts vagus X. inferior thyroid a. via the thyroid pharyngeal raphe pharyngeal cavity the pharyngeal cartilage. fibers in the oculomotor nerve III. this one is intermediate in both superior/inferior position and depth . circular fibers encircle the ciliary process pulls the sides of the tongue down hypoglossal nerve XII lingual a. circular fibers encircle the ciliary process ascends to blend with the intrinsic tongue musculature meridional fibers ciliary process. synapsing in the ciliary ganglion ascending pharyngeal a.. lateral plexus. via tubercle and pharyngeal cavity the pharyngeal midline plexus pharyngeal raphe ascending pharyngeal a. cricothyroid branch of the superior thyroid a.constrictor. this muscle causes the furrowed brow of the worried look an antagonist of the posterior cricoarytenoid m. corrugator medial part of the skin of the medial pulls eyebrows temporal branch supratrochlear a. a branch of the vagus nerve X superior laryngeal a. cricothyroid branch of the superior thyroid a. the arteries that supply the larynx anastomose within the larynx to cricoarytenoid. mylohyoid line of mandible pharyngeal constricts the vagus X. the arteries that supply the larynx anastomose within the larynx to supply the mucous membranes and muscles the posterior cricoarytenoid is the only ABductor of the vocal folds. a branch of the vagus nerve X superior laryngeal a. the most internal of the three pharyngeal constructor mm. which pivots the arytenoid cartilage and adducts the vocal folds draws the muscular process posteriorly. from the recurrent laryngeal nerve. which pivots the arytenoid cartilage and abducts the vocal folds inferior laryngeal nerve. lateral cricoarytenoid. supercillary arch half of the together medially of the facial eyebrow nerve VII arch of the cricoid cartilage muscular process draws the of the arytenoid muscular process cartilage of the arytenoid cartilage anteriorly. from the recurrent laryngeal nerve. .. pterygomandibul ar raphe. pterygoid hamulus. posterior posterior surface muscular process of the lamina of of the arytenoid the cricoid cartilage cartilage inferior laryngeal nerve. superior pharyngeal medial pterygoid plate... supply the mucous membranes and muscles cricopharyngeus lateral surface of midline constricts the recurrent the cricoid pharyngeal raphe pharyngeal cavity laryngeal nerve, cartilage and the entrance a branch of the to the esophagus vagus nerve X cricothyroid branch of the superior thyroid a., ascending pharyngeal a. cricopharyngeus represents the lowest fibers of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor it is continuous with the esophagus below and marks the beginning of it this is the only intrinsic muscle of the larynx that is not supplied by the recurrent laryngeal n. ALL other laryngeal muscles are innervated by recurrent laryngeal nerve, via its inferior laryngeal branch cricothyroid arch of the cricoid cartilage inferior border of draws the thyroid the thyroid cartilage forward, cartilage lengthening the vocal ligaments external branch cricothyroid of superior branch of the laryngeal nerve, superior thyroid a. a branch of the vagus nerve X depressor anguli oris oblique line of the mandible angle of the mouth pulls the corner of marginal inferior labial a quotfrownquot muscle the mouth mandibular amp branch of the downward buccal branches facial a., mental a. of the facial nerve VII depressor labii inferioris anterior surface of the mandible skin of the lower lip depresses the lower lip marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve VII inferior labial this muscle is used branch of the to bare the lower facial a., mental a. incisor teeth depressor septi maxilla near the midline above the incisor teeth anterior belly digastric fossa of the mandible posterior belly mastoid notch of the temporal bone nasal septum depresses the buccal branch nasal septum of facial nerve involved in VII flaring the nostrils anterior belly mylohyoid nerve, from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve V posterior belly facial nerve VII superior labial branch of the facial a. anterior belly submental a. posterior belly occipital a. depressor septi is considered a part of the nasalis m. the digastric m. forms two sides of the submandibular triangle it is formed from mesenchyme derived from the first two pharyngeal arches, hence its dual innervation none digastric body of the hyoid elevates the hyoid via a fibrous loop bone depresses over an the mandible intermediate tendon dilator pupillae outer margin of iris inner margin of iris dilates the pupil sympathetic fibers via short ciliary nerves, synapsing in superior cervical sympathetic ophthalmic a. ganglion epicranius frontalis galea aponeurotica occipitalis superior nuchal line frontalis skin of the eyebrows occipitalis galea aponeurotica elevates the eyebrows and wrinkles the forehead frontalis temporal branches of the facial nerve VII occipitalis posterior auricular branch of the facial nerve VII frontalis supraorbital and supratrochlear aa. occipitalis occipital a. the frontalis and occipitalis muscles are two bellies of the epicranius muscle also known as occipitofrontalis m. frontalis galea aponeurotica skin of the eyebrow elevates the eyebrows and wrinkles the forehead temporal supraorbital and branches of the supratrochlear aa. facial nerve VII lingual a. frontalis is the anterior belly of the epicranius muscle an extrinsic muscle of the tongue XII innervates all tongue muscles except palatoglossus innervated by vagus X, as are most of the palate and pharynx muscles genioglossus is used to test the genioglossus mental spine on the inner aspect of the mental symphysis fans out to insert into the tongue from the tip to the base protrudes the hypoglossal tongue inferior nerve XII fibers depresses tongue middle fibers depresses ramus of spinal submental a. with aid superior thyroid clinicians examining the eye will ask the patient to look toward the bridge of the nose to test the function of this muscle inferior pharyngeal constrictor oblique line of the thyroid cartilage. via ascending pharyngeal raphe pharyngeal cavity the pharyngeal pharyngeal a.function of cranial nerve XII geniohyoid mental spines of the mandible body of the hyoid elevates the hyoid ventral primary lingual a. inferior surface of abducts the nerve III. plexus. the mandible nerve C via fibers carried by the hypoglossal nerve thyrohyoid and geniohyoid receive ansa cervicalis fibers that travel with the hypoglossal nerve distal to the superior limb of the ansa cervicalis an extrinsic muscle of the tongue hyoglossus upper border of the greater horn of the hyoid and body of the hyoid bone floor of the orbit lateral to the lacrimal groove spreads out into the intrinsic muscles of the tongue depresses the sides of the tongue.. this muscle elevates the cornea midline constricts vagus X.. bone bone. lateral the most external of the three pharyngeal . when the eye is adducted. retracts the tongue hypoglossal nerve XII lingual a. inferior oblique sclera on the elevates and oculomotor ophthalmic a. rotates the superior pole of the iris laterally. the eyeball corneal part of the inferior division eye. laryngeal and recurrent laryngeal nerves depresses and oculomotor ophthalmic a. it has a rotational action on the iris an antagonist of the posterior cricoarytenoid m. rotates the superior pole of the iris laterally inferior laryngeal nerve. corneal part of the inferior division eyeball. mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve V ...surface of cricoid cartilage from the a. superior a. from the recurrent laryngeal nerve. active in grinding actions of chewing lateral pterygoid superior head greater wing of the sphenoid bone. a branch of the vagus nerve X superior laryngeal a. cricothyroid branch of the superior thyroid a.. opens the mouth. which pivots the arytenoid cartilage and adducts the vocal folds superior head capsule and amp articular disk of the temporomandibul ar joint. the superior head of lateral pterygoid is inferior rectus common sclera on the tendinous ring at inferior surface of the apex of the the eyeball orbit lateral cricoarytenoid arch of the cricoid cartilage muscular process draws the of the arytenoid muscular process cartilage of the arytenoid cartilage anteriorly. because this muscle approaches the eyeball from a medial direction. inferior thyroid constructor mm. inferior head neck of the protracts the mandible. adducts the nerve III. the arteries that supply the larynx anastomose within the larynx to supply the mucous membranes and muscles the only one of the muscles of mastication that opens the mouth. inferior head lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid lateral pterygoid pterygoid branch branch of the of the maxillary