Download What is the skeletal system? All the bones in the body All the

1. What is the skeletal system?
a. All the bones in the body
b. All the muscles and tendons
c. All the body's organs, both soft and hard tissue
d. All the bones in the body and the tissues that connect them
2. How many bones are there in the average person's body?
a. 33
b. 206
c.
639
d. It varies by the individual.
3. Which of the following statement is INCORRECT?
a. Bone is where most blood cells are made.
b. Bone serves as a storehouse for various minerals.
c. Bone is a dry and non-living supporting structure.
d. Bone protects and supports the body and its organs.
4. Which bone protects the brain?
a. Calcium
b. The cranium
c.
The cerebrum
d. The cerebellum
5. Besides the brain, the skull also protects ...
a.
the lungs
b. the diaphragm
c. the body's cells
d. the sense organs
6. The purpose of the rib cage is to...
a.
protect the stomach
b.
protect the spinal cord
c.
protect the heart and lungs
d.
provide an object to which the lungs can attach
7. What makes bones so strong?
a. Silica
b.
Cartilage
c.
Blood and marrow
d. Calcium and phosphorous
8. What is the difference between cartilage and bone?
a.
Bone is rubbery, and cartilage is firm.
b. Cartilage is rubbery, and bone is firm.
c.
Bone is a more primitive tissue than cartilage.
d. Bone is inside the body, and cartilage is outside.
9. The hollow space in the middle of bones is filled with ...
a.
air
b.
blood
c.
bone cells
d. bone marrow
10. What is the difference between compact bone and spongy bone?
a. They have different bone marrow.
b. They are made of different materials.
c. They have different sizes of bone cells.
d. They have different arrangement of bone cells.
11. What is a joint?
a. A hinge
d.
b.
A ball and socket
c.
The place where two bones are joined
The place where tendons are fastened together
12. Muscles are made of ...
a.
silica
b. polyester threads
c.
calcium and phosphorous
d. groups of cells called fibres
13. How do muscles attached to the bones move the body?
a. automatically
b.
pull movement only
c. push movement only
d. push and pull movement
14. What is the function of a tendon?
a. To link bones to bones
b. To link muscles to bones
c. To link muscles to ligaments
d. To bind the cells in compact bone closer together
15.
Which of the following statements is true concerning human blood?
a)
The blood of all normal humans contains red and white cells, platelets,
and plasma.
b)
Some human populations normally lack the ability to produce plasma.
c)
Proteins are not normal components of human blood.
16. .
a)
b)
c)
Erythrocyte is another name for a:
red cell
white cell
platelet
17.
18 .
Which of the following blood components provide the major defense for our
bodies against invading bacteria and viruses?
a)
red cells
b)
white cells
c)
platelets
The relatively clear liquid medium which carries the other cells of blood is called:
a)
b)
c)
lipid
antibody
plasma
19. Which of the following are likely to increase in quantities when the body is under attack
from bacteria?
a)
erythrocytes
b)
leukocytes
c)
thrombocytes
20.
When blood clumps or forms visible islands in the still liquid plasma, it is called:
a)
clotting
b)
agglutination
c)
none of the above
21.
Antigens are:
a)
found on the surface of red cells
b)
kinds of red cells that identify a blood type
c)
relatively large carbohydrate molecules
d)
a and b
22.
Which of the following statements is true of antigen-antibody interactions?
a)
They are used by our bodies only to identify blood types.
b)
They are used to identify and reject microorganisms, such as viruses and
bacteria, that invade our bodies.
c)
They are the way our blood clots when we are bleeding from an open wound.
d)
b and c
23.
Most of the volume of normal human blood is composed of:
a)
red cells
b)
hemoglobin
c)
plasma
d)
white cells
24.. The lining of the inner walls of the heart’s chambers is termed the:
a. visceral pericardium
b. serous pericardium
c. epicardium
d. myocardium
e. endocardium
25. The outermost layer of the heart’s serous pericardium is termed the:
a. visceral pericardium
b. parietal pericardium
c. epicardium
d. myocardium
e. endocardium
26. The heart’s natural pacemaker is termed the:
a. sinoatrial node
b. atrioventricular node
c. bundle of His/atrioventricular bundle
d. left and right bundle branches
e. Purkinje fibers
27. The heart’s electrical conduction network found within the ventricular myocardium is
termed the:
a. sinoatrial node
b. atrioventricular node
c. bundle of His/atrioventricular bundle
d. left and right bundle branches
e. Purkinje fibers
28. If the heart’s natural pacemaker fails to fire, then:
a. no blood would enter the atria
b. no blood would enter the ventricles
c. the node on the floor of the right atrium would act as a secondary pacemaker
d. the node on the floor of the left ventricle would act as a secondary pacemaker
