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CISCO IOS QUALITY OF SERVICE UPDATE Tim McSweeney Product Manager, QoS Internet Technologies Division Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Agenda • The Need for Quality of Service (QoS) • Cisco IOS QoS Framework • Roadmap Overview Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 2 It Begins and Ends with Applications Reliability Goal: Eliminate Network Failure Points Application Cost of Downtime per Minute $13,000 ERP Supply Chain Management $11,000 $10,000 E-Commerce Internet Banking $7,000 Customer Service Center $3,700 Electronic Funds Transfer Messaging $3,500 $1,000 Survey of 250 Fortune 1000 companies Source: Forrester Research Inc Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 3 How Do We Make the Network Reliable? CxO & Network Manager Perspective RELIABILITY Cisco Globally Resilient IP Cisco Quality of Service (QoS) Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 AVAILABILITY PERFORMANCE © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. SECURITY Cisco Integrated Security 4 What is QoS? Basic Perspectives The User Perspective • The network capability to provide the desired application performance • It’s all about the applications and their users • Voice, Video, and Data The Network Manager Perspective • Bandwidth, delay, jitter, and packet loss are policy variables to achieve the desired application performance • Cost savings through efficient use of physical infrastructure Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 Why Not Just “Add Bandwidth” For Performance? • Adding bandwidth is NOT free! A real example: Hotel chain with 2000 locations in the U.S. Going from 128Kbps to 256Kbps for application performance = $256 extra per site/month = $512K/month for 2000 sites = $6.1M/year in additional cost! QoS provided required network performance for the hotel reservation application, saving the customer recurring OPEX! • Bandwidth is not the same everywhere Dependent on location, SLA, and Service • Need to prioritize bandwidth utilization on the network There are speed mismatches, leading to congestion (transient or persistent), in every network Insurance policy for business critical applications Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 6 What Customers Have Deployed Cisco IOS QoS? The World Bank Group … And Many More! Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 7 Agenda • The Need for QoS • Cisco IOS QoS Framework • Roadmap Overview Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 8 QoS Evolution QoS Intelligence & Automation DiffServ-Aware Traffic Engineering (DS-TE) & L2 VPN QoS Differentiated Services Model Integrated Services Model Best Effort IP Model 199x 199x 199x 199x 200x 200x Time Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 9 Other Services Mission Critical P o l i c y – The Modular QoS CLI (MQC) VoIP IntServ DiffServ Multimedia (Video Conf) VPN MPLS-TE Hybrid-Models Signaling (ECN,RSVP-QoS,RSVP-TE) Classification & Marking (DSCP, IP Precedence, NBAR, etc.) Congestion Avoidance Mechanisms (RED, WRED, WRED-ECN) Traffic Conditioners (Policing, Shaping) Congestion Management Techniques (WFQ,CBWFQ,LLQ) Link Efficiency Mechanisms (Compression, Fragmentation) Frame Relay Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 PPP HDLC DLSw SDLC © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. ATM FE Gig.E FXO/FXS T1 PBX Provisioning& M o n i t o r i n g – CBQoSMIB, QPM, IPM/SMS Cisco IOS QoS Framework xDSL Cable 10 Network-Based Application Recognition My Application is too slow! • Intelligent Classification Engine used in conjunction with QoS class-based features • Protocol Discovery analyzes application traffic patterns in real time and Discovers which traffic is running on the network Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Link Utilization Citrix Netshow Fasttrack FTP HTTP 25% 15% 10% 30% 20% Mark Citrix as Interactive traffic and police FTP. Guarantee bandwidth for Citrix! 