a. infraorbital a. superior labial branch of the facial a.. superior labial branch of the facial a..plate mandible sometimes called sphenomeniscus due to its insertion into the disc of the temporomandibula r joint abducts the abducens nerve ophthalmic a.. nerve III and sympathetics to the superior fibers inserting into the superior tarsal plate are called superior . infraorbital a. as in a sneer none levator labii superioris alaque nasi levator palpebrae superioris frontal process of ala of the nose the maxilla and skin of the upper lip apex of the orbit above the optic canal elevates the upper buccal branch lip and flares the of the facial nostril nerve VII skin and fascia of elevates the upper upper eyelid and eyelid the superior tarsal plate oculomotor ophthalmic a. superior labial branch of the facial a. levator labii superioris inferior margin of the orbit skin of the upper lip levator labii superioris is used to bare the upper incisor teeth. corneal part of the VI eyeball loss of function of the abducens nerve will cause the eye to be abducted a quotsmilequot muscle lateral rectus common sclera on the tendinous ring at lateral surface of the apex of the the eyeball orbit angle corner of the mouth levator anguli oris canine fossa of the maxilla elevates the angle buccal branch of the mouth of the facial nerve VII elevates the upper buccal branch lip of the facial nerve VII infraorbital a. tarsal portion tarsal muscle and are smooth muscle. longitudinalis within tongue near the apex shapes the tongue hypoglossal for speech and nerve XII mastication lingual a.the scapula from vertebrae the superior angle to the spine dorsal scapular nerve C. the upper part of the muscle receives branches of C amp C spinal nerves levator veli palatini apex of the petrous part of the temporal bone and the medial surface of the auditory tube cartilage within tongue muscles and fascia of the soft palate. lesion of the sympathetic supply causes slight ptosis drooping of the eyelid dorsal scapular a. longitudinalis has superior and inferior subdivisions that . palatine aponeurosis elevates the soft palate vagus nerve X ascending via the pharyngeal a. an intrinsic muscle of the tongue. pharyngeal plexus a derivative of the fourth pharyngeal arch linguae. named for its action levator scapulae transverse medial border of elevates scapula processes of C. of vertebrae C the occipital bone neck ventral primary rami of spinal nerves C anterior tubercles and anterior surfaces of the bodies of vertebrae CT zygomatic arch and zygomatic bone anterior arch of flex neck. chewing muscle the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve V . neck C anterior surfaces of bodies of vertebrae C lateral surface of the ramus and angle of the mandible elevates the mandible longus colli none masseter nerve to the masseteric branch a powerful masseter. tubercles of C. deep cervical a. shapes the tongue for speech and mastication hypoglossal nerve XII lingual a. anterior and laterally bend brachial plexus. an intrinsic muscle of the tongue whose fibers run superoinferiorly none longus capitis anterior tubercles basilar portion of flex the head and cervical plexus. atlas. from of the maxillary a. transversus within tongue within tongue compresses the sides of the tongue. verticalis within tongue within tongue shapes the tongue hypoglossal for speech and nerve XII mastication lingual a. an intrinsic muscle of the tongue whose fibers run transversely linguae. rotate cervical and deep cervical a.span the length of the tongue linguae. inferior mentalis has no labial branch of direct action on the facial a. the oral aperture middle pharyngeal lesser and greater midline constricts the vagus X. pyramidal process of the palatine bone. flexes and CC a. of the three pharyngeal constrictors.medial pterygoid medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate. ascending cervical rib. also called scalenus middle scalene posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of upper surface of the first rib behind the subclavian artery elevates the first brachial plexus. this one is intermediate in both superior/inferior position and depth a muscle of respiration inspiratory. this muscle mirrors the masseter m. tuberosity of the maxilla medial surface of elevates and the ramus and protracts the angle of the mandible mandible medial pterygoid branch pterygoid of the maxillary a. medial rectus common sclera on the adducts the tendinous ring at medial surface of corneal part of the the apex of the the eyeball eyeball orbit anterior surface of the mandible near the mental symphysis midline skin of the chin elevates the skin of chin mentalis mental a. this muscle directly opposes the action of the lateral rectus m. branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve V oculomotor nerve III inferior division marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve VII ophthalmic a.. laterally bends the neck . via constrictor horns of the pharyngeal raphe pharyngeal cavity the pharyngeal hyoid bone and plexus the inferior part of the stylohyoid ligament ascending pharyngeal a. in position and action with the ramus of the mandible between the two mm. both muscles are derivatives of the second pharygneal arch nasalis has two subsidiary parts nasalis pars alaris and pars transversa a subdivision of the nasalis m. depresses the mandible mylohyoid mylohyoid branch nerve from the of the inferior inferior alveolar alveolar a. penetrated by the dorsal scapular n. nerve. superior labial nasalis pars . a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve V buccal branch of the facial nerve VII superior labial branch of the facial a. nasalis maxilla above the ala of the nose incisor teeth and and midline the canine teeth aponeurosis flattens the nose. flare the nostrils nasalis pars alaris maxilla above the ala of the nose canine teeth maxilla above the midline flares the nostrils buccal branch of facial nerve VII flattens the nose buccal branch superior labial branch of the facial a.vertebrae CC medius. via pharyngeal plexus the soft palate and uvula resist the upward pressure of the tongue during swallowing the nerve to mylohyoid also innervates the anterior belly of digastric m. mucosa of the uvula shortens the uvula vagus nerve X lesser palatine a. a subdivision of musculus uvulae posterior nasal spine mylohyoid mylohyoid line of mandible midline raphe and elevates the hyoid body of the hyoid bone and the bone tongue.. and long thoracic n. the superior from recurrent thyroid a. inferior floor of the orbit lateral to the lacrimal groove sclera on the elevates and oculomotor ophthalmic a. adducting the vocal folds of facial nerve VII branch of the facial a.. a branch of the of vagus X oblique. when the eye is adducted. the oblique arytenoid m. when the eye is adducted. this muscle moves the . superior apex of the orbit above the optic canal passes through a fibrocartilagenous pulley known as the trochlea. oblique. near its apex inferior laryngeal br. the eyeball corneal part of the inferior division eye. of laryngeal nerve. rotates the superior pole of the iris laterally. lies posterior to the transverse arytenoid m. the nasalis m. this muscle elevates the cornea sclera on the posterior superior surface of the eyeball depresses and abducts the eyeball. rotates the superior pole of the iris medially trochlear nerve IV ophthalmic a. inferior surface of abducts the nerve III.transversa oblique arytenoid incisor teeth aponeurosis draws arytenoid cartilages together. laryngeal nerve. the arytenoideus is often considered to be one muscle with oblique and transverse fibers clinicians examining the eye will ask the patient to look toward the bridge of the nose to test the function of this muscle muscular process posterior surface of the arytenoid of the cartilage contralateral arytenoid cartilage. occipitofrontalis frontalis galea aponeurotica. infraorbital a.. tendon of omohyoid is tethered to the clavicle by a fascial sling orbicularis oculi supraorbital a.cornea inferiorly occipitalis superior nuchal line galea aponeurotica pulls the scalp posteriorly. also known as epicranius m. occipitalis posterior auricular branch of the facial nerve VII frontalis supraorbital and supratrochlear aa.. occipitalis is the posterior belly of the epicranius muscle the frontalis and occipitalis muscles are two bellies of the occipitofrontalis muscle. superior belly lower border of the hyoid bone lateral to the sternohyoid insertion orbital part skin of the lateral cheek. occipitalis superior nuchal line frontalis skin of the eyebrows. occipitalis galea aponeurotica omohyoid inferior belly upper border of the scapula medial to the scapular notch. activated involuntarily in the blink reflex.. palpebral part