e. the person would die within minutes
29. Which tunic of an artery contains endothelium?
a. tunica interna/intima
b. tunica media
c. tunica externa
d. tunica adventitia
30. The exchange of gases and nutrients between blood and tissues is a major function of:
a. arterioles
b. arteries
c. capillaries
d. veins
31. Which of the following statements best describes arteries?
a. all arteries carry oxygenated blood towards the heart
b. all arteries contain valves to prevent the back-flow of blood
c. all arteries carry blood away from the heart
d. only large arteries are lined with endothelium
32. The circulatory pathway that carries blood from the digestive tract towards the liver is
termed the:
a. coronary circuit
b. cerebral circuit
c. hepatic portal circuit
d. pulmonary circuit
33. Immediately following strenuous and vigorous exercise, which of the following is most likely
to occur?
a. blood will be rapidly diverted to the digestive organs
b. the skin will be cold and clammy
c. capillaries of the active muscles will be engorged with blood
d. blood flow to the kidneys quickly increases
34. Which of these is the job of the respiratory system?
A. Gas exchange between the external environment and the body' s circulatory system.
B.Breaking down food for it to be used by the body.
C. Holding up the body and giving it support and shape.
35.. The two major organs of the respiratory system where the gas exchange takes place and
carbon dioxide is given off and oxygen taken in.
A. Kidneys
B. Lungs
C. Intestines
36. Small air sacs in the lungs where many capillaries exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen taken
into the body.
A.Bronchi
B.Alveoli
C. Trachea
37 . The windpipe
A. Larynx
B. Adenoid
C. Trachea
38. Small spaces in the skull thought to regulate the temperature and humidity of the air taken
in to the body.
A. Alveoli
B. Tonsils
C. Sinuses
39. Lymph tissue and lymph nodes that protect the body from infection
A. Adenoids and tonsils
B. Alveoli and sinuses
C. Bronchi and trachea
40. This tube carries air down to the windpipe.
A. Larynx
B. Sinuses
C. Pharynx
41. The voicebox
A. Pharynx
B. Trachea
C. Larynx
42. A flap over the trachea that keeps out food and anything else that could clog the trachea.
A. Epiglottis
B. Larynx
C. Pharynx
43. These carry air into the lungs.
A. Bronchi and bronchiole tubes
B. Alveoli
C. Sinuses
44. A large muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity and helps with
breathing.
A. Larynx
B. Trachea
C. Diaphragm
45. A muscle fascicle is a bundle of:
a) myofibrils
b) fibers
c) filaments
d) fascia
46. The connective tissue wrapping around a muscle that is continuous with tendons is the:
a) perimysium
b) endomysium
c) epimysium
d) sarcolemma
47. Which of the following is NOT a major function of muscle tissue:
a) produce body heat
b) body movements
c) controlling volume of hollow organs
d) storage of neurotransmitters
48. What is the smallest unit of contraction in muscle fibers:
a) sarcomere
b) sarcolemma
c) sarcoplasm
d) sarcofilament
49. In muscle tissue, neurotransmitter receptors are located:
a) in synaptic vesicles
b) in the synaptic cleft
c) on the motor neuron axon terminals
d) on the motor end plate
50. Acetylcholinesterase:
a) produces acetylcholine
b) is the acetylcholine receptor in muscle tissue
c) binds to the acetylcholine receptor in muscle tissue
d) degrades acetylcholine
1. Which of the following statements about living cells is false?
a) Most are microscopic
b) They are found in all animals but not in all plants.
c) They are the smallest basic units that can carry out all of the functions that we normally
define as life.
2. Chromosomes are found in _____________________ of cells.
a) the nucleus
b) the cytoplasm
c) both the nucleus and the cytoplasm
3. Which of the following statements is true about the chromosomes of different plant and animal
species?
a) They may differ in number, but are the same shape and size.
b) They may differ in the shape and size, but normally have the same number.
c) They may differ in number, shape, and size.
