Download physics 150: test 1 study sheet

PHYSICS 201: TEST 1 STUDY SHEET
You should know how to do the following:
1. Convert a quantity from one set of units to another set of units.
2. Convert a 2-D vector from rectangular form (components) to polar form (magnitude and angle), or from polar
form to rectangular form.
3. Add or subtract two or more vectors.
4. Find the average velocities and average accelerations of a particle moving in 1-D given its position at various
times. [Worksheet]
5. . Know what the sign of an object’s velocity tells you. Know how to interpret the sign of an object’s
acceleration in relation to its velocity, i.e. determine if the object is speeding up or slowing down.
6. Sketch the remaining motion graphs of an object moving in 1-D given either its position, velocity, or
acceleration plot. [Worksheet] Analyze a position or velocity motion graph and be able to describe the object’s
motion by answering the following questions. In which direction is the object traveling? Does the object ever
stop? Does the object change its direction of motion? Is the object speeding up or slowing down?
7. Use Newton’s equations of motion for constant acceleration to analyze an object moving in 1-D with a
constant acceleration. This includes objects in free-fall.
PHYSICS 201: TEST 2 STUDY SHEET
You should know how to do the following:
1. Analyze an object undergoing projectile motion (without air resistance).
2. Analyze an object undergoing uniform circular motion. You should be able to identify the force or forces
that are causing the centripetal acceleration and find relevant quantities such as tangential speed, angular speed,
period, frequency, and centripetal acceleration. Be familiar with the examples covered in class, such as a
satellite orbiting a planet.
3. Know what Newton’s three Laws of Motion state. Be able to use Newton’s Second Law of Motion to
analyze the subsequent motion of an object. This could mean you must find the acceleration of the object given
all the forces acting on it, or find the size of particular force acting on the object given enough information about
the object. Know the standard plan of attack when using the Second Law of Motion. You may be asked to
simply set up an analysis, i.e. write down the equations obtained from applying the Second Law using only
symbols.
4. Use Newton’s Universal Law of Gravity to find the size and direction of the gravitational force exerted by
one object on another.
5. Know how we model air resistance. Evaluate the b coefficient with given information. Describe how air
resistance affects the motion of an object in free-fall. Find the terminal velocity of an object in free-fall.
6. Know how to find the torque exerted on an object by a force.
7. Know how to analyze an object in static equilibrium by balancing all forces and torques acting on it.
PHYSICS 201: TEST 3 STUDY SHEET
You should know how to do the following:
1. Find the work done by a force in moving an object through a displacement. (W = Fscos)
2. Know that power is the rate at which work is done (or the rate at which energy is delivered or used). Find the
power delivered or used in moving an object through some displacement in some time.
3. Find the kinetic energy of an object.
4. Use the Work-Energy Theorem to find the final speed of an object.
5. Use the Law of Conservation of Energy to analyze the motion of an object. This means you should know
how to find the potential energies of an object due to gravity (near the Earth’s surface and far from the surface)
and due to the spring force. Know how to deal with energy lost due to friction or drag. Remember that you also
may have to find the work done by other nonconservative forces such as a pulling or pushing force.
6. Derive the expression for the escape speed for the Earth using the Law of Conversation of Energy. Know the
speed.
7. Draw and use an energy plot to analyze the motion of an object which is subjected to a single conservative
force such as gravity (near or far from the Earth) or a spring force. [Worksheet]
8. Find the momentum of an object.
9. Find the impulse (change in momentum) experienced by an object when it is acted upon by an impulsive
force. Find the average force given information about the impulse and time.
10. Use the Law of Conservation of Momentum to analyze a collision. Know what is meant by an elastic,
inelastic, and perfectly inelastic collision. Find the amount of kinetic energy lost in a collision.
PHYSICS 201: TEST 4 STUDY SHEET
You should know how to do the following:
1. Given two of the following properties of a fluid, find the third property: mass, volume, density.
2. Find the force exerted on some area by a fluid given the pressure of the fluid at the location of the area.
3. Know the mks units of pressure. Be able to convert from one set of pressure units to another set.
4. Find the pressure in a fluid at a certain depth given the pressure at the top of the fluid and its density.
5. Know how a barometer and a manometer work. Be able to figure out the air pressure if shown a picture of a
barometer and told the density of the fluid in the barometer tube.
6. Be able to analyze the floating of an object (Archimedes’ Principle). Determine if an object will float or not.
If the object is completely submerged, be able to tell if the object will sink or rise.
7. Find the flow rate of a fluid given its speed and the cross-sectional area of the pipe through which it is
traveling. Use the equation of continuity to determine whether a fluid will slow down or speed up if the pipe
narrows or widens.
8. Use Bernoulli’s Equation to analyze the flow of a nonviscous (no energy loss) fluid.
9. Know what the temperature of an object really measures. (The answer is not “How hot an object is”!) Be able
to convert from the Fahrenheit to the Celsius to the Kelvin scale. Know what room temperature is on all three
scales. Know the freezing and boiling points of water on all three scales (at 1 atmosphere of pressure).
10. Find the thermal expansion or contraction of a solid or liquid given its coefficient of expansion and the
increase or decrease in temperature. Note that you must also know the length (or area or volume) at the initial
temperature.
11. Use the ideal gas law to analyze a change in pressure and/or volume and/or temperature in a gas. (In other
words, use PV  NkT in the form PV
1 1 T1  PV
2 2 T2 .
12. Find the amount of heat that must be put into a substance to raise (or the amount of heat that must be
removed to lower) the temperature of a substance from one temperature to another temperature. Realize that the
substance may be undergoing phase transitions during this process. Be able to account for this. (I will provide
you with specific heats and latent heats of fusion and vaporization.)
13. Find the heat flow rate via conduction through some material given the temperature differential across the
material and its cross-sectional area and R-value. Realize that if different materials are stacked together, you
simply add the individual R-values to find the total R value and then use Q t  A( T ) R .
14. Analyze the motion of a mass on a spring. Find the position, velocity, or acceleration of the mass at any
time. Find the period of the oscillations. Find the natural oscillation frequency of the oscillator.
15. Know the difference between a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave. Know examples of each type.
16. Analyze a harmonic wave on a string. Know what A, k, , and  are and how to find them with given
information.
17. Know how the power delivered in a wave depends on the frequency, amplitude, and speed of the wave.
18. Analyze standing waves on a string. Find the fundamental frequency and the higher harmonics.
19. Know the speed of sound in air at room temperature. Know the audible frequency range for humans. Know
the intensities (W/m2) and sound levels (dB) at the threshold of hearing and at the threshold of pain.
20. Find the sound level in dB given the intensity, or find the intensity given the sound level.
21. Use the ideal point source approximation (spherical waves) to find the ratio of intensities at two different
distances from the source. Know what approximations are made in finding this ratio. Know how to find the
intensity of the sound some distance from the source given the average power delivered by the source.
22. Know how to find the Doppler-shifted frequency of a source of sound.