lateral palpebral raphe closes the eyelids temporal amp zygomatic branches of the facial nerve VII transverse cervical the intermediate a. supratrochlear a. occipitalis occipital a. elevates the eyebrows elevates the eyebrows and wrinkles the forehead posterior occipital a. the palpebral part is active in normal blinking and the . angular branch of the facial a. palpebral part inferior belly depresses/stabiliz ansa cervicalis intermediate es the hyoid bone tendon. superior belly intermediate tendon orbital part medial orbital margin and the medial palpebral ligament.. auricular branch of the facial nerve VII frontalis temporal branches of the facial nerve VII. it is a palatal muscle innervated by X palatopharyngeus is part of the inner longitudinal muscle layer of the pharynx platysma is derived from the mesenchyme of the second pharyngeal arch palatopharyngeus posterior margin of the bony palate and the palatine aponeurosis posterior wall of the pharynx and the posterior margin of the thyroid cartilage elevates the larynx vagus nerve X ascending via pharyngeal pharyngeal a. plexus platysma fascia overlying inferior border of the pectoralis the mandible and major and deltoid skin of lower face muscles draws the corners cervical branch facial a.. elevates and entering it from retracts the above tongue buccal branch of the facial nerve VII superior and inferior labial branches of the facial a. infraorbital a. of the mouth of the facial down. ascending pharyngeal a. mental a.medial palpebral ligament orbicularis oris skin and fascia of skin and fascia of purses the lips lips and the area the lips surrounding the lips palatine aponeurosis side of the tongue.. it aids in nerve VII depression of the mandible . orbital part is used to forcefully close the eye the quotkissingquot muscle palatoglossus vagus nerve X via the pharyngeal plexus although palatoglossus sounds like a tongue muscle and would therefore be innervated by XII. tonsilar branch of the facial a.. posterior cricoarytenoid posterior surface muscular process of the lamina of of the arytenoid the cricoid cartilage cartilage draws the muscular process posteriorly. lateral superior head greater wing of the sphenoid bone. the posterior cricoarytenoid is the only ABductor of the vocal folds. the arteries that supply the larynx anastomose within the larynx to supply the mucous membranes and muscles a muscle of respiration inspiratory. from the recurrent laryngeal nerve. and laterally bends the neck depresses the temporal branch supratrochlear a. inferior head lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate the only one of the muscles of mastication that opens the mouth. a branch of the vagus nerve X superior laryngeal a. which pivots the arytenoid cartilage and abducts the vocal folds inferior laryngeal nerve. cricothyroid branch of the superior thyroid a. inferior head neck of the mandible pterygoid. it is the longest of the scalene muscles none posterior scalene posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of vertebrae CC nasal bone lateral surface of the second rib elevates the brachial plexus. flexes CC a. mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve V procerus skin between the eyebrows superior head capsule and amp articular disk of the temporomandibul ar joint. active in grinding actions of chewing lateral pterygoid pterygoid branch branch of the of the maxillary a. ascending cervical second rib. medial corners of of the facial the eyebrows nerve VII protracts the mandible. opens the mouth.. the superior head of lateral pterygoid is sometimes called sphenomeniscus due to its insertion . synapsing in superior cervical sympathetic ganglion ophthalmic a. this muscle mirrors the masseter m. none pupillae. pyramidal process of the palatine bone. branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve V sympathetic fibers via short ciliary nerves. medial medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate. sphincter encircles iris encircles iris constricts the pupil parasympathetic ophthalmic a. dilator inner margin of iris dilates the pupil pupillae. fibers of oculomotor nerve III. ramus of spinal nerve C none rectus capitis anterior lateral mass of atlas basilar portion of occipital bone flexes the head none . in position and action with the ramus of the mandible between the two mm.into the disc of the temporomandibula r joint pterygoid. synapsing in ciliary ganglion ventral primary deep cervical a. tuberosity of the maxilla outer margin of iris medial surface of elevates and the ramus and protracts the angle of the mandible mandible medial pterygoid branch pterygoid of the maxillary a. . anterolateral to head ramus of spinal foramen magnum nerve C depresses and oculomotor ophthalmic a. corneal part of the VI eyeball none common sclera on the tendinous ring at inferior surface of the apex of the the eyeball orbit because this muscle approaches the eyeball from a medial direction. risorius fascia of the lateral cheek skin of the angle corner of the buccal branches transverse facial of the facial a. adducts the nerve III. superior division ophthalmic a. rotates the superior pole of the iris medially draws the corner of the mouth oculomotor nerve III inferior division oculomotor nerve III.. superior ophthalmic a. facial a. it has a rotational action on the iris loss of function of the abducens nerve will cause the eye to be abducted this muscle directly opposes the action of the lateral rectus m.rectus capitis lateralis rectus. lateral common sclera on the tendinous ring at lateral surface of the apex of the the eyeball orbit rectus. rectus. because this muscle approaches the eye from a medial position. rotates the superior pole of the iris laterally abducts the abducens nerve ophthalmic a. it causes the iris to rotate medially risorius is active in expressions of rectus. inferior transverse process of atlas occipital bone laterally bends the ventral primary deep cervical a. medial common sclera on the adducts the tendinous ring at medial surface of corneal part of the the apex of the the eyeball eyeball orbit common sclera on the tendinous ring at superior surface the apex of the of the eyeball orbit elevates and adducts the eyeball. corneal part of the inferior division eyeball. mouth salpingopharyngeu inferior surface s of the anteromedial end of the auditory tube cartilage laterally nerve VII vagus nerve X ascending via the pharyngeal a. ascending cervical rib. anterior anterior tubercles scalene tubercle of the transverse of the first rib processes of vertebrae CC elevates the first brachial plexus. flexes and CC laterally bends the neck ascending cervical a. pharyngeal wall elevates the and superior larynx border of the thyroid cartilage along with the palatopharyngeus m. laterally bends the neck . the phrenic nerve crosses its anterior surface a muscle of respiration inspiratory. middle posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of vertebrae CC upper surface of the first rib behind the subclavian artery elevates the first brachial plexus. salpingopharynge us is derived from the fourth pharyngeal arch a muscle of inspiration. flexes and CC a. it is located between the subclavian vein and the subclavian artery.. pharyngeal plexus mirth like other muscles of the pharyngeal wall. a branch of the thyrocervical trunk scalene. the roots of the brachial plexus pass posterior to it. an important landmark of the neck. scalene. penetrated by the dorsal scapular n. also called scalenus medius. rib. posterior posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of vertebrae CC greater wing of the sphenoid lateral surface of the second rib elevates the brachial plexus. fibers of oculomotor nerve III. rotates head to same side splenius means bandage. cervicis posterior tubercles of C extends and laterally bends neck and head.and long thoracic n. in bone. except for its tendon. scalene. a muscle of respiration inspiratory. ascending cervical second rib. none sphenomeniscus capsule and articular disk of the temporomandibul ar joint encircles iris sphincter pupillae encircles iris constricts the pupil splenius ligamentum nuchae and spines CT capitis mastoid process amp superior nuchal line laterally. and laterally bends the neck pulls the articular disk forward in opening of the mouth lateral pterygoid pterygoid branch branch of of the maxillary a.. it gets its name from its broad. a . posterior intercostal aa. synapsing in ciliary ganglion dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C supplied segmentally by deep cervical a. flat shape stapedius walls of the pyramidal eminence neck of the stapes dampens vibration of the stapes facial nerve VII anterior tympanic entirely enclosed a. it is the longest of the scalene muscles sphenomeniscus