4. Which of the following statements is true about cells?
a) The nucleus is within the cell membrane which is surrounded by the nuclear membrane.
b) The nucleus is within the nuclear membrane which is surrounded by the cytoplasm.
c) The cytoplasm is within the nuclear membrane.
5. A karyotype is a.
a) general term for any type of chromosome
b) type of abnormal chromosome that is associated with Down's syndrome
c) picture of an individual's chromosomes arranged in a standardized way
6. The sex chromosomes of normal females are.
a) X and Y
b) Y and Y
c) X and X
d) none of the above
7. The genes on the sex chromosomes of females are ___________ and those of males are mostly
___________ .
a) homologous; homologous
b) homologous; hemizygous
c) hemizygous; hemizygous
8. Autosomes:
a) are all chromosomes other than the sex chromosomes
b) are normal sex chromosomes
c) automatically determine the sex of children
9. Normal humans have __________ pairs of autosomes and ___________ pair(s) of sex
chromosomes.
a) 23 and 23
b) 23 and 2
c) 46 and 1
d) 22 and 1
10. All of the chromosomes in each normal human cell collectively have approximately __________
genes.
a) 10,000-15,000
b) 20,000-25,000
c) 242,000
d) 1,000,000
11. A chromatid is:
a) One of the strands or arms of a chromosome
b) The point of attachment of two strands of a chromosome
c) A chromosome before it becomes visible during cell division
12. The development of masculine physical characteristics is most affected by the inheritance of:
a) AN X chromosome
b) a karyotype
c) The SRY gene
13 Somatic cells reproduce by ______________ , while sex cells reproduce by ______________ .
a) Meiosis; mitosis
b) Mitosis; mitosis
c) Mitosis; meiosis
d) Meiosis; meiosis
14. Which of the following statements about human reproduction is true?
a) Mitosis in males is also known as spermatogenesis.
b) Sperm and ova are zygotes.
c) Oögenesis takes place in the ovaries of females
15. Which of the following statements is true about mitosis in humans?
a) All cells of the body go through mitosis more or less constantly from conception until death.
b) Each cell undergoing mitosis divides into two complete new cells that are usually identical
to the cell from
which they originated.
c) It takes roughly two weeks for a cell to go through all six phases of mitosis.
16. Which of the following statements is true about meiosis in humans?
a) Sperm and ova are not identical to the parent cells that produced them.
b) Females produce far more gametes than do males.
c) The process begins in males and females at puberty.
17. Oöcytes are.
a) ova that have not yet completed the oögenesis process
b) the locations on chromosomes where ova are produced
c) the male equivalent of ova
18. Which of the following statements is true in humans?
a) Mitosis produces cells that have a haploid number of chromosomes.
b) Meiosis produces cells that have a diploid number of chromosomes.
c) Meiosis produces cells that have a haploid number of chromosomes.
19. Human gametes normally have _____ chromosomes.
a) 23
b) 46
c) a diploid number of
20 . As a result of "fertilization", which of the following normally occur?
a) A gamete is created.
b) A single sperm and ovum combine their genetic material to create an offspring with the
same number
of chromosomes as the parents.
c) The final phase of spermatogenesis is begun.
1 Epithelial tissue is characterized by each of these traits, except that ____________.
A)
it lacks blood vessels
B)
it functions in secretion, absorption, and excretion
C)
epithelial cells are loosely packed and have much intercellular material
D)
it is anchored to a basement membrane
2Microvilli, which function to increase surface area, are more likely to be found in ____________
epithelium.
A)
simple cuboidal
B)
simple squamous
C)
transitional
D)
simple columnar
3Epithelium that appears layered due to the varying levels at which nuclei are found in cells, but in
reality is not layered, is _________________.
A)
transitional epithelium
B)
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
C)
stratified squamous epithelium
D)
stratified columnar epithelium
4The outer layer of the skin is composed of ______________________.
A)
transitional epithelium
B)
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
C)
stratified squamous epithelium
D)
stratified columnar epithelium
5The primary purpose of stratification, or layering, in epithelial tissue is for increased _____________.