11 NBAR Benefit Footprint and Hardware Support Enterprise Backbone Enterprise Premise Edge Service Provider Aggregation Edge Service Provider Core • Application classification • Precise QoS treatment • Application statistics for bandwidth provisioning • Top-n views • Threshold settings • Mapping applications to an SP’s service offering • Cisco Catalyst 6500 and 7600 Series • MSFC • Planned ASIC Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 • Cisco Catalyst 6500 and 7600 Series • FlexWAN, MWAM • Planned ASIC • Cisco 7100, 7200, and 7500 Series • Cisco 83x, 1700, 2600-2600XM, 3600, and 3700 Series © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. • Cisco Catalyst 6500 and 7600 Series • FlexWAN, MWAM • Planned ASIC • Cisco 7100, 7200, and 7500 Series Cisco Catalyst 6500 and 7600 Series • FlexWAN, MWAM • Planned ASIC • Cisco 7500 Series 12 NBAR – Intelligent Classification • IP packet classifier that is capable of classifying applications that have: Statically assigned TCP and UDP port numbers Non-TCP and non-UDP IP protocols Dynamically assigned TCP and UDP port numbers during connection establishment Classification based on deep packet inspection – NBAR’s ability to look deeper into the packet to identify applications HTTP traffic by URL, host name or MIME type using regular expressions (*, ?, [ ]), Citrix ICA traffic, RTP Payload type classification • Currently supports 88 protocols/applications Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 13 The QoS Challenge: Reduce the Cost & Time to Deploy QoS Manual QoS Deployment Total Cost Monitoring & Reporting Configuring Designing Learning Cisco AutoQoS Target: Cheaper & Faster! 199x 199x 199x 199x 200x 200x Time Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 14 Cisco AutoQoS Uses Intelligence to Automate • Automation makes it simpler to Get a quick start on QoS deployment Deploy QoS in the most common business scenarios Reduce operator and configuration errors Gain visibility into network & application performance • Simpler implies faster and cheaper Example Scenario: I need to add VoIP to my network - Where do I begin for QoS on the network? - On what should I monitor and report? • Cisco AutoQoS drastically reduces learning, designing, and configuration Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 15 Cisco AutoQoS – Automating the Key Elements of QoS Deployment • Application Classification Example: automatically discovering applications and providing appropriate QoS treatment • Policy Generation Example: auto-generation of initial and ongoing QoS policies • Configuration Example: providing high level business knobs, and multi-device / domain automation for QoS • Monitoring & Reporting Example: generating intelligent, automatic alerts and summary reports • Consistency Example: enabling automatic, seamless interoperability among all QoS features and parameters across a network topology LAN, MAN, and WAN Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 16 Cisco AutoQoS–VoIP Automatic QoS for VoIP Traffic Configures Each Switch or Router interface Serial0 –bandwidth 256 –Ip address 10.1.61.1 255.255.255.0 –auto qos voip • LAN & WAN Routers & Switches • One single command enables Cisco QoS for VoIP on a given port, interface or PVC interface Multilink1 ip address 10.1.61.1 255.255.255.0 ip tcp header-compression iphc-format load-interval 30 service-policy output QoS-Policy ppp multilink ppp multilink fragment-delay 10 ppp multilink interleave Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 17 QoS Deployment for VoIP Consistent, end-to-end QoS for VoIP WAN Access Layer WAN Distribution Layer • Classification & Trust Boundary • Intelligent Classification • Layer 3 Policing • Marking / Remarking • Bandwidth Provisioning • Egress Scheduling • Egress Queue Scheduling • Admission Control • (Multiple Queues with WRR) • Buffer Management • Shaping • Priority Queuing for VOIP • Link Fragmentation & Interleaving • Buffer Management Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 • Header Compression © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 18 The Proof is in the Savings with Cisco AutoQoS! 1200 50 1000 800 40 600 400 20 30 Weeks $,000 Up to 3 Times Cheaper & Faster QoS Deployments! 10 200 0 0 50 150 300 650 1100 Customer Sites Deployment Cost with AutoQoS Deployment Time with AutoQoS Deployment Cost without AutoQoS Deployment Time without AutoQoS Faster QoS deployments allow customers to realize VoIP opportunities more quickly! Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 19 Cisco AutoQoS-VoIP Framework DiffServ Functions Automated Fine tuning of AutoQoS-generated parameters by user, if desired DiffServ Function QoS Feature Behavior Classification NBAR DSCP, Port Classification of VoIP based on packet attributes or port trust Marking Class-based marking Set L3 / L2 attributes to categorize packets into a class Congestion Management Percentage-based LLQ, WRR Provide EF treatment to voice & BE treatment to data Shaping Class-based shaping or FRTS Shape to CIR to prevent burst & smooth traffic to Configured Rate Link Efficiency Mechanism Header compression Reduce the VoIP bandwidth requirement Link Efficiency Mechanism Link fragmentation & interleaving Reduce jitter experienced by voice packets Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 20 Cisco AutoQoS-VoIP Functionality & Benefits – WAN Functionality Benefits Auto-determination of Wide-Area Network (WAN) Settings Automatic determination of WAN settings for fragmentation and interleaving, compression, encapsulation, and Frame Relay-ATM interworking. Eliminates the need to understand QoS theory and design practices in common deployment scenarios. Initial Policy Generation Initial Policy Generation provides users an advanced starting point for VoIP deployments. This reduces the time needed to establish an initial feasible QoS policy solution that includes providing QoS to VoIP bearer traffic, signaling traffic, and best-effort data. Traps & Reporting Syslog & SNMP traps provide visibility into the Classes of Service deployed, and notification of abnormal events such as VoIP packet drops. Intelligent Classification of Network Traffic Using Cisco Network Based Application Recognition (NBAR) for deep and stateful packet inspection, this feature can identify VoIP bearer and control traffic. Simplifies QoS configurations by reducing – and in some cases eliminating – the need for Access Control Lists (ACLs). Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 21 Cisco AutoQoS-VoIP Functionality & Benefits – LAN Functionality Simplified Configuration Automated and Secure Optimal VoIP Performance Benefits In one command, Cisco AutoQoS configures the port to prioritize voice traffic without affecting other network traffic. Includes the flexibility to tune Cisco AutoQoS settings for unique network requirements. Automatically detects Cisco IP Phones and enables Cisco AutoQoS settings (Catalyst 2950 & 3550). Prevents malicious activity by disabling QoS settings when a Cisco IP phone is relocated/moved. Leverages decades of networking experience, extensive lab performance testing, and input from a broad base of customer AVVID installations to determine the optimal QoS configuration for typical VoIP deployments. Uses all advanced QoS capabilities of the Cisco Catalyst switches. End-to-End Interoperability Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 Designed to work in harmony with the Cisco AutoQoS settings on all other Cisco switches and routers, ensuring consistent end-to-end QoS. © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 22 Using Cisco AutoQoS – VoIP & CiscoWorks QPM Configures Each Switch or Router Centralized, web-based tool to manage network-wide QoS for multiple devices QoS Policy Manager (QPM) interface Serial0 –bandwidth 256 –Ip address 10.1.61.1 255.255.255.0 –auto qos voip interface Multilink1 ip address 10.1.61.1 255.255.255.0 ip tcp header-compression iphc-format load-interval 30 service-policy output QoS-Policy ppp multilink ppp multilink fragment-delay 10 ppp multilink interleave Cisco IOS and CatOS Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 23 Not to Forget…. Human Error is the Most Significant Contributor to Downtime • Platform Problems • The network • Operating system or hardware • Change management • Process consistency Operational Errors 40% Network 20% Software Application 40% AutoQoS reduces potential for operator error • Application bugs (I.e., DNS) • Misconfiguration Source: Gartner Group, CNET News.com Jan 26, 2001 Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 24 Video Cisco AutoQoS Cisco QoS Features Cisco IOS Software or Cisco Catalyst OS Cisco Router or Switch Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 Data © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. (MQC – The User Language) CiscoWorks QoS Policy Manager Voice Cisco Modular QoS CLI Understanding the Complete Cisco QoS Picture 