is another name for the superior belly of the lateral pterygoid m. flexes CC a. mandibular division of trigeminal nerve V parasympathetic ophthalmic a. superior thyroid a.. to it from C amp C for proprioception sternohyoid posterior surfaces of both the manubrium and sternal end of the clavicle lower border of the hyoid bone. with d branch of the structures lie deep sensory supply occipital a. anterior side of the styloid process posterolateral side retracts and of the tongue elevates the tongue hypoglossal nerve XII styloglossus ascending an extrinsic pharyngeal a. clavicular head medial /rd of the clavicle mastoid process and lateral / of the superior nuchal line draws the mastoid process down toward the same side which causes the chin to turn up toward the opposite side. sternothyroid lies deep to the sternohyoid m. insertion depresses/stabiliz ansa cervicalis es the hyoid bone superior thyroid a. muscle of the ascending palatine tongue branch of the .derivative of the second pharyngeal arch sternocleidomastoi sternal head d anterior surface of the manubrium. the muscles of the two sides flex the neck spinal accessory sternocleidomastoi carotid sheath nerve XI. acting together. sternohyoid overlies the sternothyroid and thyrohyoid mm. sternothyroid posterior surface oblique line of the depresses/stabiliz ansa cervicalis of the thyroid cartilage es the hyoid bone manubrium below the origin of the sternohyoid m. medial to the omohyoid m. it is a derivative of the third pharyngeal arch passes through a fibrocartilagenous pulley known as the trochlea. when the eye is adducted. to insert on the body of the hyoid bone ascending pharyngeal a.facial a. rotates the superior pole of the iris medially trochlear nerve IV ophthalmic a. is the only muscle of the pharyngeal wall NOT innervated by the vagus X nerve. and the posterior belly of the digastric m. superior oblique apex of the orbit above the optic canal sclera on the posterior superior surface of the eyeball depresses and abducts the eyeball. the only muscle innervated by IX. stylohyoid posterior side of the styloid process splits around the elevates and facial nerve intermediate retracts the hyoid VII tendon of the bone digastric m. this muscle moves the stylopharyngeus medial side of the superior border of elevates the styloid process the thyroid larynx cartilage and also into the pharyngeal wall glossopharynge ascending al nerve IX pharyngeal a. shortly after exiting from the stylomastoid foramen stylopharyngeus. facial nerve innervates both the stylohyoid m. . rotates the superior pole of the iris medially elevates the mandible. retracts the mandible posterior fibers oculomotor nerve III. because this muscle approaches the eye from a medial position. mylohyoid line of mandible pharyngeal constricts the vagus X. superior division ophthalmic a. it causes the iris to rotate medially a powerful chewing muscle. tensor tympani cartilagenous manubrium of the auditory tube and malleus the greater wing of the sphenoid bone which lies adjacent to it dampens vibrations of the tympanic membrane V innervates both tensor muscles of the head tympani and veli palatini which are . pterygoid hamulus.cornea inferiorly superior pharyngeal constrictor medial pterygoid plate. the most internal of the three pharyngeal constructor mm. from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve V medial pterygoid branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve superior tympanic branch of the middle meningeal a. pterygomandibul ar raphe. via tubercle and pharyngeal cavity the pharyngeal midline plexus pharyngeal raphe ascending pharyngeal a. a derivative of the first pharyngeal arch temporalis temporal fossa coronoid process and the temporal of the mandible fascia and the anterior surface of the ramus of the mandible anterior and anterior and posterior deep posterior deep temporal nerves temporal aa. superior rectus common sclera on the tendinous ring at superior surface the apex of the of the eyeball orbit elevates and adducts the eyeball. the medial most fibers of thyroarytenoid that insert along the vocal ligament are called the vocalis muscle represents the superior fibers of thyroarytenoid muscle which fan out to the quadrangular tensor veli palatini scaphoid fossa. a branch of the vagus nerve X thyroepiglottic inner surface of lateral surface of the thyroid the epiglottic cartilage near the cartilage laryngeal prominence draws the epiglottic cartilage downward inferior laryngeal branch laryngeal nerve. laryngeal nerve. relaxing and adducting the vocal folds inferior laryngeal branch laryngeal nerve. laryngeal nerve. palatine lateral wall of the aponeurosis auditory tube cartilage opens the auditory tube. tenses the soft palate mandibular ascending division of the pharyngeal a.V derivatives of the first pharyngeal arch remember V innervates both tensor muscles tympani and veli palatini. of the superior from recurrent thyroid a. and the vocalis m. ALL other palatal muscles are innervated by vagus its subsidiary parts are the thyroepiglottic m.. trigeminal nerve V thyroarytenoid inner surface of the thyroid cartilage anteriorly lateral border of the arytenoid cartilage draws the arytenoid cartilage forward. of the superior from recurrent thyroid a. a branch of the vagus nerve X . thyrohyoid lies via fibers deep to the running with sternohyoid the hypoglossal nerve that leave XII distal to the superior limb of ansa preganglionic inferior thyroid a.lies anterior to the transverse arytenoid posterior surface posterior surface of the arytenoid of the cartilage contralateral draws arytenoid cartilages together. .. the arytenoideus is often considered to be one muscle with oblique and transverse parts the transverse arytenoid m. smooth muscle. parasympathetic bronchial aa. adducting the vocal folds inferior laryngeal br. found in the fibers from the submucosal layer vagus X nerve trachealis posterior edge of posterior edge of the tracheal the tracheal cartilage cartilage of other side joins tracheal rings posteriorly posterior surface posterior surface of the arytenoid of the cartilage contralateral arytenoid cartilage constricts the bronchi and trachea transverse arytenoid draws arytenoid cartilages together.membrane and epiglottis thyrohyoid oblique line of the thyroid cartilage lower border of the hyoid bone elevates the larynx. the superior from recurrent thyroid a. of laryngeal nerve..lies anterior to the oblique arytenoid m. inferior laryngeal br. depresses/stabiliz es the hyoid bone ansa cervicalis superior thyroid a. a branch of the vagus nerve X the transverse arytenoid m. laryngeal nerve. the superior from recurrent thyroid a. of laryngeal nerve. . the cricothyroid m. a branch of the vagus nerve X oblique arytenoid m. facial a. zygomaticus minor lateral part of the upper lip elevates the upper buccal branch lip of the facial nerve VII a quotsmilequot muscle . a branch of the vagus nerve X zygomaticus major upper lateral surface of the zygomatic bone lower surface of the zygomatic bone skin of the angle of the mouth elevates and draws the corner of the mouth laterally zygomatic and transverse facial buccal branches a. of laryngeal nerve. recurrent laryngeal nerve. grossly tenses the vocal ligaments. while the vocalis muscle provides the mechanism for fine tuning the vibrations of the vocal folds a quotsmilequot muscle vocalis surface of the vocal ligament thyroid cartilage. the arytenoideus is often considered to be one muscle with oblique and transverse parts represents the innermost fibers of the thyroarytenoid muscle. of the facial nerve VII transverse facial a. vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage relaxes segments of the vocal ligament. facial a..arytenoid cartilage adducting the vocal folds laryngeal nerve. thereby adjusting pitch inferior laryngeal br. the superior from the thyroid a.. Muscles of the Thoracic Region . superior phrenic a. the only difference being that they lie deep to the intercostal neurovascular bundle in number. fascia of the over the quadratus diaphragm lumborum and psoas major mm. intercostal space nerves Tcoursing up from blowing out T intercostal a.Listed Alphabetically Muscle diaphragm Origin Insertion Action Innervation Artery musculophrenic a. space coursing. downward and medially pushes the phrenic nerve abdominal viscera CC inferiorly.lateral amp medial arcuate ligaments. central tendon costal margin.. increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity inspiration keeps the intercostal intercostal space nerves Tfrom blowing out T or sucking in during respiration external intercostal intercostal a. internal intercostal upper border of a rib lower border of keeps the intercostal rib above. they extend from the margin of the sternum to