A)
protection
B)
secretion
C)
absorption
D)
thickening of the basement membrane
6What type of epithelium lines the urinary bladder and is capable of distention?
A)
stratified cuboidal epithelium
B)
stratified squamous epithelium
C)
transitional epithelium
D)
stratified columnar epithelium
7An exocrine gland that loses small parts of its cell bodies during secretion, as is the case for the
mammary gland, is further classified as a(n) ____________ gland.
A)
merocrine
B)
apocrine
C)
holocrine
D)
endocrine
8Connective tissues are somewhat similar to epithelial tissues in all of these characteristics except
___________________.
A)
they have abundant intercellular material
B)
they can usually reproduce themselves
C)
they often serve more than one function
D)
they occur throughout the body
9What function do fibroblasts serve in connective tissue?
A)
carry on phagocytosis
B)
secrete heparin that prevents blood clotting
C)
secrete proteins that become fibers in the connective tissue matrix
D)
release histamine associated with allergies and inflammation
10Connective tissue fibers that have great tensile strength and can be found in ligaments and tendons
are _________________.
A)
elastic fibers
B)
collagenous fibers
C)
reticular fibers
D)
yellow fibers
11The type of cartilage found in intervertebral disks of the vertebral column is ________________.
A)
hyaline cartilage
B)
elastic cartilage
C)
yellow cartilage
D)
fibrocartilage
12Choosing from the following list of connective tissues, which one consists of cells in a fluid matrix?
A)
loose connective tissue
B)
adipose tissue
C)
bone
D)
blood
13Select the correct statement about bone.
A)
Bone stores, but does not release, inorganic salts.
B)
Bone cells (osteocytes) are dead in mature bone.
C)
Bone is a very metabolically active tissue.
D)
Elderly people cannot rebuild bone.
14Which muscle tissue is multinucleate, voluntary, and bears striations?
A)
skeletal muscle
B)
smooth muscle
C)
multiunit smooth muscle
D)
cardiac muscle
15Neuroglial cells help neurons in each of these ways, with the exception of _______________.
A)
supporting and binding nervous tissue
B)
carrying on phagocytosis
C)
playing a role in cell-to-cell communications
D)
transmitting nervous impulses
16Which of the following is not one of the four major types of tissues?
A)
epithelial
B)
connective
C)
nervous
D)
skeletal muscle
17The only major type of tissue specialized for movement is the _____ tissue.
A)
nervous
B)
cardiac muscle
C)
muscle
D)
connective
18The cells lining blood vessels and the lung alveoli are classed as _____ epithelium.
A)
columnar
B)
stratified squamous
C)
simple squamous
D)
cuboidal
19The kidney tubules are lined with _____ epithelial cells.
A)
columnar
B)
cuboidal
C)
squamous
D)
ciliated
20The cells that directly and specifically secrete mucus are called _____ cells.
A)
epithelial
B)
endocrine
C)
exocrine
D)
goblet
21The term _____ refers to the fact that an epithelial tissue has only one layer of cells.
A)
stratified
B)
cuboidal
C)
simple
D)
pseudostratified
22One of the main functions associated with simple squamous epithelium is _____.
A)
diffusion
B)
active transport
C)
secretion
D)
absorption
23What type of tissue is found on the surface of the ovaries?
A)
simple squamous
B)
simple columnar
C)
simple cuboidal
D)
stratified epithelium
24The lining of the vagina is covered with _____ cells.
A)
mucus, columnar
B)
pseudostratified epithelium
C)
stratified cuboidal
D)
stratified squamous
25
Connective tissue is complex because it has a variety of cells and a noncellular background
called a_____ surrounding them.
26
A)
collagen
B)
elastin
C)
mucous secretion
D)
matrix
Which of these is not a connective tissue?
27
A)
blood
B)
bone
C)
muscle
D)
cartilage
What type of tissue holds most organs together?
A)
adipose
B)
muscular
C)
dense connective
D)
loose connective
3. What part of the cell serves as the intracellular highway?
endoplasmic reticulum
golgi apparatus
cell membrane
mitochondria
4. Which of the following would you NOT find in a bacterial cell?
DNA
cell membrane
golgi apparatus
ribosomes
5. Which of the following is found in plant cells, but not animal cells?
cell wall
vacuole
mitochondria
endoplasmic reticulum