Download Year 1: Terminology Taught • Letter • Capital letter • Word • Singular

Year 1: Terminology Taught
Year 2: Terminology Taught
• Letter
• Noun
• Capital letter
• Noun phrase
• Word
• Statement
• Singular
• Question
• Plural
• Exclamation
• Sentence
• Command
• Punctuation
• Compound
• Full stop
• Suffix
• Question mark
• Adjective
• Exclamation mark
• Adverb
• Verb
• Tense (past,
present)
• Apostrophe
• Comma
Singular: One of something e.g. I have a cat. Please put it on the table over there.
Plural: More than one e.g. My friend has two cats.
I saw three foxes in the garden last night. There are lots of children at our school.
Sentence: A sentence is a group of words which are grammatically connected to each
other but not to any words outside the sentence. Simply put, a sentence makes sense! e.g.
John went to his friend’s house yesterday. I like eating chocolate.
Punctuation: Punctuation shows where sentences begin and end. It gives the reader
clues about how to read a text with expression. Punctuation used in Year 1 is listed above.
Noun: A noun is a name for a person, thing, or place. In year 2, we teach the children
about common nouns and proper nouns e.g. This is my bag. I like cats and dogs.
(common nouns) I live in Bury St Edmunds. My sister is called Jane. (proper nouns - the
names of people and places) The easiest way to identify nouns is that they are used after
the, a or an.
Noun Phrase: Noun phrases are groups of words that work together and contain a noun.
e.g. I can see a beautiful butterfly. The little boy is frightened. The tall girl over there has
brown hair.
Statement: e.g. Last year I went on holiday to Spain. The goldfish is orange. It’s time for
lunch.
Question: e.g. When can we go out to play? Is it tea time yet? Can I go to the toilet?
Exclamation: e.g. Oh my goodness! I’m so excited! I couldn’t believe it!
Command: e.g. Put that down. Take your coat off. Brush your teeth. Go to sleep.
Compound: A compound word is made from two ‘root’ words e.g. carpark, sunshine, football, bookshop, blackbird.
Suffix: A suffix is an ‘ending’, used at the end of one word to turn it into another word.
Suffixes taught in year 2 are –ness, -er, -ed, -ful, -ly, -est e.g. teach becomes teacher, call
becomes called, ill becomes illness, beauty becomes beautiful , tall becomes tallest, sad
becomes sadly.
Adjective: Adjectives describe somebody or something, adding extra information to a
noun or completing a verb. The easiest way to identify adjectives is by the ways they can
be used: before a noun, to make the noun’s meaning more specific (i.e. to modify the
noun), or after the verb ‘be’, as its complement. e.g. The pupils did some really good
work. Their work was good. The children were noisy yesterday. I read a book about a
scary giant. Cinderella is a kind girl. The room was dark and cold.
Adverb: The easiest way to identify adverbs is by the ways they can be used: they can
modify a verb, an adjective, another adverb or even a whole clause. They give added
meaning to verbs. Some adverbs end in the suffix ‘ly’. e.g. The boy stamped his foot
angrily. I brushed my hair quickly this morning. The match was really exciting! We don’t
have picnics very often. My dad was snoring loudly.
Verb: The easiest way to identify verbs is by the ways they can be used: they usually
have a tense, either present or past. Sometimes, we think of verbs as being action or
‘doing’ words. They show what someone or something is, has or does. e.g. I jumped
into the swimming pool. My brother likes chocolate. I skipped to school this morning.
My dad was snoring loudly last night. I have been working hard at school.
Tense (Past) I read a book. He walked to school. She brushed her teeth. Notice how
the verb changes for the past tense. The verbs are read, walked and brushed.
Tense (Present) I am reading a book. He is walking to school. She is brushing her
teeth. Notice how the verb changes for the past tense. The verbs are am reading, is
walking and is brushing (they are verb phrases)
Apostrophe: Apostrophes have two completely different uses: showing the place of
missing letters (e.g. I’m for I am) and for marking possessives (e.g. Hannah’s mother).
Missing letters: I am becomes I’m
She is becomes she’s
We are becomes we’re
We will becomes we’ll
I will becomes I’ll
etc.
Possession: Rose’s doll means the doll belonging to Rose.
The children’s books means the books belonging to the children.
Comma: A comma shows the reader where to pause when they read a sentence. In
year 2, we teach commas in a list e.g. I ate ham sandwiches, crisps and an apple. Mix
the eggs, flour and sugar. The princess is clever, pretty and funny.