the innermost intercostal upper borders of a rib fibers course up and medially to insert on the inferior margin of the rib above keeps the intercostal intercostal space nerves Tfrom blowing out T or sucking in during respiration intercostal a.. . have the same fiber direction as the internal intercostal mm. Notes left crus attaches to the LL vertebral bodies. the right crus attaches to the LL vertebral bodies xiphoid process.. continuous with the external intercostal membrane anteriorly innermost intercostal mm. inferior phrenic a. they extend from the tubercle of the rib to the costochondral junction. vertebral bodies LL lower border of a rib upper border of within an intercostal the rib below. in number. medial to the angle angle of a rib ribs above origin elevates the rib compresses the intercostal intercostal spaces nerves transversus posterior surface of thoracis the sternum inner surfaces of costal cartilages compresses the thorax for forced expiration intercostal nerves internal thoracic a. transversus thoracis. continuous posteriorly with the internal intercostal membrane dorsal primary deep cervical a.. is internal abdominal oblique muscles contribution to the coverings of the spermatic cord and testis. rami of spinal intercostal aa. females . nerves CT intercostal a.Listed Alphabetically Muscle cremaster Origin Insertion Action Innervation Artery Notes the cremaster m. the cremasteric inguinal ligament forms thin network of muscle fascicles around the spermatic cord and testis or around the distal elevates testis genital branch of cremasteric a. make up the deepest intercostal muscle layer levatores costarum subcostalis transverse processes CT angle of ribs rib below its origin..and medially or sucking in during respiration angle of the rib. transversus thoracis amp innermost intercostal mm. these are fairly small and insignificant muscles subcostalis. a not well the genitofemoral branch of the inferior developed in nerve epigastric a. make up the innermost intercostal muscle layer Muscles of the Abdominal Region . subcostalis amp innermost intercostal mm. . anterior superior iliac spine amp anterior half of iliac crest interfoveolar transversus anterior lamina abdominis fibers of femoral that lie sheath.. superficial circumflex iliac a. distributes cutaneously elevates testis tenses the skin of the pudendal region in the female flexes and laterally bends the trunk postganglionic cremasteric a. superficial epigastric a. pubic crest amp tubercle. superficial external pudendal a... sympathetic nerve posterior scrotal fibers arriving via labial a. iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves musculophrenic a. intercostal aa.... which dartos subcutaneous connective tissue of the scrotum and the penis or labium majus and clitoris lower ribs skin of the scrotum and penis or labium majus and clitoris external abdominal oblique linea alba. the external spermatic fascia is the external abdominal oblique muscles contribution to the coverings of the testis and spermatic cord an inconstant part of the transversus abdominis m. compresses abdominal contents iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves . the ilioinguinal nerve and the posterior scrotal nerve intercostal nerves .. subcostal a.. inferior epigastric a. lumbar aa.portion of the round ligament of the uterus reflex may be elicited by stroking the medial thigh where the femoral branch of the genitofemoral n. inferior epigastric a. or the goosebump muscles the inguinal ligament is a specialization of the external abdominal oblique aponeurosis. . the dartos elevates the testis in response to cold it is modified arrector pili fibers. subcostal. deep circumflex iliac a. superior epigastric a. .. iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves musculophrenic a... perpendicular to the fibers of external abdominal oblique. subcostal a. the external spermatic fascia is the external abdominal oblique muscles contribution to the coverings of the testis and spermatic cord oblique. superior epigastric a... deep circumflex iliac a. may be replaced by a ligament interfoveolar ligament anterior fibers of internal abdominal oblique course up and medially... lumbar aa. pubic crest amp tubercle. . lumbar aa. subcostal a.. superior epigastric a. anterior / of the iliac crest.. inferior epigastric a. subcostal. pubic laterally crest bends the trunk intercostal nerves .. superficial circumflex iliac a. external abdominal lower ribs linea alba. superficial epigastric a. superficial external pudendal a. iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves musculophrenic a.. anterior superior iliac spine amp anterior half of iliac crest flexes and laterally bends the trunk intercostal nerves . superficial external . lateral / of the inguinal ligament lower or ribs. deep circumflex iliac a. flexes and linea alba. subcostal..superficial to the immediately inferior distal to origin of epigastric vessels inferior epigastric vessels internal abdominal oblique thoracolumbar fascia. superficial epigastric a.. superficial circumflex iliac a. inferior epigastric a... the cremaster muscle and fascia is the internal abdominal oblique muscles contribution to the coverings of the testis and spermatic cord the inguinal ligament is a specialization of the external abdominal oblique aponeurosis. intercostal aa. intercostal aa.. lumbar aa. superficial epigastric a.. is . subcostal a. superior epigastric a. the cremaster muscle and fascia is the internal abdominal oblique muscles contribution to the coverings of the testis and spermatic cord the genitofemoral nerve pierces the anterior surface of the psoas major m.. subcostal.. lumbar aa. superficial circumflex iliac a.. lateral / of the inguinal ligament lower or ribs.. internal abdominal thoracolumbar fascia.. psoas minor bodies of the T iliopubic amp L vertebrae eminence at the line of junction of the ilium and the superior pubic ramus pubis. psoas major bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae lesser trochanter of femur with iliacus via iliopsoas tendon flexes the thigh. oblique. inferior epigastric a.. iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves musculophrenic a.. deep circumflex iliac a. flexes amp laterally bends the lumbar vertebral column flexes amp laterally bends the lumbar vertebral column draws the branches of the ventral primary rami of spinal nerves LL subcostal a. anterior to linea alba branches of the ventral primary rams of spinal nerves LL lumbar aa. . anterior fibers of internal abdominal oblique course up and medially. anterior / of the iliac crest.pudendal a... absent in of cases pyramidalis subcostal nerve subcostal a. perpendicular to the fibers of external abdominal oblique. intercostal aa. inferior the pyramidalis m. superficial external pudendal a. pubic laterally crest bends the trunk intercostal nerves . flexes and linea alba. thoracolumbar fascia. transversalis fascia.. lumbar and ventral aa. fixes the th rib epigastric a. subcostal. superficial circumflex iliac a. anterior / of the iliac crest.. lateral / of inguinal ligament linea alba. and intercostal aa... superficial epigastric a.the rectus abdominis quadratus lumborum posterior part of the iliac crest and the iliolumbar ligament transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae and the th rib linea alba inferiorly laterally bends the trunk. of the pubis iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves musculophrenic a. subcostal nerve subcostal a. inferior epigastric a. intercostal aa. deep circumflex iliac a. inferior epigastric a. subcostal nerve subcostal a. superficial external pudendal a. lumbar aa.. . not always present the lateral arcuate ligament of the diaphragm crosses the anterior surface of the quadratus lumborum m. forms the internal spermatic fascia rectus abdominis pubis and the xiphoid process pubic symphysis of the sternum and costal cartilages flexes the trunk transversus abdominis lower ribs. subcostal a. rectus sheath contains rectus abdominis and is formed by the aponeuroses of external and internal oblique and transversus abdominis mm.. pubic compresses intercostal nerves crest and pecten the abdomen . superior epigastric a...... the deep fascia that covers the inner surface of the transversus abdominis. . primary rami of spinal nerves LL intercostal nerves superior epigastric a. transversus abdominis muscle does not contribute to the coverings of the spermatic cord and testis. central tendinous in male point and the midline raphe on the bulb of the penis perineal membrane and corpus cavernosum of the clitoris perineal membrane. expels semen during ejaculation . external Origin perineal body or central tendinous point of the perineum Insertion Action Innervation inferior rectal nerves