25 Agile QoS Deployment for VoIP Cisco AutoQoS-VoIP and CiscoWorks QPM • Application Classification Cisco AutoQoS identifies VoIP bearer and control traffic • Policy Generation Cisco AutoQoS evaluates the network environment and generates initial policy on a given Port, Interface, or PVC • Configuration Cisco AutoQoS provides a single command to enable QoS on each interface/PVC QPM provides centralized network-wide configuration, management and monitoring • Monitoring & Reporting Traps issued on VoIP packet drops QPM uses data received from network devices to generate QoS reports • Consistency Cisco AutoQoS is fully inter-operable between LAN & WAN devices Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 26 Cisco AutoQoS – VoIP Feature Availability Platform Software Availability Cisco Catalyst 2950 and 3550 Switches Cisco IOS Software Today! Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series Switches Cisco Catalyst OS Today! Cisco 2600, 2600-XM, 3600, 3700, 7200 Series Routers Cisco IOS Software Cisco Catalyst 4000 & 4500 Series Switches Cisco IOS Software Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Today! Today! 27 Agenda • The Need for QoS • Cisco IOS QoS Framework • Roadmap Overview Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 28 Cisco AutoQoS – The Vision Evolve the network to an intelligent entity that tunes itself for QoS • Provide high-level business knobs • Customer retains ultimate control Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 Cisco IOS QoS Roadmap Highlights Flow-QoS, Cisco AutoQoS Phase 3 – High-Level Policies Functionality L2VPN QoS, Cisco AutoQoS Phase 2 – Voice/Video/Data Cisco AutoQoS Phase 1 – VoIP Crypto-Engine QoS NBAR Protocol Discovery MIB, IPv6 QoS 2H 2002 1H 2003 2H 2003 1H 2004 Time Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 30 AutoQoS for the Enterprise Comprehensive QoS Deployment in Two Steps 1. Run AutoDiscovery to profile traffic: Collects data from the offered traffic for several days, a week, etc., as desired: Uses NBAR-based protocol discovery Performs statistical analysis 2. Generate & deploy MQCbased QoS policies: Maps applications to their corresponding DiffServ classes Procedure: 1. Invoke "auto discovery qos“ on the applicable link Use "show auto discovery qos“ to view data collection in progress 2. Automatically configure the link with “auto qos” command Use "show auto qos" to display the QoS policy settings deployed Assigns appropriate values for bandwidth and scheduling parameters Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 31 AutoQoS DiffServ Class Provisioning • Automatically provisions for 10 classes Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Traffic Class DSCP IP Routing CS6 Interactive Voice EF Interactive Video AF41 Streaming Video CS4 Telephony Signaling CS3 Transactional/Interactive AF21 Network Management CS2 Bulk Data AF11 Scavenger CS1 Best Effort 0 11/03 32 Roadmap for Cisco IOS Quality of Service Automation & Simplification for QoS Deployment Jul 2003 Aug 2003 Sept 2003 Oct 2003 Nov 2003 Dec 2004 QoS Intelligence for Increased Flexibility and Control Layer 2 VPN QoS Jan 2004 Feb 2004 Mar 2004 Apr 2004 May 2004 Jun 2004 12.0(26)S 12.3(4)T Targeting 12.0(27)S • Frame-Relay over IP/MPLS QoS • CBQoSMIB Enhancements • L2TPv3 QoS • ATM Cell & AAL5 over IP/MPLS QoS • NBAR – UserDefined Custom Application Classification • FECN/BECN over L2TPv3 • Ethernet over IP/MPLS QoS • NBAR – Extended Inspection for HTTP Traffic • MFR QoS • L2 CoS-based WRED • Set L2 CoS as Police Action Jul 2004 Aug 2004 Sept 2004 Oct 2004 Nov 2004 Targeting 12.3(Rls3)T • AutoQoS for the Enterprise • NAT-NBAR integration: RTSP over NAT • NBAR PDLMs – RTSP, Citrix ICA & others • ACLs: TurboClassification for QoS on 7200 Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 33 Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 34 While AutoDiscovery Runs, View Data Collection & Configure the Link 1. Start AutoDiscovery: auto discovery qos AutoDiscovery collects & analyzes traffic statistics Stop AutoDiscovery: no auto discovery qos View data collection in progress: show auto discovery qos 2. Configure the link: auto qos Cisco IOS QoS Update, 11/03 © 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. View the QoS policy settings deployed: show auto qos 35