from the pudendal nerve Artery inferior rectal a.Listed Alphabetically Muscle anal sphincter. compresses the spongy urethra deep branch of the perineal nerve from pudendal nerve deep branch of the perineal nerve from pudendal nerve perineal a. dorsal surface of the corpus spongiosum. deep penile fascia compresses the vestibular bulb and constricts the vaginal orifice compresses the bulb of the penis. perineal body in female and fascia of the bulb of the vestibule bulbospongiosus. internal encircles the anal encircles the anal canal canal constricts the anal canal parasympathetic fibers from S middle rectal a. the external anal sphincter is considered part of the pelvic diaphragm smooth muscle involuntary. bulbospongiosus.Muscles of the Pelvis and Perineum . which is skeletal muscle voluntary encircles the anal constricts the canal. as contrasted with sphincter ani internus. superficial anal canal fibers attach to the coccyx anal sphincter. expels the last drops of urine from urethra. as contrasted with sphincter ani externus. which is smooth involuntary muscle. skeletal muscle perineal a. Notes skeletal voluntary muscle. detruser of bladder iliococcygeus arcus tendineus levator ani and the ischial spine anococcygeal raphe and the coccyx inferior gluteal a. the combination of puborectalis. pubococcygeus and iliococcygeus is called the levator ani m. ischiocavernosus medial surface of the ischial tuberosity and the ischiopubic ramus corpus cavernosum and crus of the penis/clitoris compresses the deep branch of the corpus perineal nerve cavernosum from pudendal nerve elevates the pelvic floor branches of the ventral primary perineal a. deep transverse perineus medial surface of contralateral the ischial ramus muscle and perineal body/central tendinous point smooth muscle fascicles are in the wall of the arranged roughly urinary bladder in three layers fixes and deep branch of internal stabilizes the perineal nerve from pudendal perineal pudendal nerve a. levator ani posterior surface anococcygeal of the body of raphe and coccyx . body/central tendinous point compresses the parasympathetic urinary bladder nerve fibers from the pelvic splanchnic nerves SS spinal cord levels elevates the pelvic floor branches of the ventral primary rami of spinal nerves SS superior and inferior vesical aa.coccygeus ischial spine side of the coccyx elevates the and lower sacrum pelvic floor branches of the ventral primary rami of spinal nerves SS inferior gluteal a. coccygeus and levator ani combined form the pelvic diaphragm superficial and deep transverse perineus muscles are separated by the perineal membrane muscles in the neck of bladder must contract and cause the internal urethral orifice to open before the detruser muscle can void the bladder the combination of puborectalis. ischiocavernosus m. is closely applied to the surface of the crus penis/clitoris inferior gluteal a. ischial spine levator prostatae posterior aspect of the pubis fascia of the prostate elevates the prostate rami of spinal nerves SS pubococcygeus amp iliococcygeus is the levator ani m. superficial inferior rectal a. as contrasted . branches of the ventral primary rami of spinal nerves SS branches of the ventral primary rami of spinal nerves SS branches of the ventral primary rami of spinal nerves SS pubococcygeus posterior aspect of the superior pubic ramis coccyx elevates the pelvic floor inferior gluteal a. skeletal voluntary muscle. arcus tendineus levator ani. aids in voluntary retention of feces inferior gluteal a. pubococcygeus and iliococcygeus is called the levator ani m. fascia of the obturator internus m. puborectalis posterior aspect of the body of the pubis unites with the puborectalis m. the combination of puborectalis. pubovaginalis is part of the levator ani muscle sphincter ani externus perineal body or encircles the anal central tendinous canal. of other side posterior to the rectum draws the distal rectum forward and superiorly.the pubis. coccygeus and levator ani combined form the pelvic diaphragm inferior gluteal a. the combination of puborectalis. levator prostatae is part of the puborectalis m. pubovaginalis posterior aspect of the body of the pubis fascia of the vagina and perineal body draws the branches of the vagina forward ventral primary and superiorly rami of spinal nerves SS constricts the anal canal inferior rectal nerves from the inferior gluteal a.. pubococcygeus and iliococcygeus is called the levator ani m. point of the perineum fibers attach to the coccyx pudendal nerve with sphincter ani internus. skeletal muscle superficial transverse perineus medial surface of contralateral the ischial ramus muscle and the perineal body/central tendinous point fixes and deep branch of perineal a. encircles the in female urethra encircles urethra compresses and vagina. which is smooth involuntary muscle. compresses reaches lateral urethra surface of prostate and inferior bladder deep branch of internal perineal nerve from pudendal pudendal nerve a. which is skeletal muscle voluntary skeletal muscle sphincter ani internus encircles the anal encircles the anal canal canal constricts the anal canal parasympathetic fibers from S sphincter urethrae. the external anal sphincter is considered part of the pelvic diaphragm middle rectal a. stabilizes perineal nerve from perineal pudendal nerve body/central tendinous point superficial and deep transverse perineus muscles are separated by the perineal membrane . smooth muscle involuntary. sphincter urethrae. urethra and extends superiorly vagina along the urethra as far as the inferior surface of the bladder encircles urethra. encircles the in male urethra deep branch of internal perineal nerve from pudendal pudendal nerve a. as contrasted with sphincter ani externus. Notes abductor digiti minimi forms the lateral margin of the sole of the foot abductor hallucis forms the medial margin of the sole of the foot anterior and posterior divisions of the obturator nerve lie on the anterior and posterior surfaces of abductor hallucis medial plantar nerve medial plantar a.transverse perineus. deep nerve femoral a. adductor brevis inferior pubic ramus pectineal line and adducts. and linea aspera medially rotates the deep to the femur pectineus and adductor longus anterior division obturator of the obturator a. flexes.. deep medial surface of contralateral the ischial ramus muscle and perineal body/central tendinous point medial surface of contralateral the ischial ramus muscle and the perineal body/central tendinous point fixes and deep branch of internal stabilizes the perineal nerve from pudendal perineal pudendal nerve a. body/central tendinous point fixes and deep branch of perineal a. flexes the metatarsophalageal joint abducts the great toe.Listed Alphabetically Muscle abductor digiti minimi foot Origin medial and lateral sides of the tuberosity of the calcaneus medial side of the tuberosity of calcaneus Insertion lateral side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the th digit medial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the great toe hallux Action abducts the th toe. stabilizes perineal nerve from perineal pudendal nerve body/central tendinous point superficial and deep transverse perineus muscles are separated by the perineal membrane superficial and deep transverse perineus muscles are separated by the perineal membrane transverse perineus. flexes the metatarsophalageal joint Innervation lateral plantar nerve Artery lateral plantar a. . superficial Muscles of the Lower Limb . flexes. so it is innervated by the tibial nerve adductor minimus m.. medial posterior femoral division of the circumflex obturator nerve a. the ischiocondylar part inserts on the adductor tubercle of the femur anterior division obturator of the obturator a. posterior division of the obturator nerve.mm. medial femoral circumflex a. adductor hallucis oblique head bases of metatarsals ...toward the nd digit adducts. the most anterior of the adductor group of muscles the ischiocondylar part of adductor magnus is a hamstring muscle by embryonic origin and action. femoral nerve descending articularis genu is genicular a. biceps femoris long head tibial perforating one of the quothamstringquot . and medially rotates the femur adducts.. tibial nerve ischiocondylar part obturator a. deep femoral a.. obturator a. flexes. and medially rotates the femur. deep nerve femoral a. i. is the uppermost fibers of the adductor magnus m. transverse head heads of metatarsals medial portion of the superior pubic ramus ischiopubic ramus and ischial tuberosity lateral side of base of the proximal phalanx of the great toe adducts the great toe moves it toward midline of the foot.e. adductor magnus gluteal ridge and lower portion of upper part of the adducts and laterally adductor minimus the inferior linea aspera of rotates the femur pubic ramus the femur articularis genu anterior surface articular capsule of the femur of the knee above the patellar surface long head head of fibula elevates the articular capsule of the knee joint extends the thigh. formed by muscle fascicles deep to the vastus intermedius m. extends the femur ischiocondylar part deep branch of the lateral plantar nerve adductor brevis plantar the plantar arterial arterial arch arch passes superior to the oblique head of adductor hallucis adductor longus linea aspera of the femur linea aspera of the femur. deep femoral a. lateral side flexes the leg nerve. remember DAB Dorsal interossei ABduct and PAD Plantar interossei ADduct. anterior surface of the fibula. short condyle of the head lateral lip tibia of the linea aspera dorsal interosseous shafts of foot adjacent metatarsal bones bases of the proximal phalanges for digit both sides amp digits . flex the metatarsophalangeal joints and extend the interphalangeal joints of those digits extensor digitorum superolateral brevis surface of the calcaneus extensor extends toes expansion of toes deep fibular dorsalis peroneal nerve pedis a. short branches of muscles head common the deep fibular femoral a. one of the muscles involved in anterior compartment syndrome extensor digitorum lateral condyle longus of the tibia. the part of the extensor digitorum brevis that goes to the great toe is called the extensor hallucis brevis m. four in number. then logic can tell you where these muscles insert abduct digits move these digits away from midline as defined by a plane passing through the nd digit.ischial and lateral tuberosity. . lateral portion of the interosseous membrane dorsum of the lateral toes via extensor expansions central slip inserts on base of middle phalanx. lateral slips on extends the metatarsophalangeal. proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints of the lateral toes deep fibular anterior peroneal nerve tibial a. peroneal nerve deep branch of the lateral plantar nerve dorsal metatarsal aa. one of the muscles involved in anterior compartment syndrome extensor hallucis longus deep fibular anterior peroneal nerve tibial a. fibularis distal part of the dorsum of the deep fibular anterior fibularis tertius is in . fibularis peroneus brevis lower one third tuberosity of the of the lateral base of the th surface of the metatarsal fibula upper two/thirds of the lateral surface of the fibula extends plantar flexes and everts the foot superficial fibular fibular peroneal peroneal nerve a. stress fracture of the base of the th metatarsal bone is a common runners injury fibularis longus lies superficial to the fibularis brevis m. it inserts on the medial cuneiform and the base of the st metatarsal bone everts the foot superficial fibular fibular peroneal peroneal nerve a.base of distal phalanx extensor hallucis brevis superolateral surface of the calcaneus middle half of the anterior surface of the fibula and the interosseous membrane dorsum of base of extends the great toe proximal phalanx of the great toe base of the distal extends the phalanx of the metatarsophalangeal great toe interphalangeal joints of the great toe deep fibular dorsalis peroneal nerve pedis a. in the lateral compartment of the leg fibularis peroneus longus after crossing the extends plantar plantar surface of flexes and everts the the foot deep to foot the intrinsic muscles. usually considered to be the medialmost part of the extensor digitorum brevis m. intermuscular septae middle half of the posterior surface of the tibia base of the middle phalanx of digits after splitting to allow passage of the flexor digitorum longus tendons flexes the metatarsophalangeal amp proximal interphalangeal joints of digits lateral plantar nerve lateral plantar a.peroneus tertius anterior surface shaft of the th of the fibula metatarsal bone peroneal nerve tibial a. lateral cuneiform. digits proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints of digits . of the arm each tendon of insertion contains a sesamoid bone flexor digitorum longus bases of the distal flexes the tibial nerve phalanges of metatarsophalangeal. medial side of the first metatarsal medial plantar a. plantar flexes the foot medial belly flexes the medial side of metatarsophalangeal proximal phalanx joint of the great toe of the great toe. of the arm tibial a. . plantar aponeurosis. not the lateral compartment which contains fibularis longus and brevis none flexor digiti minimi brevis foot flexor digitorum brevis base of th lateral side of flexes the metatarsal bone base of proximal metatarsophalangeal phalanx of th joint of the th digit digit tuberosity of the calcaneus. the anterior compartment of the leg. flexor digitorum longus in the leg is equivalent to the flexor digitorum profundus m. medial plantar nerve medial and flexor digitorum lateral brevis in the foot is plantar aa. lateral belly medial plantar nerve lateral belly occasionally receives flexor hallucis brevis cuboid. equivalent to the flexor digitorum superficialis m. inferior gluteal a. plantar calcaneus via the flexes foot calcaneal Achilles tendon sural aa. flexor hallucis longus is very important in the quotpush offquot part of the normal gait gastrocnemius femur. nerve to the obturator internus m. superior ischial spine gluteus maximus posterior gluteal line.. laterally rotates the lowermost fibers femur gluteal tuberosity of the femur nerve to the quadratus femoris m. inferior obturator internus laterally rotates the tendon femur obturator internus laterally rotates the tendon femur upper fibers extends the thigh. inferior gluteal a. posterior tibial a.lateral side of the proximal phalanx of the great toe flexor hallucis longus lower / of the base of the distal posterior phalanx of the surface of the great toe fibula innervation from the lateral plantar nerve flexes the tibial nerve metatarsophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints of the great toe. plantar flexes the foot tibial nerve fibular peroneal a. posterior surface of sacrum and coccyx. and tibial a. lateral head above the lateral femoral condyle ischial tuberosity dorsum of the flexes leg. injection . iliotibial tract. medial head above the medial femoral condyle. inferior gluteal nerve gemellus is a Latin word that means quotlittle twinquot gemellus is a Latin word that means quotlittle twinquot gemellus. sacrotuberous superior gluteus maximus is a and inferior site of intramuscular gluteal aa. from the popliteal a. the calcaneal tendon of the gastrocnemius and soleus is the thickest and strongest tendon in the body gemellus. flexes the leg lesser trochanter of the femur anterior division obturator a. the angle at which the gluteus medius tendon approaches the greater trochanter of the femur is anterior to the axis of rotation of the thigh. if the femoral nerve thigh is fixed it flexes the pelvis on the thigh iliopsoas lesser trochanter of the femur flexes the thigh. via the iliopsoas tendon a combination of the iliacus and psoas iliacus flexes the thigh. sartorius. . of the ilium of the femur medially rotates the between the thigh anterior and inferior gluteal lines superior gluteal superior nerve gluteal a. iliolumbar a. and semitendinosus mm. of the ilium of the femur medially rotates the between the thigh posterior and anterior gluteal lines superior gluteal superior nerve gluteal a. gracilis pubic symphysis and the inferior pubic ramus iliac fossa and iliac crest. bodies and medial surface of adducts the thigh. the pes anserinus is of the obturator the common insertion nerve of the gracilis. flexes branches of the iliolumbar and laterally bends the ventral primary a.ligament gluteus medius external surface greater trochanter abducts the femur. inserts in company with the psoas major m. the tibia via pes flexes and medially anserinus rotates the thigh. resulting in medial rotation gluteus minimus external surface greater trochanter abducts the femur. ala of sacrum iliac fossa. resulting in medial rotation the angle at which the gluteus minimus tendon approaches the greater trochanter of the femur is anterior to the axis of rotation of the thigh. dorsal metatarsal aa. major mm. and logic will tell you where these muscles must insert lumbricals foot tendons of the flexor medial side of the flex the extensor metatarsophalangeal medial and the lumbricals of the lateral foot have the same . remember DAB Dorsal interossei ABduct and PAD Plantar interossei ADduct. obturator internus laterally rotates the tendon femur bases of the proximal phalanges for digit both sides amp digits . dorsal foot interosseous. flex the metatarsophalangeal joints and extend the interphalangeal joints of those digits gemellus is a Latin word that means quotlittle twinquot four in number. then logic can tell you where these muscles insert interosseous. plantar base and medial bases of proximal side of phalanges and metatarsals extensor expansions of digits adduct digits deep branch of move these digits the lateral toward the midline of plantar nerve the foot as defined by a plane through the second digit. branches of the femoral nerve nerve to the quadratus femoris m.transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae inferior gemellus ischial tuberosity shafts of adjacent metatarsal bones lumbar vertebral column rami of spinal nerves LL. lateral side abduct digits move these digits away from midline as defined by a plane passing through the nd digit. deep branch of the lateral plantar nerve inferior gluteal a. flex the metacarpophalangeal and extend interphalangeal joints of digits medial st lumbrical plantar metatarsal aa. remember PAD Plantar interossei ADduct and DAB Dorsal interossei ABduct. . the obturator internus m. lateral three lumbricals lateral plantar nerve plantar aa. flexes. the tendon of the obturator externus m. extend the proximal interphalangeal amp distal interphalangeal joints of digits medial plantar nerve. leaves the pelvis by passing through the lesser sciatic foramen.digitorum longus expansion of digits joint. pectineus often has a dual innervation pectineus pectineal line of the femur adducts. action on the toes that the lumbricals in the hand have on the fingers obturator externus the external trochanteric fossa laterally rotates the surface of the of the femur thigh obturator membrane and the superior and inferior pubic rami obturator internus the internal surface of the obturator membrane and margin of the obturator foramen pecten of the pubis greater trochanter laterally rotates and on its medial abducts the thigh surface above the trochanteric fossa obturator nerve obturator a. passes inferior to the neck of the femur to reach its insertion site nerve to the obturator internus m. the superior and inferior gemellus mm. and medially rotates the thigh femoral nerve and possibly the anterior division of the obturator nerve peroneus mm. obturator a. SEE fibularis mm. insert on the obturator internus tendon medial femoral circumflex a. peroneus is the old terminology used for the fibularis mm. remember PAD Plantar interossei ADduct and DAB Dorsal interossei ABduct.piriformis anterior surface upper border of laterally rotates and of sacrum greater trochanter abducts thigh of femur base and medial bases of proximal side of phalanges and metatarsals extensor expansions of digits ventral rami of SS piriformis leaves the pelvis by passing through the greater sciatic foramen plantar metatarsal aa. popliteus unlocks the knee joint to initiate flexion of popliteus lateral condyle of the femur posterior surface flexes and rotates the tibial nerve of the tibia above leg medially with the soleal line foot planted. plantaris has a long slender tendon that is equivalent to the tendon of the palmaris longus m. and logic will tell you where these muscles must insert plantar interosseous adduct digits deep branch of move these digits the lateral toward the midline of plantar nerve the foot as defined by a plane through the second digit. has a round tendon of origin. flex the metacarpophalangeal and extend interphalangeal joints of digits tibial nerve plantaris above the lateral femoral condyle above the lateral head of gastrocnemius dorsum of the flexes the leg. its tendon is often called the quotfreshman nervequot because it is often misidentified by the freshman medical student popliteal a. plantar calcaneus medial flexes the foot to the calcaneal tendon popliteal a. of the arm. it rotates the thigh laterally . flexes amp laterally bends the lumbar vertebral column branches of the subcostal ventral primary a. vastus quadratus plantae assists the flexor digitorum longus in flexing the toes lateral plantar nerve lateral plantar a.the leg psoas major bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae bodies of the T amp L vertebrae lesser trochanter of femur with iliacus via iliopsoas tendon flexes the thigh. quadriceps femoris anterior surface tibial tuberosity of the femur via the patellar and the anterior ligament side of the extends the knee. changes the line of force of the flexor digitorum longus m. the nerve to the quadratus femoris m. deep . rectus femoris flexes the thigh femoral nerve lateral circumflex femoral a. the quadratus plantae m. plantar ligament nerve to the quadratus femoris m. also innervates the inferior gemellus m.. vastus lateralis.. inferior gluteal a. ventral primary rams of spinal nerves LL the genitofemoral nerve pierces the anterior surface of the psoas major m. absent in of cases psoas minor iliopubic flexes amp laterally eminence at the bends the lumbar line of junction of vertebral column the ilium and the superior pubic ramus laterally rotates the thigh quadratus femoris lateral border of quadrate line of the ischial the femur below tuberosity the intertrochanteric crest anterior portion tendons of the of the calcaneus flexor digitorum and the long longus m. nerves LL branches of the lumbar aa. lumbar rami of spinal aa. to bring it in line with the long axis of the foot composed of muscles rectus femoris. medial and lateral intermuscular septa rectus femoris straight head anterior inferior iliac spine. intermedius and vastus medialis lateral circumflex femoral a. medial surface of ischial tuberosity common tendon with biceps femoris m. abducts and the tibia pes laterally rotates the anserinus thigh. rectus femoris is part of the quadriceps femoris muscle sartorius medial surface of flexes. reflected head above the superior rim of the acetabulum anterior superior iliac spine patella and tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament extends the leg. perforating branches of the deep femoral a. pes anserinus is the common insertion for the gracilis. its actions put the lower limb in the traditional crosslegged seated position of a tailor semimembranosus upper. saphenous a. outer surface of the ischial tuberosity semitendinosus lower. tibia via pes flexes the leg anserinus tibial nerve . flexes the leg tibial nerve perforating one of the quothamstringquot branches of muscles the deep femoral a.. sartorius means quottailorquot. medial condyle of the tibia extends the thigh. flexes leg femoral nerve lateral femoral circumflex a. flexes femoral nerve the thigh femoral a. sartorius. and semitendinosus mm. medial surface of extends the thigh. soleus. and tibial a. gastrocnemius. are sometimes called the triceps surae muscle superior gemellus obturator internus laterally rotates the tendon femur iliotibial tract flexes. metatarsals plantar flexes the foot. inferior gluteal a. and plantaris mm. tibial nerve inverts the foot fibular peroneal a. anterior superior iliac spine tibialis anterior lateral tibial condyle and the upper lateral surface of the tibia superior gluteal superior nerve gluteal a. medial surface of dorsiflexes and inverts deep fibular anterior the medial the foot peroneal nerve tibial a. . and medially rotates the thigh nerve to the obturator internus m. tensor fasciae latae anterior part of the iliac crest. abducts. posterolateral surface of the tibia tuberosity of the navicular and medial cuneiform. cuneiform and the st metatarsal tibialis posterior interosseous membrane. acts as both an antagonist dorsiflexion/plantar flexion and a synergist inversion of the tibialis anterior m. posteromedial surface of the fibula. acts as both an antagonist dorsiflexion/plantar flexion and a synergist inversion of the tibialis posterior m.soleus posterior surface of head and upper shaft of the fibula. gemellus is a Latin word that means quotlittle twinquot tensor fascia latae redirects the rotational forces of the gluteus maximus m. soleal line of the tibia ischial spine dorsum of the plantar flexes the foot tibial nerve calcaneus via the calcaneal Achilles tendon posterior tibial a. vastus intermedius is part of the quadriceps femoris muscle patella and medial patellar retinaculum extends leg femoral nerve lateral vastus lateralis is part femoral of the quadriceps circumflex femoris muscle a.vastus intermedius anterior and lateral surface of the femur vastus lateralis lateral intermuscular septum.. perforating branches of the deep femoral a. lateral femoral circumflex a. lateral lip of the linea aspera and the gluteal tuberosity patella extends the leg femoral nerve lateral femoral circumflex a. medial retinaculum lip of the linea aspera extends leg femoral nerve . vastus medialis is part of the quadriceps femoris muscle vastus medialis medial patella and intermuscular medial patellar septum.